赖氏经典英语语法—介词5：above, over, below…

17.above

"在……之上", 空间/离开表面之上=over	some birds are flying above/over the city.
地理位置在……上方	beijing is located above shanghaI on the map.
超越/超过 + 数词	no one above the age of 26 can stay in the youth hostel. 年龄超过26岁的人，不能入住这家青年旅社。
不屑 be above + doing 不屑/不愿做… be not above + doing愿意做…	he is above cheating. 他不屑于诈骗别人。 he is not above asking question. 他总是不耻下问。

18.over

在…之上，悬空状态 = above	be over/above the city.
覆盖在…之上，接触物体的状态	he put his hands over her face.
(悬空)掠过，动词连用jump	jump over the wall.
地方名词连用，某地方的另一头	somewhere over there. I live over the road.我住在马路那头
over + 数词连用，超过… =more than + 数词	more than/over twenty people were seriously injured in the traffic accident.
驾驭名词/动词连用。统治支配… have authority/ control /power over… 有支配/指挥…的权利 rule over…统治…	the president has authority over the army. 总统有权指挥军队。 the king has ruled over the people for ten years. 这个国王已经统治人民十年了。
咖啡茶三餐连用 吃/喝了…一段时间	we talked over a cup of tea. we talked over dinner.

19.below

在(某物体)的下方	write below the line. below the bridge.
(数量)少于，(地位)低于	he is a man below fifty.

20.beneath

(某空间)正下方	they live beneath the same roof. 他们住在同一个屋檐下。
(身份，地位，智力等)低于…=below	frank is far beneath daniel in intelligence. 弗兰克的智力远不及丹尼尔
与……不相称，不值得 it's beneath sb to do. 从事…有失某人的身份。 marry beneath oneself. 与社会地位比自己低的人结婚。	it's beneath you to do this kind of thing. 做这种事有失你的身份。 she doesn't mind marrying beneath herself. 她不介意与一个社会地位比自己低的人结婚。

21.under

在(某物体)的下面	under the tree under the bed.
低于…少于…	under 7 years old.
在…支配/控制/影响下	under the president under the influence of drugs. he told the truth under the influence of wine. 他在酒醉后吐露了实情。
承受着(重担，压力) 在…情况/状态下	under the heavy pressure work 在沉重的工作压力下。 under any circumstance在任何情况下。 under construction 施工中。 she collapsed under the burden of debt. 他在背负债务的重担崩溃了。 don't tell others the secret under any circumstance. 在任何情况下，都不要告诉别人这个秘密。
接受(考验，刑罚，手术)	under an eye operation.接受眼部手术。 under penalty.受到处罚。
以…的名义/形式，假借…	under a false name以假名 under the guise of a woman假扮成女人。
依照/依据(约定，法令)	all people are equal under the u.s. constitution. 根据美国宪法，人人皆而平等。
属于…项目	novels come under literature. 小说属于文学类。

22.underneath

在…之下	underneath the table =under the table =beneath the table.

 

over正under