多线程详解

多线程

1.线程简介

image-20220306175325826

image-20220306175532113

image-20220306175654401

2.线程创建(重点)

1.集成Thread类(重点)

image-20220306175925184

package com.jihu.Thread01;

//创建多线程方式一: 继承Thread类,重写run()方法,调用start开启线程
//总结: 注意,线程开启不一定立即执行,由CPU调度执行
public class Demo01 extends Thread {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        //run方法线程体
        for (int i = 0; i < 200; i++) {
            System.out.println("我是run方法");
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //main线程,主线程

        //创建一个线程对象
        Demo01 demo01 = new Demo01();
        //调用start()方法开启线程
        demo01.start();

        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            System.out.println("我在学习多线程");
        }
    }
}
输出结果: (部分代码)
我在学习多线程
我在学习多线程
我是run方法
我是run方法
我是run方法
我是run方法
我在学习多线程
我在学习多线程
我在学习多线程
我在学习多线程
网络图片下载 案例

​ 需要导入 commons-io-2.6.jar这个包

package com.jihu.Thread01;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;

//练习Thread,实现多线程同步下载图片
public class TestThread02 extends Thread {
        private String url;  //网络图片地址
        private String name;  //保存的文件名
    public TestThread02(String url,String name){
        this.url = url;
        this.name= name;
    }
  //下载图片线程的执行体
    @Override
    public void run() {
        WebDownLoader webDownLoader = new WebDownLoader();
        webDownLoader.downloader(url,name);
        System.out.println("下载了文件名为:"+name);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        TestThread02 t1 = new TestThread02("https://148342yin-1316298725.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com/images/blog/20220306175925.png","1.png");
        TestThread02 t2 = new TestThread02("https://148342yin-1316298725.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com/images/blog/20220306175654.png","2.png");
        TestThread02 t3 = new TestThread02("https://148342yin-1316298725.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com/images/blog/20220305194641.jpg","3.jpg");

        t1.start();
        t2.start();
        t3.start();
    }


}

//下载器
class WebDownLoader{
    //下载方法
    public void downloader(String url,String name){
        try {
            FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url),new File(name));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println("IO异常,Downloader方法出现问题");
        }
    }

}
输出结果:
下载了文件名为:1.png
下载了文件名为:3.jpg
下载了文件名为:2.png

2.实现Runnable(重点)

package com.jihu.Thread01;

//创建线程方式2:实现Runnable接口,重写run方法,执行线程需要丢入runnable接口实现类,调用start方法
public class TestThread03 implements Runnable {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            //run方法线程体
            System.out.println("我是run()方法");
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建runnable接口的实现类对象
        TestThread03 testThread03 = new TestThread03();
        //创建线程对象,通过线程对象来开启我们的线程,代理
             //  Thread thread = new Thread();
             //   thread.start();
        new Thread(testThread03).start();

        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            System.out.println("我在学习多线程");
        }
    }

}
输出结果
我在学习多线程
我在学习多线程
我是run()方法
我是run()方法
我是run()方法
在学习多线程
在学习多线程    

小结

image-20220306203345744

3.初识并发问题

并发案例

package com.jihu.Thread01;
//多个线程同时操作同一个对象
//买火车票的例子

//发现问题:多个线程操作同一个资源的情况下,线程不安全,数据紊乱
public class TestThread04 implements Runnable {

    //票数
    private int ticketNums = 10;

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (true){
            if (ticketNums <= 0) {
                break;
            }
            //模拟延迟
            try {
                Thread.sleep(200);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "-->拿到了第"+ticketNums--+"票");
        }

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        TestThread04 testThread04 = new TestThread04();
        new Thread(testThread04,"小明").start();
        new Thread(testThread04,"老师").start();
        new Thread(testThread04,"张三").start();
    }
}
输出结果
张三-->拿到了第8票
老师-->拿到了第9票
老师-->拿到了第6票
老师-->拿到了第5票
老师-->拿到了第4票
老师-->拿到了第3票
老师-->拿到了第2票
老师-->拿到了第1票
张三-->拿到了第3票
小明-->拿到了第10票
张三-->拿到了第7票

龟兔赛跑案例

package com.jihu.Thread01;
//模拟龟兔赛跑
public class Race implements Runnable {
    //胜利者
    private static String winner;

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++) {
            //模拟兔子休息
            if (Thread.currentThread().getName().equals("兔子") && i%10==0){
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(10);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            //判断比赛是否结束
            Boolean flag = gameover(i);
            //如果比较结束了,就停止程序
            if (flag){
                break;
            }

            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->跑了"+i+"步");
        }

    }

    //判断是否完成比赛
    public Boolean  gameover(int steps){
        //判断是否有胜利者
        if (winner != null){  //已经存在胜利者了
            return true;
        }
        if (steps >=100){
            winner = Thread.currentThread().getName();
            System.out.println("winner is :"+winner);
            return  true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Race race = new Race();
        new Thread(race,"乌龟").start();
        new Thread(race,"兔子").start();

    }
}
输出结果
乌龟-->跑了97步
乌龟-->跑了98步
乌龟-->跑了99步
winner is :乌龟

4.实现Callable接口(了解)

image-20220306213237309

案例

package com.jihu.Demo02;


import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.concurrent.*;

//线程创建方式三: 实现callable接口
/*
    callable的好处
       1.可以定义返回值
       2.可以抛出异常
 */
public class TestCallable implements Callable<Boolean> {
    private String url;  //网络图片地址
    private String name;  //保存的文件名
    public TestCallable(String url,String name){
        this.url = url;
        this.name= name;
    }

    //下载图片线程的执行体
    @Override
    public Boolean call() {
        WebDownLoader webDownLoader = new WebDownLoader();
        webDownLoader.downloader(url,name);
        System.out.println("下载了文件名为:"+name);
        return true;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        TestCallable t1 = new TestCallable("https://148342yin-1316298725.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com/images/blog/20220306175925.png","1.png");
        TestCallable t2 = new TestCallable("https://148342yin-1316298725.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com/images/blog/20220306175654.png","2.png");
        TestCallable t3 = new TestCallable("https://148342yin-1316298725.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com/images/blog/20220305194641.jpg","3.jpg");

        //创建执行服务
        ExecutorService ser = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
        //提交执行
        Future<Boolean> r1 = (Future<Boolean>) ser.submit(t1);
        Future<Boolean> r2= (Future<Boolean>) ser.submit(t2);
        Future<Boolean> r3 = (Future<Boolean>) ser.submit(t3);
        //获取结果
        Boolean rs1 = r1.get();
        Boolean rs2 = r2.get();
        Boolean rs3 = r3.get();

        System.out.println(rs1);  //true
        System.out.println(rs2);  //true
        System.out.println(rs3);  //true
        //关闭服务
        ser.shutdownNow();

    }

}
//下载器
class WebDownLoader{
    //下载方法
    public void downloader(String url,String name){
        try {
            FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url),new File(name));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println("IO异常,Downloader方法出现问题");
        }
    }

}
输出结果:
下载了文件名为:1.png
下载了文件名为:3.jpg
下载了文件名为:2.png
true
true
true

3.静态代理模式

婚庆公司的案例

package com.jihu.Demo02;

/*
    静态代理模式总结:
      真实对象和dialing对象都要实现同一个接口
      代理对象要代理真实角色
 */
/* 好处:
     代理对象可以做很多真实对象做不了的事情
     真实对象专注做自己的事情
 */
public class StacticProxy {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //You you = new You();
        //WeddingCompany weddingCompany = new WeddingCompany(you);
        
 		new Thread( ()-> System.out.println("我爱你")).start();
        WeddingCompany weddingCompany = new WeddingCompany(new You());
        weddingCompany.HappyMarry();
    }

}

interface Marry{

    void HappyMarry();
}
//真实角色,你去结婚
class You implements Marry{
    @Override
    public void HappyMarry() {
        System.out.println("老师我要结婚了,超开森");
    }
}
//代理角色,帮助你结婚
class WeddingCompany implements Marry{
    //代理谁 --> 真实目标角色
    private Marry target;

    public WeddingCompany(Marry target) {
        this.target = target;
    }

    @Override
    public void HappyMarry() {
        before();
        this.target.HappyMarry();  //这就是真实对象。
        after();
    }

    private void after() {
        System.out.println("结婚之后,收尾款");
    }

    private void before() {
        System.out.println("结婚之前,布置现场");
    }
}
输出结果:
我爱你
结婚之前,布置现场
老师我要结婚了,超开森
结婚之后,收尾款

4.Lamda表达式

image-20220306220554227

image-20220306220626710

案例1:

package com.jihu.lamda;

//推到lamda表达式
public class TestLamda {
    //3.静态内部类
    static  class Like2 implements  ILike{
        @Override
        public void lamda() {
            System.out.println(" i like lamda2");
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ILike like = new Like();
        like.lamda();

        Like2 like2 = new Like2();
        like2.lamda();

        //4.局部内部类
        class Like3 implements  ILike{
            @Override
            public void lamda() {
                System.out.println(" i like lamda3");
            }
        }

        Like3 like3 = new Like3();
        like3.lamda();

        //5.匿名内部类,没有类的名称,必须借助接口或者父类
        like = new ILike() {
            @Override
            public void lamda() {
                System.out.println(" i like lamda4");
            }
        };
        like.lamda();

        //6.用lamda简化
        like =() ->{
            System.out.println(" i like lamda5");
        };
        like.lamda();

    }

}

//1.定义一个函数式接口
interface  ILike{
    void lamda();
}
//2.实现类
class Like implements   ILike{
    @Override
    public void lamda() {
        System.out.println(" i like lamda");
    }
}

输出结果
 i like lamda
 i like lamda2
 i like lamda3
 i like lamda4
 i like lamda5

案例2

package com.jihu.lamda;
/*总结
        lamda表达式只能有一行代码的情况下才能简化成为一行,如果有多行,那么就用代码块包裹。
         前提是接口为函数式接口
         多个参数也可以去掉参数类型,要去掉就都去掉,必须加上括号
 */
public class TestLamda2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Ilove love = null;
    /*    class Love implements Ilove{
            @Override
            public void love(int a) {
                System.out.println(" i love you "+a);
            }
        }*/

        //1.lamda表示简化
       /* love = (int a)-> {
                System.out.println(" i love you "+a);
        };*/
        //.简化1.  参数类型
        love = (a)->{
            System.out.println(" i love you "+a);
        };
        //简化2.  简化括号
       /* love = a->{
            System.out.println(" i love you "+a);
            System.out.println(" i love you -->too ");
        };*/
        //简化3. 去掉花括号
        love = a -> System.out.println(" i love you "+a);
        love.love(520);
        
        
        /*总结
            lamda表达式只能有一行代码的情况下才能简化成为一行,如果有多行,那么就用代码块包裹。
            前提是接口为函数式接口
            多个参数也可以去掉参数类型,要去掉就都去掉,必须加上括号
         */
          
    }
}

interface Ilove{
    void  love(int a);
}

输出结果
  i love you 520

案例3

package com.jihu.lamda;

public class TestLamda3 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        car car=(a,b,c)->System.out.println("购买的汽车"+a+b+c);
        car.buychar(10,54,78);
    }
}
interface car{
    void buychar(int a,int b,int c);
}
输出结果:
购买的汽车105478

3.线程状态

线程状态概况:

image-20220306225516881

image-20220306225538837

image-20220306225555561

1.线程停止

image-20220306231103101

package com.jihu.state;

/* 测试 stop
    1.建议线程正常停止 --> 利用次数,不建议死循环
    2.建议使用标志位 -->  设置一个标志位
    3.不要使用stop或者destroy 等过时或者JDK不建议使用的方法
 */
public class TestStop implements Runnable {
    //1.设置一个标识位
    private  boolean flag = true;

    @Override
    public void run() {
        int i =0;
        while (flag){
            System.out.println("run ... Thread"+ i++);
        }
    }

    //2.设置一个公开的方法停止线程,转换标志位
    public void stop(){
        this.flag = false;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        TestStop testStop = new TestStop();
        new Thread(testStop).start();

        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            System.out.println("main"+i);
            //调用stop方法切换标志位,让线程停止
            if (i==900){
                testStop.stop();
                System.out.println("线程该停止了");
            }
        }

    }
}

输出结果:
main898
run ... Thread2338
main899
run ... Thread2339
main900
run ... Thread2340
run ... Thread2341
线程该停止了
main901
main902
main997
main998
main999

2.线程休眠_sleep

image-20220306231406055

package com.jihu.state;

import com.jihu.Thread01.TestThread04;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;


//模拟倒计时
public class TestSleep2  {

    public static void main(String[] args)  {

       /* try {
            tenDown();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        */

        //打印当前系统时间
        Date startTime = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()); //获取系统当前时间
        while (true){
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
                System.out.println(new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss").format(startTime));
                startTime = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()); //更新当前时间
            } catch (Exception exception) {
                exception.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    }


    //模拟倒计时
    public static void tenDown() throws InterruptedException {
        int num = 10;
        while (true){
            Thread.sleep(1000);  //1000等于1毫秒
            System.out.println(num--);
            if (num<=0){
                break;
            }
        }
    }
}
输出结果:
23:27:41
23:27:42
23:27:43
23:27:44
23:27:45
23:27:46
23:27:47

3.线程礼让_yield

image-20220306234804059

package com.jihu.state;

//测试礼让线程
//礼让不一定成功,看CPU心情
public class TestYield {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyYield myYield = new MyYield();

        new Thread(myYield,"A").start();
        new Thread(myYield,"B").start();
    }
}

class MyYield implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":start");
        Thread.yield(); //礼让
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":end");
    }
}
输出结果:
B:start
A:start
B:end
A:end

4.线程强制执行_join

join合并线程,待此线程执行完成后,再执行其他线程,其他线程阻塞

可以想象为插队

package com.jihu.state;
//测试join方法  想象为插队
public class TestJoin implements Runnable{

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            System.out.println("线程vip来了"+i);
        }
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        //启动我们的线程
        TestJoin testJoin = new TestJoin();
        Thread thread = new Thread(testJoin);
        thread.start();

        //主线程
        for (int i = 0; i < 300; i++) {
            if (i==200){
               thread.join(); //插队
            }
            System.out.println("main:"+i);
        }

    }
}
输出结果
线程vip来了996
线程vip来了997
线程vip来了998
线程vip来了999
main:200
main:201
main:202
main:203
main:204
main:205    

5.观测线程状态

image-20220307085316597

package com.jihu.state;

//观察测试线程的状态
public class TestState {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Thread thread = new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            System.out.println("///////");
        });

        //观察状态
        Thread.State state = thread.getState();
        System.out.println(state);  //New

        //观察启动后
        thread.start();  //启动线程
        state = thread.getState();
        System.out.println(state);  //Run

        while (Thread.State.TERMINATED != state){
            Thread.sleep(100);
            state  = thread.getState(); //更新线程状态
            System.out.println(state);  //输出状态
        }
    }
}
输出结果:
NEW
RUNNABLE
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
///////
TERMINATED

6.线程的优先级

image-20220307092811058

package com.jihu.state;
//测试线程的优先级
public class TestPriority  {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //主线程默认优先级
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--->"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());

        MyPriority myPriority = new MyPriority();
        Thread t1 = new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread t2 = new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread t3 = new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread t4 = new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread t5 = new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread t6 = new Thread(myPriority);

        //先设置优先级,在启动
        t1.start();

        t2.setPriority(1);
        t2.start();

        t3.setPriority(4);
        t3.start();

        t4.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);  //MAX_PRIORITY=10
        t4.start();

        t5.setPriority(8);
        t5.start();

        t6.setPriority(7);
        t6.start();
    }


}

class MyPriority implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--->"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
    }
}
输出结果:
main--->5
Thread-3--->10
Thread-4--->8
Thread-5--->7
Thread-2--->4
Thread-0--->5
Thread-1--->1

7.守护线程(daemon)

image-20220307093430644

package com.jihu.state;
//测试守护线程
//上帝守护你
public class TestDaemon {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        God god = new God();
        You you = new You();

        Thread thread = new Thread(god);
        thread.setDaemon(true); //默认是false表示是用户线程,正常的线程都是用户线程..

        thread.start();//开启上帝线程启动

        new Thread(you).start(); //你   用户线程启动
    }
}

//上帝
class God implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("上帝一直保佑着你!");
    }
}

//你
class You implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 365; i++) {
            System.out.println("你一生都开心的活着!");
        }
        System.out.println("============goodbye  world!===============");
    }
}
输出结果:
你一生都开心的活着!
你一生都开心的活着!
你一生都开心的活着!
你一生都开心的活着!
你一生都开心的活着!
你一生都开心的活着!
你一生都开心的活着!
你一生都开心的活着!
============goodbye  world!===============
上帝一直保佑着你!

4.线程同步(重点)

image-20220307094917425

1.三大不安全案例

案例1

package com.jihu.syn;
//不安全的买票
//线程不安全  有负数
public class UnSafeBuyTicket {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BuyTicket station = new BuyTicket();

        new Thread(station,"苦逼的我").start();
        new Thread(station,"牛逼的你们").start();
        new Thread(station,"可恶的黄牛党").start();

    }
}

class BuyTicket implements Runnable{
    //票
    private  int ticketNums = 10;
    Boolean flag = true;  //外部停止方式
    @Override
    public void run() {
        //买票
        while (flag){
            try {
                buy();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    private void buy() throws InterruptedException {
        //判断是否有票
        if (ticketNums <= 0){
            flag = false;
            return;
        }
        //模拟延迟
        Thread.sleep(1000);

        //买票
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"拿到"+ticketNums--);
    }
}

输出结果
牛逼的你们拿到9
可恶的黄牛党拿到10
苦逼的我拿到8
苦逼的我拿到7
可恶的黄牛党拿到6
牛逼的你们拿到5
可恶的黄牛党拿到3
苦逼的我拿到2
牛逼的你们拿到4
牛逼的你们拿到0
可恶的黄牛党拿到1
苦逼的我拿到-1    

案例2

package com.jihu.syn;
//不安全的取钱
//两个人去银行取钱, 账户
public class UnSafeBank {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //账户
        Acount acount = new Acount(100,"结婚基金");

        Bank you = new Bank(acount,50,"你");
        Bank youwife = new Bank(acount,100,"你妻子");


        you.start();
        youwife.start();


    }
}

//账户
class Acount{
    int money; //余额
    String name; //卡名

    public Acount(int money, String name) {
        this.money = money;
        this.name = name;
    }
}

//银行:模拟取款
class  Bank extends  Thread{
    Acount acount;  //账户
    //取了多少钱
    int drawingMoney;
    //现在手里有多少钱
    int nowMoney;

    public Bank(Acount acount,int drawingMoney,String name){
        super(name);
        this.acount = acount;
        this.drawingMoney = drawingMoney;

    }

    //取钱
    @Override
    public void run() {
        //判断有没有钱
        if (acount.money - drawingMoney <0){
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"钱不够,取不了");
        }
        //sleep可以放大问题的发生性
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        //卡内余额 = 余额-你取的钱
        acount.money = acount.money - drawingMoney;
        //你手里的钱
        nowMoney = nowMoney + drawingMoney;

        System.out.println(acount.name + "余额为:"+acount.money);

        //Thread.currentThread().getName()  == this.getName()
        System.out.println(this.getName() + "手里的钱:"+nowMoney);

    }
}
输出结果:
结婚基金余额为:50
你手里的钱:50
你妻子钱不够,取不了

案例3

package com.jihu.syn;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

//线程不安全的集合
public class UnSafeList {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();

        try {
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            new Thread(()->{
                list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }).start();
        }
        
        System.out.println(list.size());
    }
}
输出结果:
996

2.同步方法及同步块

image-20220307105626381

image-20220307111157319

把前面三个案例改为同步

案例一

//synchronized  同步方法,锁的是this
private synchronized void buy() throws InterruptedException {
    //判断是否有票
    if (ticketNums <= 0){
        flag = false;
        return;
    }
    //模拟延迟
    Thread.sleep(1000);

    //买票
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"拿到"+ticketNums--);
}

案例二

//取钱
//synchronized  默认锁的是this
@Override
public void run() {

      //同步块
     //锁的对象就是变化的量, 需要增删改的对象
    synchronized (acount){
        //判断有没有钱
        if (acount.money - drawingMoney <0){
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"钱不够,取不了");
            return;
        }
        //sleep可以放大问题的发生性
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        //卡内余额 = 余额-你取的钱
        acount.money = acount.money - drawingMoney;
        //你手里的钱
        nowMoney = nowMoney + drawingMoney;

        System.out.println(acount.name + "余额为:"+acount.money);

        //Thread.currentThread().getName()  == this.getName()
        System.out.println(this.getName() + "手里的钱:"+nowMoney);

    }
    }

案例三

//线程不安全的集合
public class UnSafeList {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();

        try {
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            new Thread(()->{
				//synchronized 锁住list
                synchronized (list){
                    list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }
            }).start();
        }

        System.out.println(list.size());
    }

}

3.JUC安全类型的集合 (CopyOnWriteArrayList)

package com.jihu.syn;

import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;

//测试JUC安全类型的集合
public class TestJUC {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CopyOnWriteArrayList<String> list = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();

        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            new Thread(()->{
                list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }).start();
        }
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        System.out.println(list.size());
    }
}
输出结果:
1000    

4.死锁

image-20220307113109445

package com.jihu.Thread05;
//死锁: 多个线程互相抱着对方需要的资源,然后形成僵持
public class DeadLock {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Makeup makeup = new Makeup(0,"灰姑娘");
        Makeup makeup2 = new Makeup(1,"白雪公主");

        makeup.start();
        makeup2.start();

    }

}

//口红
class Lipstick{

}
//镜子
class  Mirror{

}

class Makeup extends  Thread{
    //需要的资源只有一份,用static来保证只有一份
    static Lipstick lipstick = new Lipstick();
    static Mirror mirror = new Mirror();

    int choice;  //选择
    String girlName;  //使用化妆品的人

    public Makeup(int choice,String girlName){
        this.choice = choice;
        this.girlName = girlName;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
       //化妆
        try {
            makeup();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
    //化妆,互相持有对方的锁,就是需要拿到对方的资源
    private void makeup() throws InterruptedException {
        if (choice == 0) {
            synchronized (lipstick) { //获得口红的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得口红的锁");
                Thread.sleep(1000);
                synchronized (mirror) { //1秒中后获得镜子的锁
                    System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得镜子的锁");
                }
            }
        }else {
            synchronized (mirror) { //获得镜子的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得镜子的锁");
                Thread.sleep(2000);
                synchronized (lipstick) { //2秒中后获得口红的锁
                    System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得口红的锁");
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
输出结果:    //会发生死锁
灰姑娘获得口红的锁
白雪公主获得镜子的锁
//这样会解除死锁

//化妆,互相持有对方的锁,就是需要拿到对方的资源
private void makeup() throws InterruptedException {
    if (choice == 0) {
        synchronized (lipstick) { //获得口红的锁
            System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得口红的锁");
            Thread.sleep(1000);

        }
        synchronized (mirror) { //1秒中后获得镜子的锁      ////这样会解除死锁
            System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得镜子的锁");
        }
    }else {
        synchronized (mirror) { //获得镜子的锁
            System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得镜子的锁");
            Thread.sleep(2000);

        }
        synchronized (lipstick) { //2秒中后获得口红的锁
            System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得口红的锁");
        }
    }
}
输出结果:  ////这样会解除死锁
灰姑娘获得口红的锁
白雪公主获得镜子的锁
白雪公主获得口红的锁
灰姑娘获得镜子的锁    

image-20220307114735358

5.Lock锁

image-20220307130617737

image-20220307130720373

package com.jihu.Thread05;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

public class TestLock {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BuyTicket buyTicket = new BuyTicket();

         new Thread(buyTicket,"a").start();
         new Thread(buyTicket,"c").start();
         new Thread(buyTicket,"b").start();

    }

}

class BuyTicket implements Runnable{

    int TicketNums = 10;
    //定义lock锁
      private ReentrantLock lock =  new ReentrantLock();

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (true){
            try {
                lock.lock(); //加锁
                if (TicketNums >0){
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"获得了"+ TicketNums--+"票");
                }else{
                    break;
                }
            } finally {
                lock.unlock();  //解锁
            }
        }
    }
}

输出结果
a获得了10票
a获得了9票
c获得了8票
b获得了7票
a获得了6票
a获得了5票
c获得了4票
b获得了3票
a获得了2票
a获得了1票    

6.synchronized与lock的对比

image-20220307130759896

5.线程协作

1.生产者消费者问题

image-20220307151821447

image-20220307151708951

2.解决方式1 -->管程法

image-20220307151849278

package com.jihu.gaoji;
//测试: 生产者消费者模型 -> 利用缓冲区解决:  管程法
//生产者 , 消费者 ,  产品,  缓冲区
public class TestPC {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SynContainer container = new SynContainer();

        new Productor(container).start();
        new Customer(container).start();
    }

}

//生产者
class Productor extends Thread{
    SynContainer container;
    public  Productor(SynContainer container){
        this.container = container;
    }

    //生产
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            container.push(new Chicken(i));
            System.out.println("生产了"+i+"只鸡");
        }
    }
}

//消费者
class  Customer extends  Thread{
    SynContainer container;
    public  Customer(SynContainer container){
        this.container = container;
    }

    //消费
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            System.out.println("消费了-->"+container.pop().id+"只鸡");
        }
    }
}
//产品
class Chicken{
    int id; //产品编号

    public Chicken(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
}

//缓冲区
class SynContainer{
    //需要一个容器大小
    Chicken[] chickens = new Chicken[10];
    //容器计数器
    int count = 0;

    //生产者放入产品
    public synchronized void  push(Chicken chicken){
        //如果容器满了,就需要等待消费者消费
        if (count ==chickens.length){
            //通知消费者消费,生产者等待
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        //如果没有满,我们就需要丢入产品
        chickens[count++] = chicken;

        //可以通知消费者消费了
        this.notifyAll();
    }

    //消费者消费产品
    public  synchronized Chicken  pop(){
        //判断是否能消费
        if (count == 0 ){
            //等待生产者生产,消费者等待
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        //如果可以消费
        count--;
        Chicken chicken = chickens[count];

        //吃完了,通知生产者生产
        this.notifyAll();
        return chicken;
    }

}

输出结果
消费了-->75只鸡
生产了76只鸡
消费了-->76只鸡
生产了77只鸡
消费了-->77只鸡
生产了78只鸡
消费了-->78只鸡
生产了79只鸡
消费了-->79只鸡
生产了80只鸡
消费了-->80只鸡

3.解决方式2 -->信号灯法

image-20220307151941889

package com.jihu.gaoji;
//测试生产者消费者问题2: 信号灯法,标志位解决
public class TestPC2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        TV tv = new TV();
        new  Player(tv).start();
        new Watcher(tv).start();

    }

}

//生产者-->演员
class Player extends Thread{
    TV tv;
    public Player(TV tv) {
        this.tv = tv;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            if (i%2==0){
                this.tv.play("快乐大本营播放中");
            }else {
                this.tv.play("抖音:记录美好生活");
            }
        }
    }
}
//消费者-->观众
class Watcher extends Thread{
    TV tv;
    public Watcher(TV tv) {
        this.tv = tv;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            tv.watch();
        }
    }
}

//产品-->节目
class TV{
    //演员表演,观众等待 T
    //观众观看,演员等待 F
    String voice; //表演的节目
    boolean flag = true;

    //表演
    public synchronized void play(String voice){
       if (!flag){
           try {
               this.wait();
           } catch (InterruptedException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
           }
       }

        System.out.println("演员表演了:"+voice);
        //通知观众观看
        this.notifyAll();  //通知唤醒
        this.voice = voice;
        this.flag = !this.flag;
    }

    //观看
    public synchronized void  watch(){
        if (flag){
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        System.out.println("观看了:"+voice);
        //通知演员表演
        this.notifyAll();
        this.flag = !this.flag;
    }
}
输出结果:
演员表演了:快乐大本营播放中
观看了:快乐大本营播放中
演员表演了:抖音:记录美好生活
观看了:抖音:记录美好生活
演员表演了:快乐大本营播放中
观看了:快乐大本营播放中
演员表演了:抖音:记录美好生活
观看了:抖音:记录美好生活
演员表演了:快乐大本营播放中
观看了:快乐大本营播放中

4.线程池

image-20220307143352173

image-20220307143428756

package com.jihu.gaoji;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

//测试线程池
public class TestPool {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //1.创建服务,创建线程池
        //newFixedThreadPool  参数为:线程池大小
        ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);

        //执行
        service.execute(new MyThread());
        service.execute(new MyThread());
        service.execute(new MyThread());
        service.execute(new MyThread());

        //2.关闭连接
        service.shutdownNow();
    }

}
class MyThread implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
       /* for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+i);
        }*/
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }
}
输出结果:
pool-1-thread-1
pool-1-thread-4
pool-1-thread-2
pool-1-thread-3

5.总结

package com.jihu.gaoji;

import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask;

public class Demo03 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        /*MyThread1 myThread = new MyThread1();
        myThread.start();*/
        new MyThread1().start();

        new Thread(new MyThread2()).start();

        FutureTask<Integer> futureTask = new FutureTask<Integer>(new MyThread3());
        new Thread(futureTask).start();

        try {
            Integer integer = futureTask.get();
            System.out.println(integer);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

//1.继承Thread类
class MyThread1 extends Thread{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("MyThread1");
    }
}

//2.实现Runnable接口
class MyThread2 implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("MyThread2");
    }
}

//3.实现Runnable接口
class MyThread3 implements Callable<Integer>{
    @Override
    public Integer call() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("MyThread3");
        return 100;
    }
}
输出结果:
MyThread1
MyThread2
MyThread3
100
posted @ 2022-03-07 19:13  爲誰心殇  阅读(211)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报
>