oracle 11g r2 rac到单实例的dg
oracle 11g r2 rac到单实例的dg
1 主备环境说明
rac环境--primary
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
hostname rac1 rac2
ip 10.*.11 10.*.12
Instance_name bol1 bol2
DB_NAME bol
db_unique_name bol
Data、Control File、Redo File ASM
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production
SQL> conn sys/oracle as sysdba
单实例环境--standby
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
hostname dg1
ip 10.*.16
Instance_name orcl
DB_NAME bol
db_unique_name orcl
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production
rac ip详细
[root@rac1 ~]# vim /etc/hosts
#Public IP
10.*.11 rac1
10.*.12 rac2
#Private IP
172.168.1.18 rac1-priv
172.168.1.19 rac2-priv
#Virtual IP
10.*.13 rac1-vip
10.*.14 rac2-vip
#Scan IP
10.*.15 rac-scan
文件系统规划
Primary Standby
+DATA/bol/datafile/test01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data tempfile
+data/bol/tempfile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl
+fra/bol/archivelog /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl
+fra/bol/onlinelog /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo
2 主库操作，设置为归档和force logging
--primary SQL> conn /as sysdba Connected. SQL> archive log list; Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination +FRA/bol/arch Oldest online log sequence 142 Next log sequence to archive 144 Current log sequence 144 ===select *from v$archived_log order by 1; SQL> show parameter db_name NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ db_name string bol SQL> show parameter db_unique_name NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ db_unique_name string bol SQL> alter database force logging; Database altered. SQL> select force_logging from v$database; FOR --- YES
===修改主库为归档模式
SQL> archive log list
切换归档，将所有节点都必须处于 mount 状态。 在其中一个节点修改模式，然后在其他节点正常启动即可。
SQL> shutdown immediate SQL> startup mount SQL> alter database archivelog; SQL> archive log list; SQL> select name , open_mode, log_mode,force_logging from gv$database; NAME OPEN_MODE LOG_MODE FOR --------- -------------------- ------------ --- BOL READ WRITE ARCHIVELOG YES SQL> show parameter db_recover NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ db_recovery_file_dest string +FRA db_recovery_file_dest_size big integer 5727M
===2 个节点的归档都指向了+FRA 这个磁盘组。 也可以指向其他的磁盘组或者本地的位置，如：
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/bol1arch' sid='bol1';
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/bol2arch' sid='bol2';
3 主备库添加 standby Redo log 文件
RAC 每个 Redo Thread 都需要创建对应的 Standby Redo Log。 创建原则和单实例一样，包括日志 文件大小相等，日志组数量要多 1 组。
主库
SQL> set lines 120 SQL> col member for a50 SQL> select a.thread#,a.group#,a.bytes/1024/1024,b.member from v$log a,v$logfile b where a.group#=b.group#; THREAD# GROUP# A.BYTES/1024/1024 MEMBER ---------- ---------- ----------------- -------------------------------------------------- 1 1 50 +DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_1.257.990861405 1 1 50 +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_1.257.990861405 1 2 50 +DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_2.258.990861405 1 2 50 +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_2.258.990861405 2 3 50 +DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_3.265.990862587 2 3 50 +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_3.259.990862587 2 4 50 +DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_4.266.990862587 2 4 50 +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_4.260.990862587 2 4 50 +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_4.261.991639393 1 5 50 +DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_5.271.991639531 1 5 50 +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_5.262.991639531 SQL> select thread#,group#,members,bytes/1024/1024 from v$log; THREAD# GROUP# MEMBERS BYTES/1024/1024 ---------- ---------- ---------- --------------- 1 1 2 50 1 2 2 50 2 3 2 50 2 4 3 50 1 5 2 50 --主库添加 standby redo log： alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 11 ('+FRA') size 50m; alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 12 ('+FRA') size 50m; alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 13 ('+FRA') size 50m; alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 14 ('+FRA') size 50m; alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 15 ('+FRA') size 50m; alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 16 ('+FRA') size 50m; alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 17 ('+FRA') size 50m; alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 18 ('+FRA') size 50m; alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 19 ('+FRA') size 50m; alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 20 ('+FRA') size 50m; alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 21 ('+FRA') size 50m; alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 22 ('+FRA') size 50m; alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 23 ('+FRA') size 50m; SQL> select group#,type,member from v$logfile order by 1,2; GROUP# TYPE MEMBER ---------- ------- -------------------------------------------------- 1 ONLINE +DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_1.257.990861405 1 ONLINE +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_1.257.990861405 2 ONLINE +DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_2.258.990861405 2 ONLINE +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_2.258.990861405 3 ONLINE +DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_3.265.990862587 3 ONLINE +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_3.259.990862587 4 ONLINE +DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_4.266.990862587 4 ONLINE +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_4.260.990862587 4 ONLINE +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_4.261.991639393 5 ONLINE +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_5.262.991639531 5 ONLINE +DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_5.271.991639531 GROUP# TYPE MEMBER ---------- ------- -------------------------------------------------- 11 STANDBY +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_11.323.1000118283 12 STANDBY +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_12.322.1000118289 13 STANDBY +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_13.321.1000118293 14 STANDBY +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_14.320.1000118303 15 STANDBY +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_15.319.1000118303 16 STANDBY +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_16.318.1000118303 17 STANDBY +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_17.313.1000118387 18 STANDBY +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_18.312.1000118397 19 STANDBY +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_19.317.1000118315 20 STANDBY +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_20.316.1000118315 21 STANDBY +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_21.315.1000118315 GROUP# TYPE MEMBER ---------- ------- -------------------------------------------------- 22 STANDBY +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_22.314.1000118317 23 STANDBY +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_23.311.1000118405 24 rows selected.
4 配置主备库的监听
用 net manager 工具，在备库创建一个监听。 也可以手动的修改 listener.ora 文件
--对于 RAC 环境:
在 grid 用户的 listener.ora 文件中加入如下内容：
[grid@rac1 ~]$ cd /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/ [grid@rac1 admin]$ cat listener.ora LISTENER=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER)))) # line added by Agent LISTENER_SCAN1=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1)))) # line added by Agent ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN1=ON # line added by Agent ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER=ON # line added by Agent [grid@rac1 admin]$ vim listener.ora [grid@rac1 admin]$ cat listener.ora LISTENER=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER)))) # line added by Agent LISTENER_SCAN1=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1)))) # line added by Agent ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN1=ON # line added by Agent SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = bol) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1) (SID_NAME = bol1) ) ) LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = LISTENER)) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/grid ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER=ON # line added by Agent LISTENER_SCAN1 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = LISTENER_SCAN1)) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER_SCAN1 = /u01/app/grid 节点 2，对应修改即可 SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = bol) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1) (SID_NAME = bol2) ) )
--这里写的 Oracle 用户的 ORACLE_HOME
然后重启监听
注意在 oracle 11gR2 的 RAC 环境下，监听是在 grid 用户下配置的。所以这里可以用 grid 用户连接并修改。 最后重启监听
对于单实例，直接在 listener.ora 里添加
[oracle@dg1 oracle]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/ [oracle@dg1 admin]$ vim listener.ora [oracle@dg1 admin]$ cat listener.ora # listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1) (SID_NAME = orcl) ) ) LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg1)(PORT = 1521)) ) (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521)) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle
配置主备库的 Net Server： tnsnames.ora
节点1，节点2，单实例 的 tnsnames.ora 文件是一致的，添加以下内容---其实也可以不一致
[oracle@rac1 admin]$ vim tnsnames.ora [oracle@rac1 admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. BOL = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = scanip)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = bol) ) ) bol1 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.*.13)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = bol1) ) ) bol2 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.*.14)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = bol2) ) ) orcl = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.*.16)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) ) ) [grid@rac1 admin]$ lsnrctl reload [oracle@dg1 admin]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME [oracle@dg1 admin]$ source /home/oracle/.bash_profile [oracle@dg1 admin]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 [oracle@dg1 admin]$ lsnrctl start
--备库 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora [root@dg1 ~]# cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora bol= (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.*.11)(PORT = 1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.*.12)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME =bol) ) ) orcl= (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.*.16)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME =orcl) ) )
--主库ping备库
主库ping备库成功
[oracle@rac1 admin]$ tnsping orcl
TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 13-FEB-2019 15:56:29
Copyright (c) 1997, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Used parameter files:
Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.*.16)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)))
OK (30 msec)
--备库ping主库
[oracle@dg1 admin]$ tnsping bol
TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 13-FEB-2019 11:42:10
Copyright (c) 1997, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Used parameter files:
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora
Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.*.11)(PORT = 1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.*.12)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME =bol)))
OK (0 msec)
5 备库创建相应的目录
[oracle@dg1 admin]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tempfile [oracle@dg1 admin]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump [oracle@dg1 admin]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/data [oracle@dg1 admin]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/redo [oracle@dg1 admin]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/tempfile [oracle@dg1 oracle]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/archive
6 修改RAC参数，并生成pfile与密码文件一起传输到备库
复制rac1的密码文件传到备库
[oracle@rac1 dbs]$ scp orapwbol1 oracle@10.*.16:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapworcl
创建修改主备库的参数文件
--主库参数
db_file_name_convert 和 log_file_name_convert 仅当数据库被 standby 时才会生效，这里配置，是 为切换做准备。 log_file_name_convert 指的是 online redo log。
在 Oracle 11g 已经废除了 fal_client 参数。
RAC 的 spfile 是放在共享设备上的，所以如果想创建，就需要先创建一份 pfile 到本地，在修改，如果不想这么折腾，就直接使用 SQL 语句修改：
1）使用 ASM 作为存储时，datafile 和 tempfile 是分别放在两个目录下的，所以在Standby 上也单独创建一个tempdata 目录。并在db_file_name_convert 中作相应的设置。
2）在使用ASM 的RAC中，注意不要改变db_unique_name 的参数值；因为ASM 存放文件的规则，是按照+diskgroup_name/data_unique_name/file/tag_name.file_member.incarnation 这样一个规则存放的，
但是第二项database_unique_name 并不是db_name;如果改变了db_unique_name,则之后创建的数据文件会放在新的目录下，会导致db_file_name_convert 的失效，这一点需要特别注意。
3）如果RAC中使用db_create_online_log_dest_n 系列参数，要相应调整stangby 上的log_file_name_convert 参数。
--alter system set db_unique_name='bol' scope=spfile sid='*'; alter system set log_archive_config='dg_config=(bol,orcl)' scope=spfile sid='*'; alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=+FRA valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=bol' scope=spfile sid='*'; alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=orcl valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=orcl' scope=spfile sid='*'; alter system set log_archive_dest_state_1=enable scope=spfile sid='*'; alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=enable scope=spfile sid='*'; alter system set standby_file_management='auto' scope=spfile sid='*'; alter system set fal_server='orcl' scope=spfile sid='*'; alter system set db_file_name_convert='+DATA/bol/datafile','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data','+DATA/bol/tempfile','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tempfile' scope=spfile sid='*'; alter system set log_file_name_convert='+FRA/bol/onlinelog','/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/redo' scope=spfile sid='*'; alter system set log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arch' scope=spfile sid='*';
--备库参数
--在主库创建pfile 文件并scp 到备库修改
主要指定一些pfile的路径，不要直接create pfile from spfile
SQL> create pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/tmp.ora' from spfile; File created. [oracle@rac1 dbs]$ scp tmp.ora oracle@10.*.16:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initorcl.ora [oracle@dg1 dbs]$ vim initorcl.ora [oracle@dg1 dbs]$ cat initorcl.ora orcl.__db_cache_size=503316480 orcl.__java_pool_size=16777216 orcl.__large_pool_size=33554432 orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=452984832 orcl.__sga_target=822083584 orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0 orcl.__shared_pool_size=251658240 orcl.__streams_pool_size=0 *.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump' *.audit_trail='db' *.compatible='11.2.0.4.0' *.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain='' *.db_file_name_convert='+DATA/bol/datafile','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data','+DATA/bol/tempfile','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tempfile' *.db_name='bol' *.service_names='orcl' *.db_unique_name='orcl' *.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=6005194752 *.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle' *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=bolXDB)' *.fal_server='bol' *.log_archive_config='dg_config=(bol,orcl)' *.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/archive valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=orcl' *.log_archive_dest_2='service=bol valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=bol' *.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE' *.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE' *.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arch' *.log_file_name_convert='+FRA/bol/onlinelog','/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/redo' *.memory_target=1264582656 *.open_cursors=300 *.processes=350 *.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive' *.standby_file_management='auto' *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
使用 spfile 将备库启动 nomount 状态并启动监听
[oracle@dg1 dbs]$ sqlplus /nolog SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Feb 13 15:27:54 2019 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. SQL> conn /as sysdba Connected to an idle instance. SQL> create spfile from pfile; File created. SQL> startup nomount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1269366784 bytes Fixed Size 2252864 bytes Variable Size 822087616 bytes Database Buffers 436207616 bytes Redo Buffers 8818688 bytes
[oracle@dg1 dbs]$ lsnrctl start LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 13-FEB-2019 15:40:44 Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait... TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/dg1/listener/alert/log.xml Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=dg1)(PORT=1521))) Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=dg1)(PORT=1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Start Date 13-FEB-2019 15:40:47 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 10 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/dg1/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=dg1)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Services Summary... Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s). Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully
7 备库进行duplicate
[oracle@dg1 dbs]$ rman target sys/*@bol auxiliary sys/*@orcl nocatalog Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Feb 13 16:18:06 2019 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database: BOL (DBID=4213574617) using target database control file instead of recovery catalog connected to auxiliary database: BOL (not mounted) RMAN> duplicate target database for standby from active database; Starting Duplicate Db at 13-FEB-19 allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=10 device type=DISK
--详细日志
[oracle@dg1 dbs]$ rman target sys/oracle@bol auxiliary sys/oracle@orcl nocatalog Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Feb 13 16:18:06 2019 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database: BOL (DBID=4213574617) using target database control file instead of recovery catalog connected to auxiliary database: BOL (not mounted) RMAN> duplicate target database for standby from active database; Starting Duplicate Db at 13-FEB-19 allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=10 device type=DISK contents of Memory Script: { backup as copy reuse targetfile '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwbol1' auxiliary format '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapworcl' ; } executing Memory Script Starting backup at 13-FEB-19 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=26 instance=bol1 device type=DISK Finished backup at 13-FEB-19 contents of Memory Script: { backup as copy current controlfile for standby auxiliary format '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl'; restore clone controlfile to '/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl' from '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl'; } executing Memory Script Starting backup at 13-FEB-19 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy copying standby control file output file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_bol1.f tag=TAG20190213T161904 RECID=3 STAMP=1000138745 channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03 Finished backup at 13-FEB-19 Starting restore at 13-FEB-19 using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: copied control file copy Finished restore at 13-FEB-19 contents of Memory Script: { sql clone 'alter database mount standby database'; } executing Memory Script sql statement: alter database mount standby database contents of Memory Script: { set newname for tempfile 1 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tempfile/temp.262.990861409"; switch clone tempfile all; set newname for datafile 1 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/system.259.990861405"; set newname for datafile 2 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/sysaux.260.990861407"; set newname for datafile 3 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/undotbs1.261.990861409"; set newname for datafile 4 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/undotbs2.263.990861413"; set newname for datafile 5 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/users.264.990861413"; set newname for datafile 6 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/test01.dbf"; set newname for datafile 7 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/sde_tbs.dbf"; set newname for datafile 9 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/example01.dbf"; set newname for datafile 10 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/cad01.dbf"; set newname for datafile 11 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/sj_data01.dbf"; backup as copy reuse datafile 1 auxiliary format "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/system.259.990861405" datafile 2 auxiliary format "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/sysaux.260.990861407" datafile 3 auxiliary format "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/undotbs1.261.990861409" datafile 4 auxiliary format "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/undotbs2.263.990861413" datafile 5 auxiliary format "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/users.264.990861413" datafile 6 auxiliary format "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/test01.dbf" datafile 7 auxiliary format "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/sde_tbs.dbf" datafile 9 auxiliary format "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/example01.dbf" datafile 10 auxiliary format "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/cad01.dbf" datafile 11 auxiliary format "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/sj_data01.dbf" ; sql 'alter system archive log current'; } executing Memory Script executing command: SET NEWNAME renamed tempfile 1 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tempfile/temp.262.990861409 in control file executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME Starting backup at 13-FEB-19 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy input datafile file number=00003 name=+DATA/bol/datafile/undotbs1.261.990861409 output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/undotbs1.261.990861409 tag=TAG20190213T161917 channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy input datafile file number=00002 name=+DATA/bol/datafile/sysaux.260.990861407 output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/sysaux.260.990861407 tag=TAG20190213T161917 channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy input datafile file number=00001 name=+DATA/bol/datafile/system.259.990861405 output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/system.259.990861405 tag=TAG20190213T161917 channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy input datafile file number=00005 name=+DATA/bol/datafile/users.264.990861413 output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/users.264.990861413 tag=TAG20190213T161917 channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy input datafile file number=00007 name=+DATA/bol/datafile/sde_tbs.dbf output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/sde_tbs.dbf tag=TAG20190213T161917 channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy input datafile file number=00004 name=+DATA/bol/datafile/undotbs2.263.990861413 output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/undotbs2.263.990861413 tag=TAG20190213T161917 channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy input datafile file number=00010 name=+DATA/bol/datafile/cad01.dbf output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/cad01.dbf tag=TAG20190213T161917 channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy input datafile file number=00011 name=+DATA/bol/datafile/sj_data01.dbf output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/sj_data01.dbf tag=TAG20190213T161917 channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy input datafile file number=00009 name=+DATA/bol/datafile/example01.dbf output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/example01.dbf tag=TAG20190213T161917 channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA/bol/datafile/test01.dbf output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/test01.dbf tag=TAG20190213T161917 channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07 Finished backup at 13-FEB-19 sql statement: alter system archive log current contents of Memory Script: { switch clone datafile all; } executing Memory Script datafile 1 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=1000139021 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/system.259.990861405 datafile 2 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=1000139021 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/sysaux.260.990861407 datafile 3 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=1000139021 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/undotbs1.261.990861409 datafile 4 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=6 STAMP=1000139021 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/undotbs2.263.990861413 datafile 5 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=7 STAMP=1000139021 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/users.264.990861413 datafile 6 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=8 STAMP=1000139021 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/test01.dbf datafile 7 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=9 STAMP=1000139021 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/sde_tbs.dbf datafile 9 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=10 STAMP=1000139021 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/example01.dbf datafile 10 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=11 STAMP=1000139021 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/cad01.dbf datafile 11 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=12 STAMP=1000139021 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/sj_data01.dbf Finished Duplicate Db at 13-FEB-19
8 启动备库并应用MRP
SQL> select DBID,NAME,OPEN_MODE,DATABASE_ROLE from v$database; DBID NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE ---------- --------- -------------------- ---------------- 4213574617 BOL MOUNTED PHYSICAL STANDBY SQL> select process,status,sequence#,delay_mins from v$managed_standby; PROCESS STATUS SEQUENCE# DELAY_MINS --------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ARCH CONNECTED 0 0 ARCH CONNECTED 0 0 ARCH CONNECTED 0 0 ARCH CONNECTED 0 0 SQL> show parameter convert; NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ db_file_name_convert string +DATA/bol/datafile, /u01/app/o racle/oradata/orcl/data, +DATA /bol/tempfile, /u01/app/oracle /oradata/orcl/tempfile log_file_name_convert string +FRA/bol/onlinelog, /u01/app/o racle/admin/orcl/redo SQL> alter database open; ---打开db报错 alter database open * ERROR at line 1: ORA-10458: standby database requires recovery ORA-01152: file 1 was not restored from a sufficiently old backup ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/system.259.990861405' [oracle@dg1 admin]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/ [oracle@dg1 trace]$ tail -n 200 alert_orcl.log ---查看错误日志 alter database open AUDIT_TRAIL initialization parameter is changed to OS, as DB is NOT compatible for database opened with read-only access Signalling error 1152 for datafile 1! Beginning Standby Crash Recovery. Serial Media Recovery started Managed Standby Recovery starting Real Time Apply Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 150 Wed Feb 13 16:26:33 2019 Standby crash recovery need archive log for thread 1 sequence 150 to continue. Please verify that primary database is transporting redo logs to the standby database. Wait timeout: thread 1 sequence 150 Standby Crash Recovery aborted due to error 16016. Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_2176.trc: ORA-16016: archived log for thread 1 sequence# 150 unavailable Recovery interrupted! Completed Standby Crash Recovery. Signalling error 1152 for datafile 1! Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_2176.trc: ORA-10458: standby database requires recovery ORA-01152: file 1 was not restored from a sufficiently old backup ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/system.259.990861405' ORA-10458 signalled during: alter database open... -- DDE: Problem Key 'ORA 1110' was flood controlled (0x1) (no incident) ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/system.259.990861405'
处理方法
在主库找到对应的日志文件并cp到备库
select * from v$archived_log where sequence#=150;
ASMCMD> cp +FRA/bol/arch/150_1_990861401.log /u01/app/oracle copying +FRA/bol/arch/150_1_990861401.log -> /u01/app/oracle/150_1_990861401.log [oracle@rac1 oracle]$ scp 150_1_990861401.log oracle@10.15.7.16:/u01/app/oracle/archive/. 在备库上执行 SQL> alter database register physical logfile '/u01/app/oracle/archive/150_1_990861401.log'; Database altered. 再尝试open数据库，正常打开 SQL> alter database open; Database altered. [oracle@dg1 trace]$ tail -f -n 200 alert_orcl.log Wed Feb 13 16:58:43 2019 alter database open Signalling error 1152 for datafile 1! Beginning Standby Crash Recovery. Serial Media Recovery started Managed Standby Recovery starting Real Time Apply Media Recovery Log /u01/app/oracle/archive/150_1_990861401.log Incomplete Recovery applied until change 6049418 time 02/13/2019 16:23:33 Completed Standby Crash Recovery. Wed Feb 13 16:58:44 2019 SMON: enabling cache recovery Dictionary check beginning Wed Feb 13 16:58:44 2019 Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_dbw0_2159.trc: ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 201 - see DBWR trace file ORA-01110: data file 201: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tempfile/temp.262.990861409' ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory Additional information: 3 Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_dbw0_2159.trc: ORA-01186: file 201 failed verification tests ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 201 - see DBWR trace file ORA-01110: data file 201: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tempfile/temp.262.990861409' File 201 not verified due to error ORA-01157 Dictionary check complete Re-creating tempfile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tempfile/temp.262.990861409 Database Characterset is AL32UTF8 No Resource Manager plan active ********************************************************** WARNING: Files may exists in db_recovery_file_dest that are not known to the database. Use the RMAN command CATALOG RECOVERY AREA to re-catalog any such files. If files cannot be cataloged, then manually delete them using OS command. One of the following events caused this: 1. A backup controlfile was restored. 2. A standby controlfile was restored. 3. The controlfile was re-created. 4. db_recovery_file_dest had previously been enabled and then disabled. ********************************************************** replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found) Physical standby database opened for read only access. Completed: alter database open SQL> select DBID,NAME,OPEN_MODE,DATABASE_ROLE from v$database; DBID NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE ---------- --------- -------------------- ---------------- 4213574617 BOL READ ONLY PHYSICAL STANDBY SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session; Database altered. SQL> select DBID,NAME,OPEN_MODE,DATABASE_ROLE from v$database; DBID NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE ---------- --------- -------------------- ---------------- 4213574617 BOL READ ONLY WITH APPLY PHYSICAL STANDBY
9 验证同步
主库conn sde用户
create table dg_test1 as select * from dba_objects;
备库查看 SQL> show parameter db_unique NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ db_unique_name string orcl SQL> conn sde/sde Connected. SQL> select count(*) from dg_test1; ---没有同步 select count(*) from dg_test1 * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00942: table or view does not exist SQL> select sequence#,standby_dest,archived,applied,status from v$archived_log; SEQUENCE# STA ARC APPLIED S ---------- --- --- --------- - 150 NO YES YES A SQL> select process,status,sequence#,delay_mins from v$managed_standby; PROCESS STATUS SEQUENCE# DELAY_MINS --------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ARCH CONNECTED 0 0 ARCH CONNECTED 0 0 ARCH CONNECTED 0 0 ARCH CONNECTED 0 0 MRP0 WAIT_FOR_LOG 151 0 --主库日志 ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG Wed Feb 13 16:23:40 2019 Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 151 (LGWR switch) Current log# 1 seq# 151 mem# 0: +DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_1.257.990861405 Current log# 1 seq# 151 mem# 1: +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_1.257.990861405 Wed Feb 13 16:23:40 2019 Archived Log entry 212 added for thread 1 sequence 150 ID 0xfb25b6d9 dest 1: Wed Feb 13 16:46:13 2019 Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 152 (LGWR switch) Current log# 2 seq# 152 mem# 0: +DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_2.258.990861405 Current log# 2 seq# 152 mem# 1: +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_2.258.990861405 Wed Feb 13 16:46:13 2019 Archived Log entry 213 added for thread 1 sequence 151 ID 0xfb25b6d9 dest 1: --备库日志 alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session Attempt to start background Managed Standby Recovery process (orcl) Wed Feb 13 17:00:53 2019 MRP0 started with pid=20, OS id=2436 MRP0: Background Managed Standby Recovery process started (orcl) started logmerger process Wed Feb 13 17:00:58 2019 Managed Standby Recovery not using Real Time Apply Parallel Media Recovery started with 2 slaves Waiting for all non-current ORLs to be archived... All non-current ORLs have been archived. Media Recovery Log /u01/app/oracle/archive/150_1_990861401.log Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 151 Completed: alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session ==启用real-time apply，从而实现real-time query： SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel; Database altered. SQL> conn / as sysdba Connected. SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT; Database altered. SQL> select open_mode from v$database; OPEN_MODE -------------------- READ ONLY WITH APPLY ====== ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT Attempt to start background Managed Standby Recovery process (orcl) Wed Feb 13 17:18:04 2019 MRP0 started with pid=20, OS id=2497 MRP0: Background Managed Standby Recovery process started (orcl) started logmerger process Wed Feb 13 17:18:09 2019 Managed Standby Recovery starting Real Time Apply Parallel Media Recovery started with 2 slaves Waiting for all non-current ORLs to be archived... All non-current ORLs have been archived. Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 151 Completed: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT ==== SQL> set sqlprompt "primary>" primary>SELECT PROCESS,THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,STATUS FROM V$MANAGED_STANDBY; PROCESS THREAD# SEQUENCE# STATUS --------- ---------- ---------- ------------ ARCH 1 185 CLOSING ARCH 1 186 CLOSING ARCH 0 0 CONNECTED ARCH 1 187 CLOSING SQL> set sqlprompt "standby>"
--没有同步，于是重启rac的实例，重启后，dg自动同步---万能重启大法（因为前面修改了spfile的一些参数，必须重启才能生效）
[grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl stop instance -o immediate -d bol -i bol1 [grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl status database -d bol Instance bol1 is not running on node rac1 Instance bol2 is not running on node rac2 [grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl start instance -d bol -i bol1 standby>select * from yhq22; ID NAME ---------- -------------------- 1 yhq11 SQL> set sqlprompt "primary>" primary>SELECT PROCESS,THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,STATUS FROM V$MANAGED_STANDBY; PROCESS THREAD# SEQUENCE# STATUS --------- ---------- ---------- ------------ ARCH 1 189 CLOSING ARCH 1 189 CLOSING ARCH 1 187 CLOSING ARCH 1 186 CLOSING LNS 1 190 WRITING ---主库日志 ARC0: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE Completed: ALTER DATABASE OPEN /* db agent *//* {1:9052:2690} */ ARC0: Standby redo logfile selected for thread 1 sequence 188 for destination LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2 Wed Feb 13 17:49:31 2019 Starting background process CJQ0 Wed Feb 13 17:49:31 2019 CJQ0 started with pid=47, OS id=27107 --- standby>select DBID,NAME,OPEN_MODE,DATABASE_ROLE,log_mode,force_logging from v$database; DBID NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE LOG_MODE FOR ---------- --------- -------------------- ---------------- ------------ --- 4213574617 BOL READ ONLY WITH APPLY PHYSICAL STANDBY ARCHIVELOG YES === primary> select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log; MAX(SEQUENCE#) -------------- 193 standby> select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log; MAX(SEQUENCE#) -------------- 193 primary>select process,status,sequence#,delay_mins from v$managed_standby; PROCESS STATUS SEQUENCE# DELAY_MINS --------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ARCH CLOSING 191 0 ARCH CLOSING 192 0 ARCH CLOSING 187 0 ARCH CLOSING 193 0 LNS WRITING 194 0 standby>select process,status,sequence#,delay_mins from v$managed_standby; PROCESS STATUS SEQUENCE# DELAY_MINS --------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ARCH CLOSING 193 0 ARCH CLOSING 192 0 ARCH CONNECTED 0 0 ARCH CLOSING 191 0 MRP0 APPLYING_LOG 194 0 RFS IDLE 194 0 RFS IDLE 0 0 RFS IDLE 0 0 RFS IDLE 0 0 primary>select * from v$archive_gap; no rows selected standby>select * from v$archive_gap; no rows selected select sequence#,standby_dest,archived,applied,status from v$archived_log order by 1; select group#,bytes,status from v$standby_log;
至此，同步完成
--查看主备参数 select name, value from v$parameter where name in ('db_name','db_unique_name','log_archive_config', 'log_archive_dest_1','log_archive_dest_2', 'log_archive_dest_state_1','log_archive_dest_state_2','remote_login_passwordfile','log_archive_format','log_archive_max_processes','fal_server', 'db_file_name_convert', 'log_file_name_convert', 'standby_file_management'); --primary db_file_name_convert +DATA/bol/datafile, /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data, +DATA/bol/tempfile, /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tempfile log_file_name_convert +FRA/bol/onlinelog, /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/redo log_archive_dest_1 location=+FRA/BOL/ARCH log_archive_dest_2 service=orcl valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=orcl log_archive_dest_state_1 ENABLE log_archive_dest_state_2 ENABLE fal_server orcl log_archive_config dg_config=(bol,orcl) log_archive_format %s_%t_%r.log log_archive_max_processes 4 standby_file_management auto remote_login_passwordfile EXCLUSIVE db_name bol db_unique_name bol --standby db_file_name_convert +DATA/bol/datafile, /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data, +DATA/bol/tempfile, /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tempfile log_file_name_convert +FRA/bol/onlinelog, /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/redo log_archive_dest_1 location=/u01/app/oracle/archive valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=orcl log_archive_dest_2 service=bol valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=bol log_archive_dest_state_1 ENABLE log_archive_dest_state_2 ENABLE fal_server bol log_archive_config dg_config=(bol,orcl) log_archive_format %t_%s_%r.arch log_archive_max_processes 4 standby_file_management auto remote_login_passwordfile EXCLUSIVE db_name bol db_unique_name orcl
10 错误及相关解决方法
--1 --主库ping备库，发现主库ping不同备库
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ tnsping orcl
TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 13-FEB-2019 11:40:14
Copyright (c) 1997, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Used parameter files:
TNS-03505: Failed to resolve name
--修改主备库的 tnsnames.ora，并reload
--修改备库的tnsnames.ora [oracle@dg1 admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora bol= (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.*.11)(PORT = 1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.*.12)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME =bol) ) ) orcl= (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.*.16)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME =orcl) ) )
--2 ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system
SQL> startup nomount
ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system
---修改/dev/shm
简单来说就是 MEMORY_MAX_TARGET 的设置不能超过 /dev/shm 的大小
[root@dg1 ~]# cat /etc/fstab | grep tmpfs
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=2G 0 0
SQL> startup nomount
ORA-16025: parameter LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 contains repeated or conflicting attributes
ORA-16154: suspect attribute: LOCATION
--LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 参数重复，去掉一个即可，完整的pfile可以参照上面，已经是修改过的，
--3 rman的时候
DBGSQL: TARGET> begin :fhdbi := dbms_rcvcat.getDbid; end;
DBGSQL: sqlcode = 6550
DBGSQL: B :fhdbi = 32767
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of Duplicate Db command at 02/13/2019 15:57:31
RMAN-05501: aborting duplication of target database
RMAN-03015: error occurred in stored script Memory Script
ORA-06550: line 1, column 17:
PLS-00201: identifier 'DBMS_RCVCAT.GETDBID' must be declared
ORA-06550: line 1, column 7:
PL/SQL: Statement ignored
1）如果使用的是非catalog，在rman 连接时，加上nocatalog关键字，如
[oracle@dg1 dbs]$ rman target sys/*@bol auxiliary sys/*@orcl nocatalog
2） 在执行duplicate的时候，如果源库和目标库目录相同，那么在duplicate 时，需要加上nofilenamecheck，如下
RMAN> duplicate target database forstandby from active database dorecover nofilenamecheck;
参考：https://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6232292
--4 db不能打开到opne 状态
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-10458: standby database requires recovery
ORA-01152: file 1 was not restored from a sufficiently old backup
ORA-01110: data file 1:
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/system.259.990861405'
查看错误日志并进行解决
--alert.log
Please verify that primary database is transporting redo logs to the standby database.
Wait timeout: thread 1 sequence 150
Standby Crash Recovery aborted due to error 16016.
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_2176.trc:
ORA-16016: archived log for thread 1 sequence# 150 unavailable
Recovery interrupted!
Completed Standby Crash Recovery.
Signalling error 1152 for datafile 1!
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_2176.trc:
ORA-10458: standby database requires recovery
ORA-01152: file 1 was not restored from a sufficiently old backup
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/system.259.990861405'
ORA-10458 signalled during: alter database open...
在主库找到对应的日志文件并cp到备库
ASMCMD> cp +FRA/bol/arch/150_1_990861401.log /u01/app/oracle
copying +FRA/bol/arch/150_1_990861401.log -> /u01/app/oracle/150_1_990861401.log
[oracle@rac1 oracle]$ scp 150_1_990861401.log oracle@10.15.7.16:/u01/app/oracle/archive/.
在备库上执行
SQL> alter database register physical logfile '/u01/app/oracle/archive/150_1_990861401.log';
Database altered.
--5 主备库不同步，日志也并没有报错
最后完成，发现主库的操作米有同步过去
SQL> set sqlprompt "primary>"
primary>SELECT PROCESS,THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,STATUS FROM V$MANAGED_STANDBY;
PROCESS THREAD# SEQUENCE# STATUS
--------- ---------- ---------- ------------
ARCH 1 185 CLOSING
ARCH 1 186 CLOSING
ARCH 0 0 CONNECTED
ARCH 1 187 CLOSING
由于前面修改了主库的spfile的一些参数，要重启db才能生效
[grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl stop instance -o immediate -d bol -i bol1
[grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl status database -d bol
Instance bol1 is not running on node rac1
Instance bol2 is not running on node rac2
[grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl start instance -d bol -i bol1
重启过后，主备dg自动同步
SQL> set sqlprompt "primary>"
primary>SELECT PROCESS,THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,STATUS FROM V$MANAGED_STANDBY;
PROCESS THREAD# SEQUENCE# STATUS
--------- ---------- ---------- ------------
ARCH 1 189 CLOSING
ARCH 1 189 CLOSING
ARCH 1 187 CLOSING
ARCH 1 186 CLOSING
LNS 1 190 WRITING
相关的查询
standby>select DBID,NAME,OPEN_MODE,DATABASE_ROLE,log_mode,force_logging from v$database; DBID NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE LOG_MODE FOR ---------- --------- -------------------- ---------------- ------------ --- 4213574617 BOL READ ONLY WITH APPLY PHYSICAL STANDBY ARCHIVELOG YES === primary> select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log; MAX(SEQUENCE#) -------------- 193 standby> select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log; MAX(SEQUENCE#) -------------- 193 primary>select process,status,sequence#,delay_mins from v$managed_standby; PROCESS STATUS SEQUENCE# DELAY_MINS --------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ARCH CLOSING 191 0 ARCH CLOSING 192 0 ARCH CLOSING 187 0 ARCH CLOSING 193 0 LNS WRITING 194 0 standby>select process,status,sequence#,delay_mins from v$managed_standby; PROCESS STATUS SEQUENCE# DELAY_MINS --------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ARCH CLOSING 193 0 ARCH CLOSING 192 0 ARCH CONNECTED 0 0 ARCH CLOSING 191 0 MRP0 APPLYING_LOG 194 0 RFS IDLE 194 0 RFS IDLE 0 0 RFS IDLE 0 0 RFS IDLE 0 0 primary>select * from v$archive_gap; no rows selected standby>select * from v$archive_gap; no rows selected select sequence#,standby_dest,archived,applied,status from v$archived_log order by 1; select group#,bytes,status from v$standby_log;
日常运维管理
SQL> archive log list;
主库与备库当前使用的日志编号相同
停主库的监听程序
lsnrctl stop
关闭主数据库
SQL> shutdown immediate;
查看备库的开启模式
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;
关闭备数据库的归档应用程序
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
主库切换归档日志
SQL> alter system archive log current;
查看备库是否有新应用过来的日志
SQL> select sequence#,applied from v$archived_log;
备库上开启归档日志应用进程
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
检查主备库是否存在GAP
主库检查current sequence#
SQL> select thread#,sequence#,status from v$log;
SQL> select process,sequence#,status from v$managed_standby;
SQL> SELECT PROCESS,THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,STATUS FROM V$MANAGED_STANDBY;
检查是否存在GAP
SQL> SELECT THREAD#,LOW_SEQUENCE#,HIGH_SEQUENCE# FROM V$ARCHIVE_GAP;---由此可判断主备库无GAP，可进行正常switchover切换
SELECT DATABASE_ROLE, DB_UNIQUE_NAME INSTANCE, OPEN_MODE,PROTECTION_MODE, PROTECTION_LEVEL, SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;
--文档参考
--https://www.cndba.cn/leo1990/article/1939
--https://blog.csdn.net/u014257861/article/details/80626257
--https://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6232292
--https://blog.csdn.net/imliuqun123/article/details/76292638
--https://www.cnblogs.com/dc-chen/p/9025872.html
【推荐】国内首个AI IDE，深度理解中文开发场景，立即下载体验Trae
【推荐】编程新体验，更懂你的AI，立即体验豆包MarsCode编程助手
【推荐】抖音旗下AI助手豆包，你的智能百科全书，全免费不限次数
【推荐】轻量又高性能的 SSH 工具 IShell：AI 加持，快人一步
· 10年+ .NET Coder 心语，封装的思维：从隐藏、稳定开始理解其本质意义
· .NET Core 中如何实现缓存的预热？
· 从 HTTP 原因短语缺失研究 HTTP/2 和 HTTP/3 的设计差异
· AI与.NET技术实操系列：向量存储与相似性搜索在 .NET 中的实现
· 基于Microsoft.Extensions.AI核心库实现RAG应用
· TypeScript + Deepseek 打造卜卦网站：技术与玄学的结合
· 阿里巴巴 QwQ-32B真的超越了 DeepSeek R-1吗？
· 【译】Visual Studio 中新的强大生产力特性
· 10年+ .NET Coder 心语 ── 封装的思维：从隐藏、稳定开始理解其本质意义
· 【设计模式】告别冗长if-else语句：使用策略模式优化代码结构