理解spring中的BeanFactory和FactoryBean的区别与联系
原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/joenqc/article/details/66479154
首先,这俩都是个接口…
实现 BeanFactory
接口的类表明此类事一个工厂,作用就是配置、新建、管理 各种Bean。
而 实现 FactoryBean
的类表明此类也是一个Bean,类型为工厂Bean(Spring中共有两种bean,一种为普通bean,另一种则为工厂bean)。顾名思义,它也是用来管理Bean的,而它本身由spring管理。
一个Bean想要实现 FactoryBean
,必须实现以下三个接口:
1. Object getObject():返回由FactoryBean创建的Bean的实例
2. boolean isSingleton():确定由FactoryBean创建的Bean的作用域是singleton还是prototype;
3. getObjectType():返回FactoryBean创建的Bean的类型。
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有一点需要注意,如果将一个实现了FactoryBean的类成功配置到了spring上下文中,那么通过该类对象的名称(比如appleFactoryBean)从spring的applicationContext或者beanFactory获取bean时,获取到的是appleFactoryBean创建的apple实例,而不是appleFactoryBean自己,如果想通过spring拿到appleFactoryBean,需要在名称前加 &
符号 :
out.println(applicationContext.getBean("&appleFactoryBean"))
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这个prefix在BeanFactory接口源码中有提到:
/**
* Used to dereference a {@link FactoryBean} instance and distinguish it from
* beans <i>created</i> by the FactoryBean. For example, if the bean named
* {@code myJndiObject} is a FactoryBean, getting {@code &myJndiObject}
* will return the factory, not the instance returned by the factory.
*/
String FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX = "&";
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还有一点需要注意,FactoryBean管理的bean实际上也是由spring进行配置、实例化、管理,因此由FactoryBean管理的bean不能再次配置到spring配置文件中(xml、java类配置、注解均不可以),否则会报如下异常:
Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanIsNotAFactoryException: Bean named 'appleFactoryBean' is expected to be of type 'org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean' but was actually of type 'java.lang.Object'
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getObjectForBeanInstance(AbstractBeanFactory.java:1612)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:317)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:742)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:866)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:542)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext.<init>(AnnotationConfigApplicationContext.java:84)
at com.joen.testspringcontainer.Start.main(Start.java:11)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:147)
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附上一个例子:
spring配置类:
@Configuration
@ComponentScan
public class Configurations {
}
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AppleBean :
//@Component 这里不可以加注解 !!!!!!
public class AppleBean{
}
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AppleFactoryBean :
@Component
public class AppleFactoryBean implements FactoryBean{
public Object getObject() throws Exception {
return new AppleBean();
}
public Class<?> getObjectType() {
return AppleBean.class;
}
public boolean isSingleton() {
return false;
}
}
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启动类 :
public class Start {
public static void main(String[] args){
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Configurations.class);
out.println(applicationContext.getBean("appleFactoryBean"));//得到的是apple
out.println(applicationContext.getBean("&appleFactoryBean"));//得到的是apple工厂
}
}