应用层安全:nginx实现https


nginx实现https

关于密码学的内容我在这里不过多阐述,这里面只上操作步骤,如果有兴趣的同学请参考我这一篇博文: https://www.cnblogs.com/yizhangheka/p/11038825.html

简单的理解,假如说A是CA,,B信任A,A给B颁发了一个证书,C也是如此,也获得一个CA颁发的证书;那么当B和C合作的时候,一方出示CA给的证书,另一方就能识别出来,并予以信任合作,其信任合作的前提是基于B和C对A的信任。

私有CA的IP 192.168.80.5
nginx的IP 192.168.80.20

CA自签

  1. 生成自己的私钥

    [root@n1 ~]#  cd /etc/pki/CA/
    [root@n1 CA]# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out private/cakey.pem 2048)
    [root@n1 CA]# touch index.txt
    [root@n1 CA]# echo 01 > serial
    
  2. 生成自己的证书

    [root@n1 CA]# openssl req -new -x509 -key private/cakey.pem -out cacert.pem -days 7300
    Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
    State or Province Name (full name) []:bejing
    Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:bejing
    Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:bejing  
    Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:ops  
    Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:ca.magedu.com
    Email Address []:caadmin@magedu.com
    

nginx生成签署请求

  1. 生成自己的私钥和密钥签署文件

    [root@Web ~]# cd /etc/nginx/
    [root@Web nginx]# clear
    [root@Web nginx]# pwd
    /etc/nginx
    [root@Web nginx]# openssl req -new -key nginx.key -out nginx.csr
    Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
    State or Province Name (full name) []:bejing
    Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:bejing
    Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:bejing
    Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:ops   
    Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:www.zhanghe.com
    Email Address []:746620446@qq.com
    
    Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
    to be sent with your certificate request
    A challenge password []:
    An optional company name []:
    
  2. 将密钥签署文件发送到CA上

    [root@Web nginx]# scp nginx.csr root@192.168.80.5:/root
    

CA签名

  1. 在私有CA上对nginx网站生成的签署请求进行签名,并生成了一个签署好的证书文件: www.zhanghe.com.crt

    openssl ca -in nginx.csr -out www.zhanghe.com.crt -days 365
    
  2. 将证书送给nginx服务器的/etc/nginx

     scp www.zhanghe.com.crt root@192.168.80.20:/etc/nginx
    

Nginx导入证书

[root@Web ~]# yum -y install mod_ssl
vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
server {
        listen       443 ssl;
        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;
        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
        server_name www.zhangge.com;

        ssl on;
        ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/www.zhanghe.com.crt;
        ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/nginx.key;
        ssl_session_cache shared:sslcache:20m;
        }

客户端验证

在验证之要添加hosts记录,在访问的时候必须通过域名访问

curl --cacert cacert.pem https://www.zhanghe.com

访问80时自动跳转到443

分享nginx下http访问自动跳转到https上,即nginx 80端口重定向到443端口。配置如下:

按照如下格式修改nginx.conf 配置文件,80端口会自动转给443端口,这样就强制使用SSL证书加密了。访问http的时候会自动跳转到https上面。

server {
listen 80;
server_name www.域名.com;
rewrite ^(.*) https://$server_name$1 permanent;
}
server {
listen 443;
server_name www.域名.com;
root /home/www;
ssl on;
ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/certs/server.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/certs/server.key;
}

修改配置文件后,重启nginx。

posted @ 2020-02-26 20:09  张贺贺呀  阅读(325)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报