过滤器模式
过滤器模式(Filter Pattern)或标准模式(Criteria Pattern)是一种设计模式,这种模式允许开发人员使用不同的标准来过滤一组对象,通过逻辑运算以解耦的方式把它们连接起来。这种类型的设计模式属于结构型模式,它结合多个标准来获得单一标准。
实现
我们将创建一个 Person 对象、Criteria 接口和实现了该接口的实体类,来过滤 Person 对象的列表。CriteriaPatternDemo,我们的演示类使用 Criteria 对象,基于各种标准和它们的结合来过滤 Person 对象的列表。
步骤 1
创建一个类,在该类上应用标准。
Person.java
public class Person {
private String name;
private String gender;
private String maritalStatus;
public Person(String name,String gender,String maritalStatus){
this.name = name;
this.gender = gender;
this.maritalStatus = maritalStatus;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public String getMaritalStatus() {
return maritalStatus;
}
}
步骤 2
为标准(Criteria)创建一个接口。
Criteria.java
import java.util.List;
public interface Criteria {
public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons);
}
步骤 3
创建实现了 Criteria 接口的实体类。
CriteriaMale.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class CriteriaMale implements Criteria {
@Override
public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
List<Person> malePersons = new ArrayList<Person>();
for (Person person : persons) {
if(person.getGender().equalsIgnoreCase("MALE")){
malePersons.add(person);
}
}
return malePersons;
}
}
CriteriaFemale.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class CriteriaFemale implements Criteria {
@Override
public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
List<Person> femalePersons = new ArrayList<Person>();
for (Person person : persons) {
if(person.getGender().equalsIgnoreCase("FEMALE")){
femalePersons.add(person);
}
}
return femalePersons;
}
}
CriteriaSingle.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class CriteriaSingle implements Criteria {
@Override
public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
List<Person> singlePersons = new ArrayList<Person>();
for (Person person : persons) {
if(person.getMaritalStatus().equalsIgnoreCase("SINGLE")){
singlePersons.add(person);
}
}
return singlePersons;
}
}
AndCriteria.java
import java.util.List;
public class AndCriteria implements Criteria {
private Criteria criteria;
private Criteria otherCriteria;
public AndCriteria(Criteria criteria, Criteria otherCriteria) {
this.criteria = criteria;
this.otherCriteria = otherCriteria;
}
@Override
public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
List<Person> firstCriteriaPersons = criteria.meetCriteria(persons);
return otherCriteria.meetCriteria(firstCriteriaPersons);
}
}
OrCriteria.java
import java.util.List;
public class OrCriteria implements Criteria {
private Criteria criteria;
private Criteria otherCriteria;
public OrCriteria(Criteria criteria, Criteria otherCriteria) {
this.criteria = criteria;
this.otherCriteria = otherCriteria;
}
@Override
public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
List<Person> firstCriteriaItems = criteria.meetCriteria(persons);
List<Person> otherCriteriaItems = otherCriteria.meetCriteria(persons);
for (Person person : otherCriteriaItems) {
if(!firstCriteriaItems.contains(person)){
firstCriteriaItems.add(person);
}
}
return firstCriteriaItems;
}
}
步骤4
使用不同的标准(Criteria)和它们的结合来过滤 Person 对象的列表。
CriteriaPatternDemo.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class CriteriaPatternDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Person> persons = new ArrayList<Person>();
persons.add(new Person("Robert","Male", "Single"));
persons.add(new Person("John","Male", "Married"));
persons.add(new Person("Laura","Female", "Married"));
persons.add(new Person("Diana","Female", "Single"));
persons.add(new Person("Mike","Male", "Single"));
persons.add(new Person("Bobby","Male", "Single"));
Criteria male = new CriteriaMale();
Criteria female = new CriteriaFemale();
Criteria single = new CriteriaSingle();
Criteria singleMale = new AndCriteria(single, male);
Criteria singleOrFemale = new OrCriteria(single, female);
System.out.println("Males: ");
printPersons(male.meetCriteria(persons));
System.out.println("\nFemales: ");
printPersons(female.meetCriteria(persons));
System.out.println("\nSingle Males: ");
printPersons(singleMale.meetCriteria(persons));
System.out.