【枚举&数据结构】【P2484】 [SDOI2011]打地鼠

Description

给定一个网格,每个格子上有一个数字。一次操作可以将 \(r~\times~c\) 的一块矩形的数字减去 \(1\)。必须保证这个矩形中的数全部为正。每次操作的 \(r\)\(c\) 必须保持不变。求最少操作次数

Input

第一行是两个整数 \(n,m\),代表格子行列数

下面 \(n\)\(m\) 列描述这个格子

Output

一行一个数字代表答案

Hint

\(1~\leq~n,m~\leq~100\),数字和不超过 \(10^9\)

Solution

非常显然的想法是枚举 \(r,c\),然后暴力的判断是否合法。枚举 \(r,c\) 的复杂度是 \(O(n^2)\),暴力判断的复杂度为 \(O(n^2 \log^2 n)\),总复杂度 \(O(n^4 \log^2 n)\)

然后发现这个题目的特殊性质:行列不相关。即无论列选择多大,行的最优解是不变的。列得选择同理。证明上,可以考虑数学归纳法。显然选取列为 \(1\) 时能算出行的最优解。当选取列为 \(k\) 时的最优解已经算出时,考虑计算选取列为 \(k + 1\) 时的最优解。我们发现如果列为 \(k + 1\) 时是合法的,那么列为 \(k\) 时一定是合法的。同时这个条件也是必要条件。所以我们可以按照列选择 \(1\) 时枚举出行的最优解,行选择 \(1\) 时枚举出列得最优解。即可得到答案。

考虑检验是否合法时,可以使用二维树状数组维护差分从而支持区间减法。总复杂度 \(O(n^3 \log^2n)\)。可以通过本题。事实上,由于另一个方位是 \(1\),所以可以直接维护一维树状数组做到 \(O(n^3 \log n)\)。然而要写两遍……

Code

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#ifdef ONLINE_JUDGE
#define freopen(a, b, c)
#define printtime()
#else
#include <ctime>
#define printtime() printf("Times used  = %ld ms\n", clock())
#endif
#define ci const int
#define cl const long long

typedef long long int ll;

namespace IPT {
	const int L = 1000000;
	char buf[L], *front=buf, *end=buf;
	char GetChar() {
		if (front == end) {
			end = buf + fread(front = buf, 1, L, stdin);
			if (front == end) return -1;
		}
		return *(front++);
	}
}

template <typename T>
inline void qr(T &x) {
	char ch = IPT::GetChar(), lst = ' ';
	while ((ch > '9') || (ch < '0')) lst = ch, ch=IPT::GetChar();
	while ((ch >= '0') && (ch <= '9')) x = (x << 1) + (x << 3) + (ch ^ 48), ch = IPT::GetChar();
	if (lst == '-') x = -x;
}

template <typename T>
inline void ReadDb(T &x) {
	char ch = IPT::GetChar(), lst = ' ';
	while ((ch > '9') || (ch < '0')) lst = ch, ch = IPT::GetChar();
	while ((ch >= '0') && (ch <= '9')) x = x * 10 + (ch ^ 48), ch = IPT::GetChar();
	if (ch == '.') {
		ch = IPT::GetChar();
		double base = 1;
		while ((ch >= '0') && (ch <= '9')) x += (ch ^ 48) * ((base *= 0.1)), ch = IPT::GetChar();
	}
	if (lst == '-') x = -x;
}

namespace OPT {
	char buf[120];
}

template <typename T>
inline void qw(T x, const char aft, const bool pt) {
	if (x < 0) {x = -x, putchar('-');}
	int top=0;
	do {OPT::buf[++top] = static_cast<char>(x % 10 + '0');} while (x /= 10);
	while (top) putchar(OPT::buf[top--]);
	if (pt) putchar(aft);
}

const int maxn = 110;

int n, m;
int MU[maxn][maxn], CU[maxn][maxn], tree[maxn][maxn];

inline int lowbit(ci x) {return x & -x;}

int check(ci, ci);
void insert(ci, ci, ci);
int ask(ci, ci);
int query(ci, ci);

int main() {
	freopen("1.in", "r", stdin);
	qr(n); qr(m);
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) 
		for (int j = 1; j <= m; ++j) qr(MU[i][j]);
	int r = n, c = m;
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
		for (int j = 1; j <= m; ++j) CU[i][j] = MU[i][j] - MU[i - 1][j] - MU[i][j - 1] + MU[i - 1][j - 1];
	while (check(r, 1) == -1) --r;
	while (check(1, c) == -1) --c;
	int sum = 0;
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
		for (int j = 1; j <= m; ++j) sum += MU[i][j];
	qw(sum / (r * c), '\n', true);
	printtime();
}

int check(ci x, ci y) {
	int a = n - x + 1, b = m - y + 1, cnt = 0;
	memset(tree, 0, sizeof tree);
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) 
		for (int j = 1; j <= m; ++j) 
			insert(i, j, CU[i][j]);
	for (int i = 1; i <= a; ++i) 
		for (int j = 1; j <= b; ++j) {
			int k = ask(i, j);
			if (k < 0)
				return -1;
			cnt += k;
			insert(i, j, -k); insert(i + x, j, k); insert(i, j + y, k); insert(i + x, j + y, -k);
		}
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) 
		for (int j = 1; j <= m; ++j) if (ask(i, j) != 0) 
			return -1;
	return cnt;
}

void insert(ci x, ci y, ci v) {
	for (int i = x; i <= n; i += lowbit(i)) 
		for (int j = y; j <= m; j += lowbit(j)) 
			tree[i][j] += v;
}

int ask(ci x, ci y) {
	return query(x, y) - query(x - 1, y) - query(x, y - 1) + query(x - 1, y - 1);
}

int query(ci x, ci y) {
	int _ret = 0;
	for (int i = x; i; i -= lowbit(i))
		for (int j = y; j; j -= lowbit(j))
			_ret += tree[i][j];
	return _ret;
}
posted @ 2019-01-18 16:03  一扶苏一  阅读(264)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报