关于多线程的一个例子(UI实时显示)

转至:http://www.cnblogs.com/oec2003/archive/2009/12/20/1628412.html

相关问题:c#中使用多线程访问winform中控件的若干问题

我所修改的动态显示数据代码: 

Thread thr = new Thread(new ThreadStart(delegate()
            {
                while (true)
                {
                    Thread.Sleep(100);
                    try
                    {
                        this.Invoke(new Action(delegate() { label1.Text = DateTime.Now.ToString(); }));
                    }
                    catch
                    {
                    }
                }
            }));
            thr.IsBackground = true;
            thr.Start();

以下代码占用CPU资源过高

ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(new WaitCallback(delegate(object o)
                {
                    while (true)
                    {
                        this.Invoke(new Action(delegate() { label1.Text = DateTime.Now.ToString(); }));
                    }
                }));

 

资料如下:

在开发Window应用程序的时候,经常需要在界面上显示出已经执行到什么步骤了,拿一个简单例子来说,创建一个Winform程序,在窗体上访一个Button和一个Label,点击Button时做100次循环,在Label上实时显示当前循环的次数。一种简单的做法就是使用Application.DoEvents,代码如下:

private void btnTest_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
    {
        Thread.Sleep(100);
        label1.Text = i + "/100";
        Application.DoEvents();
    }
}

上面的代码如果将Application.DoEvents();去掉当点击Button时,程序会卡住,直到这个循环执行完成,当这个循环足够大时是不能忍受的。不过小数据量用Application.DoEvents()还行,数据量大了使用Application.DoEvents()就会带来性能的问题。所以Application.DoEvents()要慎用,在大数据量的时候可以使用多线程解决。如下:

private void btnTest_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(DoWork));
    thread.Start();
}
private void DoWork()
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
    {
        Thread.Sleep(100);
        label1.Text = i + "/100";
    }
}

 

嗯?出现异常了是吧,没错上面的代码运行后后会出现“线程间操作无效: 从不是创建控件“label1”的线程访问它。”的异常。关于什么原因造成的,大家可以google一下。不过上面代码在vs03中貌似可以正常运行。将代码改成下面这样就可以正常运行了:

private void btnTest_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(DoWork));
    thread.Start();
}
private void DoWork()
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
    {
        Thread.Sleep(100);
        this.Invoke(new Action<string>(this.ChangeLabel),i.ToString());
    }
}
private void ChangeLabel(string i)
{
    label1.Text = i + "/100";
}

 

如果嫌多写一个ChangeLabel方法费事,可以写成匿名方法的形式,如下:

private void btnTest_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(DoWork));
    thread.Start();
}
private void DoWork()
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
    {
        Thread.Sleep(100);
        this.Invoke(new Action(delegate(){label1.Text=i+"/100";}));
    }
}

同样可以使用匿名方法的方式将DoWork方法也去掉:

private void btnTest_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(delegate() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
        {
            Thread.Sleep(100);
            this.Invoke(new Action(delegate() { label1.Text = i + "/100"; }));
        }
    }));
    thread.Start();
}

如果想传参数到Dowork方法中,那么就不能使用ThreadStart类了,应该使用ParameterizedThreadStart类,如下:

private void btnTest_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    string name = "oec2003";
    Thread thread = new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart(DoWork));
    thread.Start(name);
}
private void DoWork(object name)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
    {
        Thread.Sleep(100);
        this.Invoke(new Action(delegate(){label1.Text=name+":"+ i+"/100";}));
    }
}

 

同样我们也可以使用线程池的方式来实现

private void btnTest_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(new WaitCallback(DoWork));
}
private void DoWork(object o)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
    {
        Thread.Sleep(100);
        this.Invoke(new Action(delegate(){label1.Text=i+"/100";}));
    }
}

 

使用匿名方法的方式:

private void btnTest_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(new WaitCallback(delegate(object o)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
        {
            Thread.Sleep(100);
            this.Invoke(new Action(delegate() { label1.Text = i + "/100"; }));
        }
    }));
}

 

 

posted @ 2009-12-26 23:58  冰封的心  阅读(466)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报