 1 #include "publisher.hpp"
 2 #include <vector>
 3 #include <typeinfo>
 4 
 5 using std::vector;
 6 
 7 void test() {
 8    vector<Publisher *> v;
 9 
10    v.push_back(new Book("Harry Potter", "J.K. Rowling"));
11    v.push_back(new Film("The Godfather", "Francis Ford Coppola"));
12    v.push_back(new Music("Blowing in the wind", "Bob Dylan"));
13 
14    for(auto &ptr: v) {
15         cout << "pointer type: " << typeid(ptr).name() << endl;  // 输出指针类型
16         cout << "RTTI type: " << typeid(*ptr).name() << endl;    // 输出指针指向的对象类型
17         ptr->publish();
18         ptr->use();
19         cout << endl;
20    }
21 }
22 
23 int main() {
24     test();
25 }

View Code

publisher.hpp

 1 #pragma once
 2 
 3 #include <iostream>
 4 #include <string>
 5 
 6 using std::cout;
 7 using std::endl;
 8 using std::string;
 9 
10 // 发行/出版物类：Publisher （抽象类）
11 class Publisher {
12 public:
13     Publisher(const string &s = "");            // 构造函数
14 
15 public:
16     virtual void publish() const = 0;                 // 纯虚函数，作为接口继承
17     virtual void use() const = 0;                     // 纯虚函数，作为接口继承
18 
19 protected:
20     string name;    // 发行/出版物名称
21 };
22 
23 Publisher::Publisher(const string &s): name {s} {
24 }
25 
26 
27 // 图书类: Book
28 class Book: public Publisher {
29 public:
30     Book(const string &s = "", const string &a = "");  // 构造函数
31 
32 public:
33     void publish() const override;        // 接口
34     void use() const override;            // 接口
35 
36 private:
37     string author;          // 作者
38 };
39 
40 Book::Book(const string &s, const string &a): Publisher{s}, author{a} {
41 }
42 
43 void Book::publish() const {
44     cout << "Publishing book: 《" << name << "》 by " << author << endl;
45 }
46 
47 void Book::use() const {
48     cout << "Reading book: " << name << " by " << author << endl;
49 }
50 
51 
52 // 电影类: Film
53 class Film: public Publisher {
54 public:
55     Film(const string &s = "", const string &d = "");   // 构造函数
56 
57 public:
58     void publish() const override;    // 接口
59     void use() const override;        // 接口            
60 
61 private:
62     string director;        // 导演
63 };
64 
65 Film::Film(const string &s, const string &d): Publisher{s}, director{d} {
66 }
67 
68 void Film::publish() const {
69     cout << "Publishing film: <" << name << "> directed by " << director << endl;
70 }
71 
72 void Film::use() const {
73     cout << "Watching film: " << name << " directed by " << director << endl;
74 }
75 
76 
77 // 音乐类：Music
78 class Music: public Publisher {
79 public:
80     Music(const string &s = "", const string &a = "");
81 
82 public:
83     void publish() const override;        // 接口
84     void use() const override;            // 接口
85 
86 private:
87     string artist;      // 音乐艺术家名称
88 };
89 
90 Music::Music(const string &s, const string &a): Publisher{s}, artist{a} {
91 }
92 
93 void Music::publish() const {
94     cout << "Publishing music <" << name << "> by " << artist << endl;
95 }
96 
97 void Music::use() const {
98     cout << "Listening to music: " << name << " by " << artist << endl;
99 }

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运行结果截图：

任务2：

task2.cpp

 1 #include "booksale.hpp"
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 #include <string>
 4 #include <vector>
 5 #include <algorithm>
 6 
 7 // 按图书销售数额比较
 8 bool compare_by_amount(const BookSale &x1, const BookSale &x2) {
 9     return x1.get_amount() > x2.get_amount();
10 }
11 
12 void test() {
13     using namespace std;
14 
15      vector<BookSale> sales_lst;         // 存放图书销售记录
16 
17      int books_number;
18     cout << "录入图书数量: ";
19     cin >> books_number;
20 
21     cout << "录入图书销售记录" << endl;
22     for(int i = 0; i < books_number; ++i) {
23         string name, author, translator, isbn;
24         float price;
25         cout << string(20, '-') << "第" << i+1 << "本图书信息录入" << string(20, '-') << endl;
26         cout << "录入书名: "; cin >> name;
27         cout << "录入作者: "; cin >> author;
28         cout << "录入译者: "; cin >> translator;
29         cout << "录入isbn: "; cin >> isbn;
30         cout << "录入定价: "; cin >> price;
31 
32         Book book(name, author, translator, isbn, price);
33 
34         float sales_price;
35         int sales_amount;
36 
37         cout << "录入售价: "; cin >> sales_price;
38         cout << "录入销售数量: "; cin >> sales_amount;
39 
40         BookSale record(book, sales_price, sales_amount);
41         sales_lst.push_back(record);
42     }
43 
44     // 按销售册数排序
45     sort(sales_lst.begin(), sales_lst.end(), compare_by_amount);
46 
47     // 按销售册数降序输出图书销售信息
48     cout << string(20, '=') <<  "图书销售统计" << string(20, '=') << endl;
49     for(auto &t: sales_lst) {
50         cout << t << endl;
51         cout << string(40, '-') << endl;
52     }
53 }
54 
55 int main() {
56     test();
57 }

View Code

booksale.hpp

 1 #pragma once
 2 
 3 #include "book.hpp"
 4 #include <iostream>
 5 #include <string>
 6 #include <iomanip>
 7 
 8 using std::string;
 9 using std::cout;
10 using std::endl;
11 using std::setw;
12 
13 class BookSale {
14 public:
15     BookSale(const Book &b, float price, int amount);
16     int get_amount() const;
17     
18     friend ostream& operator<<(ostream &out, const BookSale &item);
19 
20 private:
21     Book rb;         
22     float sales_price;      // 售价
23     int sales_amount;       // 销售数量
24     float revenue;          // 营收
25 };
26 
27 // 成员函数实现
28 BookSale::BookSale(const Book &b, float price, int amount): rb{b}, sales_price(price), sales_amount{amount} {  
29     revenue = sales_amount * sales_price;
30 }
31 
32 int BookSale::get_amount() const {
33     return sales_amount;
34 }
35 
36 // 友元函数实现
37 ostream& operator<<(ostream &out, const BookSale &item) {
38     out << left;
39     out << item.rb << endl
40         << setw(15) << "售价:" << item.sales_price << endl
41         << setw(15) << "销售数量:" << item.sales_amount << endl
42         << setw(15) << "营收:" << item.revenue;
43 
44     return out;
45 }

View Code

book.hpp

 1 #pragma once
 2 
 3 #include <string>
 4 #include <iostream>
 5 #include <iomanip>
 6 
 7 using std::string;
 8 using std::ostream;
 9 using std::endl;
10 using std::setw;
11 using std::left;
12 
13 class Book {
14 public:
15     Book(const string &name, const string &author, const string &translator, const string &isbn, float price);
16 
17     friend ostream& operator<<(ostream &out, const Book &book);
18 
19 private:
20     string name;        // 书名
21     string author;      // 作者
22     string translator;  // 译者
23     string isbn;        // isbn号
24     float price;        // 定价
25 };
26 
27 // 成员函数实现
28 Book::Book(const string &name, const string &author, const string &translator, const string &isbn, float price) {
29     this->name = name;
30     this->author = author;
31     this->translator = translator;
32     this->isbn = isbn;
33     this->price = price;
34 }
35 
36 // 友元实现
37 ostream& operator<<(ostream &out, const Book &book) {
38     out << left;
39     out << setw(15) << "书名:" << book.name << endl
40         << setw(15) << "作者:" << book.author << endl
41         << setw(15) << "译者:" << book.translator << endl
42         << setw(15) << "ISBN:" << book.isbn << endl
43         << setw(15) << "定价:" << book.price;
44 
45     return out;
46 }

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运行结果截图：

任务3：

pets.hpp

 1 #pragma once
 2 #include<bits/stdc++.h>
 3 using namespace std;
 4 
 5 class MachinePets{
 6     public:
 7         MachinePets(const string &s):nickname{s}{}
 8         string get_nickname() const{
 9             return nickname;
10         }
11         virtual string talk() const=0;
12     
13     private:
14         string nickname;
15 };
16 
17 class PetCats:public MachinePets{
18     public:
19         PetCats(const string &s):MachinePets{s}{}
20         string talk() const override{
21             return "miao wu~";
22         }
23 };
24 
25 class PetDogs:public MachinePets{
26     public:
27         PetDogs(const string &s):MachinePets{s}{}
28         string talk() const override{
29             return "wang wang~";
30         }
31 };

View Code

task3.cpp

 1 #include <iostream>
 2 #include <vector>
 3 #include "pets.hpp"
 4 
 5 void test() {
 6     using namespace std;
 7 
 8     vector<MachinePets *> pets;
 9 
10     pets.push_back(new PetCats("miku"));
11     pets.push_back(new PetDogs("da huang"));
12 
13     for(auto &ptr: pets)
14         cout <<ptr->get_nickname() << " says " << ptr->talk() << endl;
15 }
16 
17 int main() {
18     test();
19 }

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运行结果截图：

任务4：

film.hpp

 1 #pragma once
 2 #include<bits/stdc++.h>
 3 using namespace std;
 4 
 5 class Film{
 6     public:
 7         Film(const string &name="",const string &director="",const string &state="",const int &time=0);
 8         friend istream& operator>>(istream &is,Film &film){
 9             cout<<"录入片名：";
10             is>>film.name;
11             cout<<"录入导演：";
12             is>>film.director;
13             cout<<"录入制片国家/地区：";
14             is>>film.state;
15             cout<<"录入上映年份：";
16             is>>film.time;
17             return is;
18         }
19         
20         friend ostream& operator<<(ostream &os,const Film &film){
21             os<<left<<setw(15)<<film.name<<setw(15)<<film.director<<setw(15)<<film.state<<setw(15)<<film.time;
22             return os;
23         }
24         
25         int get_time() const{
26             return time;
27         }
28         
29     
30     private:
31         string name;
32         string director;
33         string state;
34         int time;
35 };
36 Film::Film(const string &name,const string &director,const string &state,const int &time){
37     this->name=name;
38     this->director=director;
39     this->state=state;
40     this->time=time;
41 }
42 
43         bool compare_by_year(const Film &a,const Film &b){
44             return a.get_time()<b.get_time();
45         }

View Code

task4.cpp

 1 #include "film.hpp"
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 #include <string>
 4 #include <vector>
 5 #include <algorithm>
 6 
 7 void test() {
 8     using namespace std;
 9     
10     int n;
11     cout << "输入电影数目: ";
12     cin >> n;
13 
14     cout << "录入" << n << "部影片信息" << endl;
15     vector<Film> film_lst;
16     for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
17         Film f;
18         cout << string(20, '-') << "第" << i+1 << "部影片录入" << string(20, '-') << endl;
19         cin >> f;
20         film_lst.push_back(f);
21     }
22 
23     // 按发行年份升序排序
24     sort(film_lst.begin(), film_lst.end(), compare_by_year);
25 
26     cout << string(20, '=') + "电影信息(按发行年份)" +  string(20, '=')<< endl;
27     for(auto &f: film_lst)
28         cout << f << endl;
29 }
30 
31 int main() {
32     test();
33 }

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运行结果截图：

任务5：

Complex.hpp

 1 #pragma once
 2 #include<bits/stdc++.h>
 3 using namespace std;
 4 
 5 template<typename T> 
 6 class Complex{
 7     public:
 8         Complex(const T &r=0,const T &l=0):real{r},imag{l}{}
 9         Complex operator +=(const Complex &c){
10             real+=c.real;
11             imag+=c.imag;
12             return *this;
13         }
14         
15         friend Complex operator+(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2){
16             return Complex <T>(c1.real+c2.real,c1.imag+c2.imag); 
17         }
18         
19         friend bool operator==(const Complex c1,const Complex c2){
20             return c1.real==c2.real&&c2.imag==c1.imag;
21         }
22         
23         friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &out,const Complex &c){
24             if(c.imag>=0)
25               out<<c.real<<"+"<<c.imag<<"i";
26             else
27               out<<c.real<<"-"<<-c.imag<<"i";
28             return out;
29         }
30         
31         friend istream& operator>>(istream& in,Complex &c){
32             in>>c.real>>c.imag;
33             return in;
34         }
35         
36         T get_real() const{
37         return real;}
38         T get_imag() const{
39         return imag;}
40         
41     private:
42         T real;
43         T imag;
44 };

View Code

task5.cpp

 1 #include "Complex.hpp"
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 
 4 using std::cin;
 5 using std::cout;
 6 using std::endl;
 7 using std::boolalpha;
 8 
 9 void test1() {
10     Complex<int> c1(2, -5), c2(c1);
11 
12     cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
13     cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
14     cout << "c1 + c2 = " << c1 + c2 << endl;
15     
16     c1 += c2;
17     cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
18     cout << boolalpha << (c1 == c2) << endl;
19 }
20 
21 void test2() {
22     Complex<double> c1, c2;
23     cout << "Enter c1 and c2: ";
24     cin >> c1 >> c2;
25     cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
26     cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
27 
28     cout << "c1.real = " << c1.get_real() << endl;
29     cout << "c1.imag = " << c1.get_imag() << endl;
30 }
31 
32 int main() {
33     cout << "自定义类模板Complex测试1: " << endl;
34     test1();
35 
36     cout << endl;
37 
38     cout << "自定义类模板Complex测试2: " << endl;
39     test2();
40 }

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运行结果截图：

任务6：

account.cpp

 1 #include "account.h"
 2 #include <cmath>
 3 #include<iostream>
 4 using namespace std;
 5 double Account::total = 0;
 6 Account::Account(const Date& date, const string& id) :id(id), balance(0) {
 7     date.show();
 8     cout << "\t#" << id << "created" << endl;
 9 }
10 void Account::record(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
11     amount = floor(amount * 100 + 0.5) / 100;
12     balance += amount;
13     total += amount;
14     date.show();
15     cout << "\t#" << id << "\t" << amount << "\t" << balance << "\t" << desc << endl;
16 }
17 void Account::show()const { cout << id << "\tBalance:" << balance; }
18 void Account::error(const string& msg)const {
19     cout << "Error(#" << id << "):" << msg << endl;
20 }
21 SavingsAccount::SavingsAccount(const Date& date, const string& id, double rate) :Account(date, id), rate(rate), acc(date, 0) {}
22 void SavingsAccount::deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
23     record(date, amount, desc);
24     acc.change(date, getBalance());
25 }
26 void SavingsAccount::withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
27     if (amount > getBalance()) {
28         error("not enough money");
29     }
30     else {
31         record(date, -amount, desc);
32         acc.change(date, getBalance());
33     }
34 }
35 void SavingsAccount::settle(const Date& date) {
36     if (date.getMonth() == 1) {
37         double interest = acc.getSum(date) * rate / (date - Date(date.getYear() - 1, 1, 1));
38         if (interest != 0) record(date, interest, "interest");
39         acc.reset(date, getBalance());
40     }
41 }
42 CreditAccount::CreditAccount(const Date& date, const string& id, double credit, double rate, double fee) :Account(date, id), credit(credit), rate(rate), fee(fee), acc(date, 0) {}
43 void CreditAccount::deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
44     record(date, amount, desc);
45     acc.change(date, getDebt());
46 }
47 void CreditAccount::withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
48     if (amount - getBalance() > credit) {
49         error("not enouogh credit");
50     }
51     else {
52         record(date, -amount, desc);
53         acc.change(date, getDebt());
54     }
55 }
56 void CreditAccount::settle(const Date& date) {
57     double interest = acc.getSum(date) * rate;
58     if (interest != 0) record(date, interest, "interest");
59     if (date.getMonth() == 1)record(date, -fee, "annual fee");
60     acc.reset(date, getDebt());
61 }
62 void CreditAccount::show()const {
63     Account::show();
64     cout << "\tAvailable credit:" << getAvailableCredit();
65 }

View Code

account.h

 1 #pragma once
 2 #include"date.h"
 3 #include"accumulator.h"
 4 #include<string>
 5 using namespace std;
 6 class Account {
 7 private:
 8     string id;
 9     double balance;
10     static double total;
11 protected:
12     Account(const Date& date, const string& id);
13     void record(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc);
14     void error(const string& msg) const;
15 public:const string& getId() { return id; }
16       double getBalance()const { return balance; }
17       static double getTotal() { return total; }
18       virtual void deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) = 0;
19       virtual void withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) = 0;
20       virtual void settle(const Date& date) = 0;
21       virtual void show()const;
22 };
23 class SavingsAccount :public Account {
24 private:
25     Accumulator acc;
26     double rate;
27 public:
28     SavingsAccount(const Date& date, const string& id, double rate);
29     double getRate() const { return  rate; }
30     void deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc);
31     void withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc);
32     void settle(const Date& date);
33 };
34 class CreditAccount :public Account {
35 private:
36     Accumulator acc;
37     double credit;
38     double rate;
39     double fee;
40     double getDebt()const {
41         double balance = getBalance();
42         return(balance < 0 ? balance : 0);
43     }
44 public:CreditAccount(const Date& date, const string& id, double credit, double rate, double fee);
45       double getCredit()const { return credit; }
46       double getRate()const { return rate; }
47       double getFee() const { return fee; }
48       double getAvailableCredit()const {
49           if (getBalance() < 0)return credit + getBalance();
50           else return credit;
51       }
52       void deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc);
53       void withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc);
54       void settle(const Date& date);
55       void show()const;
56 };

View Code

accumulator.h

 1 #pragma once
 2 #include "date.h"
 3 class Accumulator {
 4 private:
 5     Date lastDate;
 6     double value;
 7     double sum;
 8 public:
 9     Accumulator(const Date& date, double value) :lastDate(date), value(value), sum{ 0 } {}
10     double getSum(const Date& date) const {
11         return sum + value * (date-lastDate);
12     }
13     void change(const Date& date, double value) {
14         sum = getSum(date);
15         lastDate = date;
16         this->value = value;
17     }
18     void reset(const Date& date, double value) {
19         lastDate = date;
20         this->value=value;
21         sum = 0;
22     }
23 };

View Code

date.cpp

 1 #include"date.h"
 2 #include<iostream>
 3 #include<cstdlib>
 4 using namespace std;
 5 namespace {
 6     const int DAYS_BEFIRE_MONTH[] = { 0,31,59,90,120,151,181,212,243,273,304 ,334,365 };
 7 }
 8 Date::Date(int year, int month, int day) :year(year), month(month), day(day) {
 9     if (day <= 0 || day > getMaxDay()) {
10         cout << "Invalid date: ";
11         show();
12         cout << endl;
13         exit(1);
14     }
15     int years = year - 1;
16     totalDays = years * 365 + years / 4 - years / 100 + years / 400 + DAYS_BEFIRE_MONTH[month - 1] + day;
17     if (isLeapYear() && month > 2) totalDays++;
18 }
19 int Date::getMaxDay()const {
20     if (isLeapYear() && month == 2)
21         return 29;
22     else return DAYS_BEFIRE_MONTH[month] - DAYS_BEFIRE_MONTH[month - 1];
23 }
24 void Date::show()const {
25     cout << getYear() << "-" << getMonth() << "-" << getDay();
26 }

View Code

date.h

 1 #pragma once
 2 class Date {
 3 private:
 4     int year;
 5     int month;
 6     int day;
 7     int totalDays;
 8 public:
 9     Date(int year, int month, int day);
10     int getYear()const { return year; }
11     int getMonth()const { return month; }
12     int getDay()const { return day; }
13     int getMaxDay()const;
14     bool isLeapYear()const {
15         return (year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0 )|| year % 400 == 0;
16     }
17     void show() const;
18     int operator-(const Date& date)const {
19         return totalDays - date.totalDays;
20     }
21 };

View Code

main.cpp

 1 #include"account.h"
 2 #include<iostream>
 3 using namespace std;
 4 int main() {
 5     Date date(2008, 11, 1);
 6     SavingsAccount sa1(date, "S3755217", 0.015);
 7     SavingsAccount sa2(date, "02342342", 0.015);
 8     CreditAccount ca(date, "C5392394", 10000, 0.0005, 50);
 9     Account* accounts[] = { &sa1,&sa2,&ca };
10     const int n = sizeof(accounts) / sizeof(Account*);
11     cout << "(d)deposit (w)withdraw (s)show (c)change day (n)next month (e)exit" << endl;
12     char cmd;
13     do {
14         date.show();
15         cout << "\tTotal:" << Account::getTotal() << "\tcommand>";
16         int index, day;
17         double amount;
18         string desc;
19         cin >> cmd;
20         switch (cmd) {
21         case 'd':
22             cin >> index >> amount;
23             getline(cin, desc);
24             accounts[index]->deposit(date, amount, desc);
25             break;
26 
27         case 'w':
28             cin >> index >> amount;
29             getline(cin, desc);
30             accounts[index]->withdraw(date, amount, desc);
31             break;
32         case 's':
33             for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
34                 cout << "[" << i << "]";
35                 accounts[i]->show();
36                 cout << endl;
37             }
38             break;
39 
40         case 'c':
41             cin >> day;
42             if (day < date.getDay()) {
43                 cout << "You cannot specify a previous day";
44             }
45             else if (day > date.getMaxDay())
46                 cout << "Invalid day";
47             else date = Date(date.getYear(), date.getMonth(), day);
48             break;
49         case 'n':
50             if (date.getMonth() == 12)
51                 date = Date(date.getYear() + 1, 1, 1);
52             else date = Date(date.getYear(), date.getMonth() + 1, 1);
53             for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
54                 accounts[i]->settle(date);
55             }
56             break;
57         }
58     } while (cmd != 'e');
59     return 0;
60 }

View Code

运行结果截图：

使用了多态和重载运算符，使功能更完善，运用更方便。

posted on 2024-12-08 20:39 於泓瑾阅读(9) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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