Linux操作系统的压缩、解压缩工具介绍

　　　　　　　　　　Linux操作系统的压缩、解压缩工具介绍

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　作者：尹正杰

版权声明：原创作品，谢绝转载！否则将追究法律责任。

 

 

一.compress/uncompress命令常用参数

Linux compress命令:
    是一个相当古老的 unix 档案压缩指令，压缩后的档案会加上一个 .Z 延伸档名以区别未压缩的档案，压缩后的档案可以以 uncompress 解压。若要将数个档案压成一个压缩档，必须先将档案 tar 起来再压缩。由于 gzip 可以产生更理想的压缩比例，一般人多已改用 gzip 为档案压缩工具。

compress [-dfvcVr] [-b maxbits] [file ...] 
    -d: 
        解压缩，相当于uncompress
    -c: 
       结果输出至标准输出,不删除原文件 
　　-v: 
　　　　显示详情

uncompress 
    解压缩 

zcat file.Z >file 

1>.安装commpress/uncompress软件包

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install ncompress.x86_64 
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package ncompress.x86_64 0:4.2.4.4-3.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

===================================================================================================================================
 Package                         Arch                         Version                             Repository                  Size
===================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 ncompress                       x86_64                       4.2.4.4-3.el7                       base                        26 k

Transaction Summary
===================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 26 k
Installed size: 35 k
Downloading packages:
ncompress-4.2.4.4-3.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                          |  26 kB  00:00:00     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : ncompress-4.2.4.4-3.el7.x86_64                                                                                  1/1 
  Verifying  : ncompress-4.2.4.4-3.el7.x86_64                                                                                  1/1 

Installed:
  ncompress.x86_64 0:4.2.4.4-3.el7                                                                                                 

Complete!
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install ncompress.x86_64

2>.压缩文件

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/log/messages -h                                           
-rw------- 1 root root 89K Dec 13 17:20 /var/log/messages
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# for _ in `seq 1000`;do cat /var/log/messages >> /root/message;done　　　　　　　　#创建测试压缩的文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 87M
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 87M Dec 13 17:45 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# compress message 　　　　　　　　#compress命令压缩文件后会将源文件删除，并在源文件名称后缀中多了一个".Z"
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 18M
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18M Dec 13 17:45 message.Z　　　　　　　　　　　　#文件的确是变小啦。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

3>.解压文件 

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 18M
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18M Dec 13 17:45 message.Z
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# uncompress message.Z 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 87M
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 87M Dec 13 17:45 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

4>."-c"参数使用案例 

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 87M
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 87M Dec 13 17:45 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# compress -c message  > message.Z　　　　　　　　#不建议将压缩结果直接输出到标准输出，因为打印在标准输出咱们人为是读不懂的，因此可以考虑重定向，这样即压缩来源文件，也达到来不删除源文件的好处。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 104M
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 87M Dec 13 17:45 message
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18M Dec 13 18:07 message.Z
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

5>.zcat使用案例 

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 106344
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 90740000 Dec 13 17:45 message
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18150727 Dec 13 18:07 message.Z
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# zcat message.Z 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#预览压缩内容但并不解压
......
Dec 13 15:01:01 node101 systemd: Started Session 55 of user root.
Dec 13 15:01:01 node101 systemd: Removed slice User Slice of root.
Dec 13 15:41:07 node101 systemd: Starting Cleanup of Temporary Directories...
Dec 13 15:41:07 node101 systemd: Started Cleanup of Temporary Directories.
Dec 13 16:01:01 node101 systemd: Created slice User Slice of root.
Dec 13 16:01:01 node101 systemd: Started Session 56 of user root.
Dec 13 16:01:01 node101 systemd: Removed slice User Slice of root.
Dec 13 16:39:05 node101 sshd[333]: Accepted password for root from 172.30.1.2 port 50754 ssh2
Dec 13 16:39:05 node101 systemd: Created slice User Slice of root.
Dec 13 16:39:05 node101 systemd-logind: New session 57 of user root.
Dec 13 16:39:05 node101 systemd: Started Session 57 of user root.
Dec 13 16:42:32 node101 chronyd[3582]: Source 116.203.151.74 replaced with 119.28.183.184
Dec 13 16:45:45 node101 chronyd[3582]: Selected source 119.28.183.184
Dec 13 16:45:45 node101 chronyd[3582]: System clock wrong by 165882.562596 seconds, adjustment started
Dec 13 17:01:01 node101 systemd: Started Session 58 of user root.
Dec 13 17:19:27 node101 chronyd[3582]: Source 144.76.76.107 replaced with 193.182.111.141
Dec 13 17:20:27 node101 sshd[2691]: Accepted password for root from 172.30.1.2 port 51751 ssh2
Dec 13 17:20:27 node101 systemd-logind: New session 59 of user root.
Dec 13 17:20:27 node101 systemd: Started Session 59 of user root.
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 106344
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 90740000 Dec 13 17:45 message
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18150727 Dec 13 18:07 message.Z
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# zcat message.Z 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#预览压缩内容但并不解压

6>.compress也支持交互式压缩 

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 106344
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 90740000 Dec 13 17:45 message
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18150727 Dec 13 18:07 message.Z
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# compress > test.Z　　　　　　　　　　#按住"ctrl+d"就会结束命令行输出
88888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 106348
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 90740000 Dec 13 17:45 message
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18150727 Dec 13 18:07 message.Z
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root       32 Dec 13 18:13 test.Z
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# zcat test.Z | wc -c　　　　　　　　　　#重复的次数越多，压缩比例就越高
320
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 106348
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 90740000 Dec 13 17:45 message
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18150727 Dec 13 18:07 message.Z
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root       32 Dec 13 18:13 test.Z
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

7>."-d"参数介绍 

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 106348
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 90740000 Dec 13 17:45 message
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18150727 Dec 13 18:07 message.Z
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root       32 Dec 13 18:13 test.Z
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# compress -d test.Z 　　　　　　　　#解压"test.Z"文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 106348
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 90740000 Dec 13 17:45 message
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18150727 Dec 13 18:07 message.Z
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root      320 Dec 13 18:13 test
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

8>.compress命令支持将命令标准输出进行压缩 

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# dmesg | compress > dmesg.Z
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 24
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 21010 Dec 13 18:22 dmesg.Z
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# uncompress dmesg.Z 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 48
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 46804 Dec 13 18:22 dmesg
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

9>.更多compress压缩命令帮助信息

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# compress --help
Unknown flag: '-'; Usage: compress [-dfvcVr] [-b maxbits] [file ...]
       -d   If given, decompression is done instead.
       -c   Write output on stdout, don't remove original.
       -b   Parameter limits the max number of bits/code.
       -f   Forces output file to be generated, even if one already.
            exists, and even if no space is saved by compressing.
            If -f is not used, the user will be prompted if stdin is.
            a tty, otherwise, the output file will not be overwritten.
       -v   Write compression statistics.
       -V   Output vesion and compile options.
       -r   Recursive. If a filename is a directory, descend
            into it and compress everything in it.
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# compress --help
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# man compress

 

二.gzip/gunzip(gzip完胜compress)

gzip [OPTION]... FILE ... 
　　-d:
　　　　解压缩，相当于gunzip 
　　-c:
　　　　结果输出至标准输出，保留原文件不改变 
　　-num:
　　　　这个"num"对应的数字范围是:1-9，指定压缩比，值越大压缩比越大,默认压缩比例是6，可参考下面的实验结果。

zcat:
　　不显式解压缩的前提下查看文本文件内容

1>.压缩同样文件对比compress和gzip的压缩比例

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# for _ in `seq 10000`;do cat /var/log/messages >> /root/message;done
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 877M
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 877M Dec 14 01:57 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f1.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f2.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 2.6G
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 877M Dec 14 01:59 f1.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 877M Dec 14 01:59 f2.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 877M Dec 14 01:57 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# compress f1.txt 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# gzip f2.txt 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 1.2G
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 171M Dec 14 01:59 f1.txt.Z
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 164M Dec 14 01:59 f2.txt.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 877M Dec 14 01:57 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

2>.解压文件

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 1.2G
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 171M Dec 14 01:59 f1.txt.Z
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 164M Dec 14 01:59 f2.txt.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 877M Dec 14 01:57 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# gunzip f2.txt.gz 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 1.9G
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 171M Dec 14 01:59 f1.txt.Z
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 877M Dec 14 01:59 f2.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 877M Dec 14 01:57 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

3>.指定压缩级别(默认压缩级别在6左右) 

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 768M
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:18 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f1.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f2.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f3.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f5.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f6.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f7.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f8.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f9.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f10.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 8.3G
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:21 f10.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:19 f1.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:19 f2.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:19 f3.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:19 f4.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:20 f5.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:20 f6.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:20 f7.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:20 f8.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:21 f9.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:18 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# gzip -1 f1.txt 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# gzip -2 f2.txt  
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# gzip -3 f3.txt   
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# gzip -4 f4.txt   
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# gzip -5 f5.txt   
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# gzip -6 f6.txt   
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# gzip -7 f7.txt   
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# gzip -8 f8.txt   
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# gzip -9 f9.txt 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# gzip f10.txt 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 2.3G
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 149M Dec 16 18:21 f10.txt.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 173M Dec 16 18:19 f1.txt.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 168M Dec 16 18:19 f2.txt.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 166M Dec 16 18:19 f3.txt.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 154M Dec 16 18:19 f4.txt.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 151M Dec 16 18:20 f5.txt.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 149M Dec 16 18:20 f6.txt.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 148M Dec 16 18:20 f7.txt.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 146M Dec 16 18:20 f8.txt.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 146M Dec 16 18:21 f9.txt.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:18 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

4>."-c"选项使用案例

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 768M
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:18 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# gzip -c message > message.gz       　　　　#结果输出至标准输出，保留原文件不改变
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 917M
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:18 message
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 149M Dec 16 18:45 message.gz
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

5>.查看gzip的帮助信息

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# gzip --help
Usage: gzip [OPTION]... [FILE]...
Compress or uncompress FILEs (by default, compress FILES in-place).

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.

  -c, --stdout      write on standard output, keep original files unchanged
  -d, --decompress  decompress
  -f, --force       force overwrite of output file and compress links
  -h, --help        give this help
  -l, --list        list compressed file contents
  -L, --license     display software license
  -n, --no-name     do not save or restore the original name and time stamp
  -N, --name        save or restore the original name and time stamp
  -q, --quiet       suppress all warnings
  -r, --recursive   operate recursively on directories
  -S, --suffix=SUF  use suffix SUF on compressed files
  -t, --test        test compressed file integrity
  -v, --verbose     verbose mode
  -V, --version     display version number
  -1, --fast        compress faster
  -9, --best        compress better
    --rsyncable   Make rsync-friendly archive

With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

Report bugs to <bug-gzip@gnu.org>.
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# gzip --help
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# man gzip

 

三.bzip2/bunzip2/bzcat(功能要比gzip压缩还要强，比如httpd官方网站的很多压缩包都是基于bzip2压缩方式的,缺点就是压缩时间较长) 

bzip2 [OPTION]... FILE ... 
　　-k:keep, 
　　　　保留原文件
　　-d:
　　　　解压缩
　　-#:1-9，
　　　　压缩比，默认为9

bzcat:
　　不显式解压缩的前提下查看文本文件内容

1>.安装bzip2软件包

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install bzip2
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
 * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
base                                                                                                        | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                                      | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                                                     | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
(1/4): base/7/x86_64/group_gz                                                                               | 165 kB  00:00:00     
(2/4): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                           | 153 kB  00:00:00     
(3/4): base/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                             | 6.0 MB  00:00:00     
(4/4): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                          | 5.8 MB  00:00:11     
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package bzip2.x86_64 0:1.0.6-13.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

===================================================================================================================================
 Package                      Arch                          Version                              Repository                   Size
===================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 bzip2                        x86_64                        1.0.6-13.el7                         base                         52 k

Transaction Summary
===================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 52 k
Installed size: 82 k
Downloading packages:
bzip2-1.0.6-13.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                               |  52 kB  00:00:00     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : bzip2-1.0.6-13.el7.x86_64                                                                                       1/1 
  Verifying  : bzip2-1.0.6-13.el7.x86_64                                                                                       1/1 

Installed:
  bzip2.x86_64 0:1.0.6-13.el7                                                                                                      

Complete!
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install bzip2

2>.bzip2对比gzip最好压缩比例

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 786088
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 804950000 Dec 16 18:18 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f1.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f2.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 2.3G
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:49 f1.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:49 f2.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:18 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# gzip -9 f1.txt 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# bzip2 f2.txt 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h          
total 937M
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 146M Dec 16 18:49 f1.txt.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  23M Dec 16 18:49 f2.txt.bz2
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:18 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

3>."-k"参数使用案例

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 768M
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:18 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# bzip2 -k message 　　　　　　　　#压缩时并不会删除源文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 791M
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:18 message
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  23M Dec 16 18:18 message.bz2
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

4>."-d"参数介绍

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 23256
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 23810529 Dec 16 18:18 message.bz2
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# bzip2 -d message.bz2 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 768M
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:18 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 786088
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 804950000 Dec 16 18:18 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 

5>.bzcat命令可以查看bzip2压缩后的文件

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 809344
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 804950000 Dec 16 18:18 message
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  23810529 Dec 16 18:18 message.bz2
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# bzcat message.bz2 　　　　　　#在不解压缩的前提下查看文件内容
Dec 16 18:03:45 node101 kernel: pci 0000:00:01.0: PCI bridge to [bus 01]
Dec 16 18:03:45 node101 kernel: pci 0000:00:01.0:   bridge window [io  0x6000-0x7fff]
Dec 16 18:03:45 node101 kernel: pci 0000:00:01.0:   bridge window [mem 0xe2000000-0xedffffff]
Dec 16 18:03:45 node101 kernel: pci 0000:00:01.0:   bridge window [mem 0xb0000000-0xdfffffff 64bit pref]
Dec 16 18:03:45 node101 kernel: pci 0000:00:0a.0: PCI bridge to [bus 02]
.......

6>.查看帮助信息

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# bzip2 --help
bzip2, a block-sorting file compressor.  Version 1.0.6, 6-Sept-2010.

   usage: bzip2 [flags and input files in any order]

   -h --help           print this message
   -d --decompress     force decompression
   -z --compress       force compression
   -k --keep           keep (don't delete) input files
   -f --force          overwrite existing output files
   -t --test           test compressed file integrity
   -c --stdout         output to standard out
   -q --quiet          suppress noncritical error messages
   -v --verbose        be verbose (a 2nd -v gives more)
   -L --license        display software version & license
   -V --version        display software version & license
   -s --small          use less memory (at most 2500k)
   -1 .. -9            set block size to 100k .. 900k
   --fast              alias for -1
   --best              alias for -9

   If invoked as `bzip2', default action is to compress.
              as `bunzip2',  default action is to decompress.
              as `bzcat', default action is to decompress to stdout.

   If no file names are given, bzip2 compresses or decompresses
   from standard input to standard output.  You can combine
   short flags, so `-v -4' means the same as -v4 or -4v, &c.

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# bzip2 --help
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# man bzip2

 

四.xz/unxz/xzcat(压缩比上面几种压缩比例都强,linux 内核软件包官方使用的就是这种压缩方式)

xz [OPTION]... FILE ... 
　　-k: keep
　　　　保留原文件
　　-d:
　　　　解压缩
　　-num:
　　　　1-9，压缩比，默认为6 

unxz file.xz 解压缩

xzcat: 
　　不显式解压缩的前提下查看文本文件内容

1>."-k"参数使用案例

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 768M
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:18 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 786088
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 804950000 Dec 16 18:18 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# xz -k message 　　　　　　　　#压缩时可以保存源文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 786220
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 804950000 Dec 16 18:18 message
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    131092 Dec 16 18:18 message.xz
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 768M
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:18 message
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 129K Dec 16 18:18 message.xz
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

2>."-d"参数使用案例

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 786220
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 804950000 Dec 16 18:18 message.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    131092 Dec 16 18:18 message.xz
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# xz -d message.xz 　　　　　　　　　　　　#解压文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 1572176
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 804950000 Dec 16 18:18 message
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 804950000 Dec 16 18:18 message.log
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

3>.压缩比例对比(随着压缩的比例越大，耗费的时间就越长,默认为6)

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 768M
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:18 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f1.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f2.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f3.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f5.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f6.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f7.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f8.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f9.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cp message f10.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 7.5G
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 17 04:14 f10.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 17 04:14 f1.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 17 04:14 f2.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 17 04:14 f3.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 17 04:14 f4.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 17 04:14 f5.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 17 04:14 f6.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 17 04:14 f7.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 17 04:14 f8.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 17 04:14 f9.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:18 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# xz -1 f1.txt  
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# xz -2 f2.txt   
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# xz -3 f3.txt   
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# xz -4 f4.txt   
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# xz -5 f5.txt   
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# xz -6 f6.txt   
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# xz -7 f7.txt   
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# xz -8 f8.txt   
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# xz -9 f9.txt   
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# xz f10.txt  
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 769M
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 129K Dec 17 07:33 f10.txt.xz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 129K Dec 17 07:32 f1.txt.xz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 129K Dec 17 07:32 f2.txt.xz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 129K Dec 17 07:32 f3.txt.xz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 129K Dec 17 07:33 f4.txt.xz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 129K Dec 17 07:33 f5.txt.xz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 129K Dec 17 07:33 f6.txt.xz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 129K Dec 17 07:33 f7.txt.xz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 129K Dec 17 07:33 f8.txt.xz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 129K Dec 17 07:33 f9.txt.xz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 768M Dec 16 18:18 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll　　　　　　　　　　#最好以字节显示，不然真看不出差别了
total 787408
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    131092 Dec 17 07:33 f10.txt.xz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    132040 Dec 17 07:32 f1.txt.xz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    131956 Dec 17 07:32 f2.txt.xz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    131940 Dec 17 07:32 f3.txt.xz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    131928 Dec 17 07:33 f4.txt.xz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    131572 Dec 17 07:33 f5.txt.xz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    131092 Dec 17 07:33 f6.txt.xz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    131092 Dec 17 07:33 f7.txt.xz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    131092 Dec 17 07:33 f8.txt.xz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    131092 Dec 17 07:33 f9.txt.xz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 804950000 Dec 16 18:18 message
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#  

 

五.zip/unzip

1>.安装zip/unzip工具

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install zip unzip
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
 * extras: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
 * updates: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package unzip.x86_64 0:6.0-20.el7 will be installed
---> Package zip.x86_64 0:3.0-11.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=================================================================================================================================
 Package                      Arch                          Version                            Repository                   Size
=================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 unzip                        x86_64                        6.0-20.el7                         base                        170 k
 zip                          x86_64                        3.0-11.el7                         base                        260 k

Transaction Summary
=================================================================================================================================
Install  2 Packages

Total download size: 430 k
Installed size: 1.1 M
Downloading packages:
(1/2): unzip-6.0-20.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                        | 170 kB  00:00:00     
(2/2): zip-3.0-11.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                          | 260 kB  00:00:00     
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                                            2.2 MB/s | 430 kB  00:00:00     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : zip-3.0-11.el7.x86_64                                                                                         1/2 
  Installing : unzip-6.0-20.el7.x86_64                                                                                       2/2 
  Verifying  : unzip-6.0-20.el7.x86_64                                                                                       1/2 
  Verifying  : zip-3.0-11.el7.x86_64                                                                                         2/2 

Installed:
  unzip.x86_64 0:6.0-20.el7                                        zip.x86_64 0:3.0-11.el7                                       

Complete!
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install zip unzip

2>.打包并压缩文件文件目录

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 0
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# zip -r ./sysconfig.log /etc/sysconfig/　　　　　　　　　　　　#将"/etc/sysconfig"目录的所有文件(递归)打包到当前目录下的一个叫"sysconfig.log"的文件。
  adding: etc/sysconfig/ (stored 0%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/cpupower (deflated 25%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/man-db (deflated 30%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/grub (deflated 27%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/cbq/ (stored 0%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/cbq/cbq-0000.example (deflated 9%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/cbq/avpkt (stored 0%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/wpa_supplicant (deflated 44%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/run-parts (stored 0%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ (stored 0%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-isdn (deflated 72%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-Team (deflated 44%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-ipv6 (deflated 62%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-tunnel (deflated 44%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-wireless (deflated 49%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo (deflated 25%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-plip (deflated 45%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/init.ipv6-global (deflated 70%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-ipv6 (deflated 70%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-bnep (deflated 47%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-isdn (deflated 54%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-ippp (deflated 72%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-ippp (deflated 54%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-eth (deflated 68%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-routes (deflated 63%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-ppp (deflated 63%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-sit (deflated 62%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-TeamPort (deflated 45%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-ppp (deflated 58%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-bnep (deflated 43%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-post (deflated 57%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/network-functions (deflated 71%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-TeamPort (deflated 50%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 (deflated 22%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-post (deflated 65%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-plusb (deflated 48%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-eth (deflated 64%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-Team (deflated 45%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/network-functions-ipv6 (deflated 79%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-sit (deflated 50%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-routes (deflated 50%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup (deflated 63%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-tunnel (deflated 51%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown (deflated 59%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-aliases (deflated 66%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/console/ (stored 0%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/ip6tables-config (deflated 61%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/sshd (deflated 41%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/ebtables-config (deflated 61%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/authconfig (deflated 47%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/firewalld (stored 0%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/init (deflated 52%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/modules/ (stored 0%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/rsyslog (deflated 23%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/network (stored 0%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/netconsole (deflated 50%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/anaconda (deflated 2%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/irqbalance (deflated 45%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/selinux (deflated 50%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/chronyd (stored 0%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/readonly-root (deflated 50%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/iptables-config (deflated 60%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/crond (deflated 15%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/rdisc (stored 0%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/kdump (deflated 50%)
  adding: etc/sysconfig/kernel (deflated 34%)
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 76
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 76609 Dec 31 04:38 sysconfig.log
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
View Code[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# zip -r ./sysconfig.log /etc/sysconfig/　　　　　　　　　　　　#将"/etc/sysconfig"目录的所有文件(递归)打包到当前目录下的一个叫"sysconfig.log"的文件。

3>.解包压缩文件

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 76
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 76609 Dec 31 04:38 sysconfig.log
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# unzip sysconfig.log 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#解包压缩文件
Archive:  sysconfig.log
   creating: etc/sysconfig/
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/cpupower  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/man-db    
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/grub      
   creating: etc/sysconfig/cbq/
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/cbq/cbq-0000.example  
 extracting: etc/sysconfig/cbq/avpkt  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/wpa_supplicant  
 extracting: etc/sysconfig/run-parts  
   creating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-isdn  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-Team  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-ipv6  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-tunnel  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-wireless  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-plip  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/init.ipv6-global  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-ipv6  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-bnep  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-isdn  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-ippp  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-ippp  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-eth  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-routes  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-ppp  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-sit  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-TeamPort  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-ppp  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-bnep  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-post  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/network-functions  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-TeamPort  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-post  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-plusb  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-eth  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-Team  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/network-functions-ipv6  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-sit  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-routes  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-tunnel  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-aliases  
   creating: etc/sysconfig/console/
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/ip6tables-config  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/sshd      
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/ebtables-config  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/authconfig  
 extracting: etc/sysconfig/firewalld  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/init      
   creating: etc/sysconfig/modules/
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/rsyslog   
 extracting: etc/sysconfig/network   
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/netconsole  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/anaconda  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/irqbalance  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/selinux   
 extracting: etc/sysconfig/chronyd   
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/readonly-root  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/iptables-config  
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/crond     
 extracting: etc/sysconfig/rdisc     
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/kdump     
  inflating: etc/sysconfig/kernel    
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 80
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root  4096 Dec 31 04:42 etc
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 76609 Dec 31 04:38 sysconfig.log
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# du -sh etc
384K    etc
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 80K
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4.0K Dec 31 04:42 etc
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  75K Dec 31 04:38 sysconfig.log
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# unzip sysconfig.log 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#解包压缩文件

4>.将系统日志的内容压缩

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/log/messages 
-rw-------. 1 root root 309152 Dec 31 04:34 /var/log/messages
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h /var/log/messages 
-rw-------. 1 root root 302K Dec 31 04:34 /var/log/messages
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 0
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /var/log/messages | zip messages -　　　　　　#将系统日志的内容进行压缩处理并在当前目录生成一个"messages.zip"的文件
  adding: - (deflated 81%)
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 60
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 59455 Dec 31 04:44 messages.zip
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 60K
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 59K Dec 31 04:44 messages.zip
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /var/log/messages | zip messages -　　　　　　#将系统日志的内容进行压缩处理并在当前目录生成一个"messages.zip"的文件

5>.解包解压缩

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 60
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 59455 Dec 31 04:44 messages.zip
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# unzip -p messages.zip > messages　　　　　　　　　　#解压文件内容并重定向到当前目录到"messages"文件中。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 364
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 309152 Dec 31 04:47 messages
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  59455 Dec 31 04:44 messages.zip
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# unzip -p messages.zip > messages　　　　　　　　　　#解压文件内容并重定向到当前目录到"messages"文件中。

 

posted @ 2019-12-16 23:08  尹正杰  阅读(2008)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报