DNS-学习目录
1、nslookup、host、dig难易度比较
通用性 使用 难易度
nslookup 支持多平台、应用广泛 使用简单、易懂
dig 常用语linux系统 比较专业
host 较多 简单、明了
2、host
2.1、查询SOA记录
# 自定义的域名
~]# host -t SOA example.com
example.com has SOA record example.com. sa.example.com. 2023051644 10800 900 604800 86400
~]# host -t SOA baidu.com
baidu.com has SOA record dns.baidu.com. sa.baidu.com. 2012146599 300 300 2592000 7200
2.2、查询NS记录
~]# host -t NS baidu.com
baidu.com name server ns3.baidu.com.
baidu.com name server ns4.baidu.com.
baidu.com name server ns2.baidu.com.
baidu.com name server dns.baidu.com.
baidu.com name server ns7.baidu.com.
2.3、查询A记录
~]# host -t A baidu.com
baidu.com has address 39.156.66.10
baidu.com has address 110.242.68.66
3、nslookup
3.1、查询A记录
~]# nslookup www.baidu.com
Server: 192.168.10.2
Address: 192.168.10.2#53
Non-authoritative answer:
www.baidu.com canonical name = www.a.shifen.com.
Name: www.a.shifen.com
Address: 120.232.145.144
Name: www.a.shifen.com
Address: 120.232.145.185
3.2、查询SOA记录
~]# nslookup
> set q=soa
> baidu.com
Server: 192.168.10.2
Address: 192.168.10.2#53
Non-authoritative answer:
baidu.com
origin = dns.baidu.com
mail addr = sa.baidu.com
serial = 2012146599
refresh = 300
retry = 300
expire = 2592000
minimum = 7200
Authoritative answers can be found from:
baidu.com nameserver = ns1.baidu.com.
baidu.com nameserver = ns7.baidu.com.
baidu.com nameserver = ns2.baidu.com.
baidu.com nameserver = ns4.baidu.com.
baidu.com nameserver = ns3.baidu.com.
ns2.baidu.com internet address = 220.181.33.31
ns3.baidu.com internet address = 36.152.45.193
ns3.baidu.com internet address = 112.80.248.64
ns4.baidu.com internet address = 14.215.178.80
ns4.baidu.com internet address = 111.45.3.226
ns1.baidu.com internet address = 110.242.68.134
ns7.baidu.com internet address = 180.76.76.92
ns7.baidu.com has AAAA address 240e:940:603:4:0:ff:b01b:589a
ns7.baidu.com has AAAA address 240e:bf:b801:1002:0:ff:b024:26de
4、dig
4.1、通过哪个 dns 来解析域名【正向解析】
~]# dig www.baidu.com @8.8.8.8 +short
www.a.shifen.com.
120.232.145.185
120.232.145.144
4.2、查询PTR记录【反向解析】
~]# dig -x 192.168.10.18 @192.168.10.19 +short
www.example.com.
4.3、查询A记录
~]# dig -t a baidu.com +short
110.242.68.66
39.156.66.10
4.4、dig查看区域传送配置
~]# dig -t AXFR example.com @192.168.10.19
; <<>> DiG 9.11.4-P2-RedHat-9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.13 <<>> -t AXFR example.com @192.168.10.19
;; global options: +cmd
example.com. 600 IN SOA example.com. sa.example.com. 2023051644 10800 900 604800 86400
example.com. 600 IN NS ns.example.com.
ns.example.com. 600 IN A 192.168.10.19
test.example.com. 600 IN A 2.2.2.2
www.example.com. 600 IN A 1.1.1.1
example.com. 600 IN SOA example.com. sa.example.com. 2023051644 10800 900 604800 86400
;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.10.19#53(192.168.10.19)
;; WHEN: Sun May 07 21:16:49 CST 2023
;; XFR size: 6 records (messages 1, bytes 189)
