数据库设计--数据的垂直拆分

    假设表字段太多。假设表中有些字段比較大。即便是你仅仅查有限的几个字段,在做表关联和全表扫的时候,由于扫描的数据块多。性能方面还是会不理想。由于oracle扫描的时候是依照块为单位扫描,读取的时候也是按块为单位读取,所以这样的功能无法在SQL层面上优化的时候,能够考虑做数据的垂直切分,以下来做个试验:

--制造数据不做垂直切分
create table test(
  a number,
  b varchar2(4000),
  c varchar2(4000),
  d varchar2(4000),
  e varchar2(4000),
  f varchar2(4000),
  g varchar2(4000),
  h varchar2(4000)
);
INSERT INTO test
  SELECT ROWNUM,
         rpad('*', 4000, 1),
         rpad('*', 4000, 1),
         rpad('*', 4000, 1),
         rpad('*', 4000, 1),
         rpad('*', 4000, 1),
         rpad('*', 4000, 1),
         rpad('*', 4000, 1)
    FROM DUAL
  CONNECT BY ROWNUM <= 100000;
commit;
create table test1 as select * from  test;

--制造数据做垂直切分
create table test_cuizhi(
  a number
);
INSERT INTO test_cuizhi
  SELECT ROWNUM
    FROM DUAL
  CONNECT BY ROWNUM <= 100000;
commit;
create table test_cuizhi1 as select * from  test_cuizhi;

--開始測试,仅仅是取两个最小的字段
SQL> set timing on
SQL> set autotrace traceonly
SQL> select t.a,t1.a from test t, test1  t1 where t.a=t1.a;
已选择100000行。
已用时间:  00: 00: 53.17
运行计划
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 2400077556
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation          | Name  | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT   |       | 44504 |  1129K|   173K  (1)| 00:34:38 |
|*  1 |  HASH JOIN         |       | 44504 |  1129K|   173K  (1)| 00:34:38 |
|   2 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST  | 44504 |   564K| 87801   (1)| 00:17:34 |
|   3 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST1 |   117K|  1490K| 85344   (1)| 00:17:05 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
   1 - access("T"."A"="T1"."A")
Note
-----
   - dynamic sampling used for this statement
统计信息
----------------------------------------------------------
         52  recursive calls
          0  db block gets
     795627  consistent gets
     534917  physical reads
          0  redo size
    1664840  bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
      73664  bytes received via SQL*Net from client
       6668  SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
          2  sorts (memory)
          0  sorts (disk)
     100000  rows processed
SQL> /
已选择100000行。
已用时间:  00: 00: 33.36
运行计划
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 2400077556
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation          | Name  | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT   |       | 44504 |  1129K|   173K  (1)| 00:34:38 |
|*  1 |  HASH JOIN         |       | 44504 |  1129K|   173K  (1)| 00:34:38 |
|   2 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST  | 44504 |   564K| 87801   (1)| 00:17:34 |
|   3 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST1 |   117K|  1490K| 85344   (1)| 00:17:05 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
   1 - access("T"."A"="T1"."A")
Note
-----
   - dynamic sampling used for this statement
统计信息
----------------------------------------------------------
          0  recursive calls
          0  db block gets
     795446  consistent gets
     552087  physical reads
          0  redo size
    1664840  bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
      73664  bytes received via SQL*Net from client
       6668  SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
          0  sorts (memory)
          0  sorts (disk)
     100000  rows processed


SQL> select t.a,t1.a from test_cuizhi t, test_cuizhi1  t1 where t.a=t1.a;
已选择100000行。
已用时间:  00: 00: 06.17
运行计划
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 2501302817
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation          | Name         | Rows  | Bytes |TempSpc| Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT   |              | 88629 |  2250K|       |   310   (2)| 00:00:04 |
|*  1 |  HASH JOIN         |              | 88629 |  2250K|  2168K|   310   (2)| 00:00:04 |
|   2 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST_CUIZHI  | 88629 |  1125K|       |    42   (3)| 00:00:01 |
|   3 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST_CUIZHI1 |   101K|  1288K|       |    39   (3)| 00:00:01 |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
   1 - access("T"."A"="T1"."A")
Note
-----
   - dynamic sampling used for this statement


统计信息
----------------------------------------------------------
         52  recursive calls
          0  db block gets
       7139  consistent gets
        153  physical reads
          0  redo size
    1664840  bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
      73664  bytes received via SQL*Net from client
       6668  SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
          2  sorts (memory)
          0  sorts (disk)
     100000  rows processed


SQL> /
已选择100000行。


已用时间:  00: 00: 06.06
运行计划
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 2501302817
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation          | Name         | Rows  | Bytes |TempSpc| Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT   |              | 88629 |  2250K|       |   310   (2)| 00:00:04 |
|*  1 |  HASH JOIN         |              | 88629 |  2250K|  2168K|   310   (2)| 00:00:04 |
|   2 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST_CUIZHI  | 88629 |  1125K|       |    42   (3)| 00:00:01 |
|   3 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST_CUIZHI1 |   101K|  1288K|       |    39   (3)| 00:00:01 |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
   1 - access("T"."A"="T1"."A")
Note
-----
   - dynamic sampling used for this statement
统计信息
----------------------------------------------------------
          0  recursive calls
          0  db block gets
       7008  consistent gets
          0  physical reads
          0  redo size
    1664840  bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
      73664  bytes received via SQL*Net from client
       6668  SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
          0  sorts (memory)
          0  sorts (disk)
     100000  rows processed

posted @ 2017-06-19 18:57  yfceshi  阅读(284)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报