log_format是指存储日志的时候所采用的格式,可以在/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf的http字段中设置

下面是一个典型的log_format设置

log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

其中

1.$remote_addr 与$http_x_forwarded_for 用以记录客户端的ip地址;
 2.$remote_user :用来记录客户端用户名称;
 3.$time_local : 用来记录访问时间与时区;
 4.$request : 用来记录请求的url与http协议;
 5.$status : 用来记录请求状态;成功是200,
 6.$body_bytes_s ent :记录发送给客户端文件主体内容大小;
 7.$http_referer :用来记录从那个页面链接访问过来的;
 8.$http_user_agent :记录客户端浏览器的相关信息

在http字段中设置了之后还需要在server字段中采用如下

server {
        listen       80;

        access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

//省略部分代码
    }

这样就可以在写入日志的时候采用main的格式了

下面是一些从access.log里面提取的访问日志

220.181.108.169 - - [03/Apr/2015:19:07:52 +0800] "GET /feed HTTP/1.1" 499 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Baiduspider/2.0; +http://www.baidu.com/search/spider.html)" "-"
27.159.224.22 - - [03/Apr/2015:19:10:51 +0800] "GET /p/5180.html HTTP/1.1" 499 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1) ; .NET CLR 2.0.50727 ; .NET CLR 4.0.30319)" "-"
207.46.13.112 - - [03/Apr/2015:19:11:28 +0800] "GET /p/11436.html/feed HTTP/1.1" 499 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; bingbot/2.0; +http://www.bing.com/bingbot.htm)" "-"
123.118.249.160 - - [03/Apr/2015:19:11:48 +0800] "GET /register.php#breadCrumb HTTP/1.1" 404 27 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:15.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/15.0.1" "-"
123.118.249.160 - - [03/Apr/2015:19:11:48 +0800] "GET /register.php HTTP/1.1" 404 27 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:15.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/15.0.1" "-"