由setTimeout()里的this引出的this

example 1:

window.id='windowid';
function M(){
    this.id='Mid';
    this.f1=function(){console.log(this.id);}; 
    this.f2=function(){
        setTimeout(this.f1,5000);
        };
}  
var m=new M(); 
m.f2();        //'windowid'

example 2:

window.id='windowid';
function M(){
    this.id='Mid';
    this.f1=function(){console.log(this.id);}; 
    this.f2=function(){
        setTimeout(function(){this.f1();},5000);
        };
}  
var m=new M(); 
m.f2();        //Error: undefined is not a function 

example 3:

 window.id='windowid';
 function M(){
     this.id='Mid';
     this.f1=function(){console.log(this.id);}; 
     this.f2=function(){
         var that=this;
         setTimeout(that.f1,5000);
         };
 }  
 var m=new M(); 
 m.f2();        //'windowid'    

example 4:

 window.id='windowid';
 function M(){
     this.id='Mid';
     this.f1=function(){console.log(this.id);}; 
     this.f2=function(){
         var that=this;
         setTimeout(function(){that.f1();},5000);
         };
 }  
 var m=new M(); 
 m.f2();        //'Mid'

setTimeout(fun,time)中的fun是在全局对象:`window`下执行的。example3和example4的区别在于:

example3相当于在全局下执行:

(function(){console.log(this.id);})(); //this-->global object:window

example4相当于在全局下执行:

(function(){that.f1();})();   //this in side of that.f1--> m.prototype

补充:

this指谁由调用函数的方式决定,如下所示。

function foo() {
    console.log(this);
}
//作为普通的函数调用
foo();   // this -->全局对象:`window`

//作为一个对象的方法属性调用
var obj = {bar: foo};
obj.bar();   // this --> `obj`

// 作为构造函数调用
new foo();   // this --> `foo.prototype`

手动指定this的方式

1.  fun.call(thisobj,param1,param2,...);

2.  fun.apply(thisobj,[arguments]);

3. fun.bind(thisobj,param1,param2,...)----return a fun;  

example:

this.x='windowX';
var obj={
  x:'ojbX',
  f1:function(a){console.log(this.x+a);}
}
var fun=obj.f1;
fun(1);
fun.call(this,1);
fun.apply(this,[1]);
fun.bind(this,1)();
fun.call(obj,1);
fun.apply(obj,[1]);
fun.bind(obj,1)();


//windowX1  
//windowX1
//windowX1  
//windowX1
//ojbX1
//ojbX1  
//ojbX1

 利用bind修改上例中的setTimeout:

 window.id='windowid';
 function M(){
     this.id='Mid';
     this.f1=function(){console.log(this.id);}; 
     this.f2=function(){         
          setTimeout(this.f1.bind(this),5000);
        };
  }  
  var m=new M(); 
  m.f2();   //'Mid'

 再来看看setTimeout里function的参数问题:

var i=9;
setTimeout(function(i){console.log(i);},1000) ;
//输出结果是????



for
(var i=0;i<10;i++){ setTimeout(function(){console.log(i);},1000) ; } //输出结果是????,输出结果的间隔是??? for(var i=0;i<10;i++){ setTimeout(function(i){console.log(i);},1000) ; } // ?????? for(var i=0;i<10;i++){ ( function(i){ setTimeout(function(){console.log(i);},1000) }) (i); }

 

posted @ 2015-04-22 11:38  荔枝龙眼  阅读(366)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

这里是页脚Html代码