搭建SpringMVC——最小化配置
Spring MVC的最小化配置
需要的jar包
- Spring framework spring-context
- Spring framework spring-mvc
具体可以参考maven中的引用:
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency>
web.xml配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="3.1" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value> <!-- 默认是/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml --> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class> </listener> <servlet> <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/SpringMVC-servlet.xml</param-value> <!-- 默认是/WEB-INF/[servlet名字]-servlet.xml --> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
其中,必要的配置就是指定servlet和listener.
- ContextLoaderListener指定了IOC容器初始化的方法
- DispatcherServlet则定义了mvc的相关内容,并配置拦截的url,如上面所示,所有/开头的请求,都会通过SpringMVC这个servlet进行处理。
他们都需要一个xml文件,默认位置上面已经说过了。
applicationContext.xml
空的,反正咱也没用什么bean。
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"> </beans>
SpringMVC-servlet.xml
里面放一个扫描controller的配置即可。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd"> <!-- 设置使用注解的类所在的jar包 --> <context:component-scan base-package="hello" /> </beans>
controller文件
package hello; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; @Controller public class HelloController { @RequestMapping("/hello") public @ResponseBody String test() { return "hello, world! This com from spring!"; } }
总结一下:
1 两个maven依赖,spring-context;spring-mvc。maven就会自动下载所有关联的jar包,包括
- spring-webmvc
- spring-beans
- spring-core
- spring-expression
- spring-web
- spring-context
- spring-aop
- aopalliance
- commons-logging
2 一个web.xml文件,配置了listener和servlet
3 两个spring相关的文件,applicationContext.xml和servletName-servlet.xml
4 一个controller文件,配置了拦截的url处理代码
有了这些准备工作,运行后输入
http://localhost:8080/SpringTest/hello
就能得到
hello, world! This com from spring!
这样的信息,恭喜你的SpringMVC搭起来了!