建站笔记1：centos6.5下安装mysql

近期买了个域名，想要玩玩自己建站点：接下来遇到的问题都会一次记录下来。以备自己以后复习查看：
首先建站方案选择： wordPress +centos6.5 +mysql;

server买的：搬瓦工最低配置，事实上主要用来使用vpn。(
你懂的,感兴趣的能够翻看我曾经的博客)。

 地址：https://bandwagonhost.com 

wordpress 下载地址：https://cn.wordpress.org

域名是百度开放云买的。推荐，非常优惠啊！
 

第一个问题：centos6.5下安装mysql: 參考链接：http://www.centoscn.com/mysql/2014/0812/3481.html

1.使用yum命令安装mysql
[root@bogon ~]#  yum -y install mysql-server
2.设置开机启动
[root@bogon ~]#  chkconfig mysqld on
3.启动MySQL服务
[root@bogon ~]#  service mysqld start
4.设置MySQL的root用户设置密码
[root@bogon ~]#  mysql -u root
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+----------+
| user | host      | password |
+------+-----------+----------+
| root | localhost |          |
| root | bogon     |          |
| root | 127.0.0.1 |          |
|      | localhost |          |
|      | bogon     |          |
+------+-----------+----------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
查询用户的密码，都为空。用以下的命令设置root的密码为root
mysql> set password for root@localhost=password('root');
mysql> exit
5.用新密码登陆
[root@bogon ~]#  mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
6.创建mysql新用户test_user
mysql> create user 'test_user'@'%' identified by 'test_user';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
7.给新用户test_user授权，让他能够从外部登陆和本地登陆
注意：@左边是username，右边是域名、IP和%。表示能够訪问mysql的域名和IP，%表示外部不论什么地址都能訪问。
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'test_user'@'localhost' identified by 'test_user';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'test_user'@'%' identified by 'test_user';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+----------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| user     | host      | password                                  |
+----------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| root     | localhost | *81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B |
| root     | bogon     |                                           |
| root     | 127.0.0.1 |                                           |
|          | localhost |                                           |
|          | bogon     |                                           |
| test_user | %         | *3046CF87132BBD4FDDF06F321C6859074843B7D3 |
| test_user | localhost | *3046CF87132BBD4FDDF06F321C6859074843B7D3 |
+----------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
8.查看mysql5.1的默认存储引擎
从以下的运行结果能够看出，mysql的默认引擎是MyISAM。这个引擎是不支持事务的。
mysql> show engines;
+------------+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| Engine     | Support | Comment                                                    | Transactions | XA   | Savepoints |
+------------+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| MRG_MYISAM | YES     | Collection of identical MyISAM tables                      | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| CSV        | YES     | CSV storage engine                                         | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| MyISAM     | DEFAULT | Default engine as of MySQL 3.23 with great performance     | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| InnoDB     | YES     | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys | YES          | YES  | YES        |
| MEMORY     | YES     | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables  | NO           | NO   | NO         |
+------------+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
也能够以以下的方式查看
mysql> show variables like 'storage_engine';
+----------------+--------+
| Variable_name  | Value  |
+----------------+--------+
| storage_engine | MyISAM |
+----------------+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
9.改动mysql的默认引擎为InnoDB
9.1 停止mysql
mysql> exit;
[root@bogon ~]# service mysqld stop
9.2 改动/etc/my.cnf
[mysqld] 后加入
default-storage-engine=InnoDB
加入后my.cnf的内容为：
[root@bogon etc]# more my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

default-storage-engine=InnoDB

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
9.3 启动mysql
[root@bogon etc]# service mysqld start
Starting mysqld:  [  OK  ]
9.4 查看mysql默认存储引擎
[root@bogon etc]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show variables like 'storage_engine';
+----------------+--------+
| Variable_name  | Value  |
+----------------+--------+
| storage_engine | InnoDB |
+----------------+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
10.CentOS6.5开放mysql端口3306
CentOS6.5默认是不开放端口的。假设要让外部的系统訪问CentOS6.5上的mysql，必须开放mysql的端口3306
10.1 改动/etc/sysconfig/iptables
加入以下一行
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
改动后iptables中的内容是
[root@bogon etc]# more /etc/sysconfig/iptables
# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall
# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
#加入配置项
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 11211 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

COMMIT
11.重新启动防火墙
[root@bogon etc]# service iptables restart