分布式事务-seata
分布式事务问题
分布式前:单机单库是没有问题的
分布式后:单体应用被拆分成微服务应用,原来的三个模块被拆分成三个独立的应用,分别使用三个独立的数据源,业务操作需要调用三个服务来完成。
此时每个服务内部的数据一致性由本地事务来保证,但是全局的数据一致性问题没法保证。
用户购买商品的业务逻辑。整个业务逻辑由3个微服务提供支持:
仓储服务:对给定的商品扣除仓储数量。
订单服务:根据采购需求创建订单。
帐户服务:从用户帐户中扣除余额。
Seata简介
是什么
Seata 是一款开源的分布式事务解决方案,致力于提供高性能和简单易用的分布式事务服务。Seata 将为用户提供了 AT、TCC、SAGA 和 XA 事务模式,为用户打造一站式的分布式解决方案。
能干嘛
一个典型的分布式事务过程
-
分布式事条处理过程的一个ID+三组件模型
- Transaction lD XID------全局唯一的事务ID
- 3组件概念
- Transaction Coordinator (TC)------事务协调者,维护全局和分支事务的状态,驱动全局事务提交或回滚。
- Transaction Manager (TM)------事务管理器,控制全局事务的边界,负责开启一个全局事务,并最终发起全局提交或全局回滚的决议。
- Resource Manager (RM)------资源管理器,负责分支注册、状态汇报,并接收事务协调器的指令,驱动分支(本地)事务的提交和回滚。
-
处理过程
1.TM向TC申请开启一个全局事务,全局事务创建成功并生成一个全局唯一的XID;
2.XID在微服务调用链路的上下文中传播;
3.RM向TC注册分支事务,将其纳入XID 对应全局事务的管辖;
4.TM向TC发起针对XID的全局提交或回滚决议;
5.TC调度XID下管辖的全部分支事务完成提交或回滚请求。
下载
https://github.com/seata/seata/releases
怎么玩
- 本地@Transactional
- 全局@GlobalTransactional
SEATA的分布式交易解决方案
我们只需要使用一个@GlobalTransactional注解在业务方法上:
Seata-Server安装
下载版本:seata-server-1.4.0.zip
seata-server-1.4.0
registry.conf修改
registry {
# file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
type = "nacos"
loadBalance = "RandomLoadBalance"
loadBalanceVirtualNodes = 10
nacos {
application = "seata-server"
serverAddr = "192.168.40.16:8848"
group = "SEATA_GROUP"
namespace = ""
cluster = "default"
username = "nacos"
password = "nacos"
}
}
config {
# file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3
type = "nacos"
nacos {
serverAddr = "192.168.40.16:8848"
namespace = ""
group = "SEATA_GROUP"
username = "nacos"
password = "nacos"
}
}
file.conf修改:
## transaction log store, only used in seata-server
store {
## store mode: file、db、redis
mode = "db"
## database store property
db {
## the implement of javax.sql.DataSource, such as DruidDataSource(druid)/BasicDataSource(dbcp)/HikariDataSource(hikari) etc.
datasource = "druid"
## mysql/oracle/postgresql/h2/oceanbase etc.
dbType = "mysql"
driverClassName = "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"
url = "jdbc:mysql://192.168.40.148:3306/seata?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true"
user = "root"
password = "Huawei@123"
minConn = 5
maxConn = 100
globalTable = "global_table"
branchTable = "branch_table"
lockTable = "lock_table"
queryLimit = 100
maxWait = 5000
}
}
创建数据库
创建数据库seata,并建立下面三张表(branch_table, global_table, lock_table),创建undo_log表放到业务库中
-- the table to store GlobalSession data
drop table if exists `global_table`;
create table `global_table` (
`xid` varchar(128) not null,
`transaction_id` bigint,
`status` tinyint not null,
`application_id` varchar(32),
`transaction_service_group` varchar(32),
`transaction_name` varchar(128),
`timeout` int,
`begin_time` bigint,
`application_data` varchar(2000),
`gmt_create` datetime,
`gmt_modified` datetime,
primary key (`xid`),
key `idx_gmt_modified_status` (`gmt_modified`, `status`),
key `idx_transaction_id` (`transaction_id`)
);
-- the table to store BranchSession data
drop table if exists `branch_table`;
create table `branch_table` (
`branch_id` bigint not null,
`xid` varchar(128) not null,
`transaction_id` bigint ,
`resource_group_id` varchar(32),
`resource_id` varchar(256) ,
`lock_key` varchar(128) ,
`branch_type` varchar(8) ,
`status` tinyint,
`client_id` varchar(64),
`application_data` varchar(2000),
`gmt_create` datetime,
`gmt_modified` datetime,
primary key (`branch_id`),
key `idx_xid` (`xid`)
);
-- the table to store lock data
drop table if exists `lock_table`;
create table `lock_table` (
`row_key` varchar(128) not null,
`xid` varchar(96),
`transaction_id` long ,
`branch_id` long,
`resource_id` varchar(256) ,
`table_name` varchar(32) ,
`pk` varchar(36) ,
`gmt_create` datetime ,
`gmt_modified` datetime,
primary key(`row_key`)
);
-- the table to store seata xid data
-- 0.7.0+ add context
-- you must to init this sql for you business databese. the seata server not need it.
-- 此脚本必须初始化在你当前的业务数据库中,用于AT 模式XID记录。与server端无关(注:业务数据库)
-- 注意此处0.3.0+ 增加唯一索引 ux_undo_log
drop table `undo_log`;
CREATE TABLE `undo_log` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
`xid` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
`context` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
`rollback_info` longblob NOT NULL,
`log_status` int(11) NOT NULL,
`log_created` datetime NOT NULL,
`log_modified` datetime NOT NULL,
`ext` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`,`branch_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
启动
seata-1.4\bin目录下:双击 seata-server.bat
nacos中查看服务是否注册成功
seata-1.4.0
解压安装包,并修改配置
修改config.txt
路径:script\config-center
修改service.vgroupMapping和数据库地址
service.vgroupMapping.system-server-group=default
service.vgroupMapping.product-server-group=default
store.mode=db
store.db.datasource=druid
store.db.dbType=mysql
store.db.driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
store.db.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.40.148:3306/seata?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true
store.db.user=root
store.db.password=Huawei@123
store.db.minConn=5
store.db.maxConn=30
store.db.globalTable=global_table
store.db.branchTable=branch_table
store.db.queryLimit=100
store.db.lockTable=lock_table
store.db.maxWait=5000注:
service.vgroupMapping.system-server-group=default
service.vgroupMapping.product-server-group=defaultsystem-server-group、product-server-group 与项目模块中yml配置的seata.tx-service-group内容相同
启动nacos-config.sh
将配置注入到nacos中
在seata-server-1.4.0\script\config-center\nacos目录下,右键 Git Bash Here
输入命令:
sh nacos-config.sh -h 192.168.40.16 -p 8848 -g SEATA_GROUP -u nacos -w nacos
返回成功
nacos中查看配置
订单/库存/账户业务数据库准备
以下演示都需要先启动Nacos后启动Seata,保证两个都OK
分布式事务业务说明
业务说明
这里我们会创建三个服务,一个订单服务,一个库存服务,一个账户服务。
当用户下单时,会在订单服务中创建一个订单,然后通过远程调用 库存服务 来扣减下单商品的库存,再通过远程调用 账户服务 来扣减用户账户里面的余额,
最后在订单服务中修改订单状态为已完成。
该操作跨越三个数据库,有两次远程调用,很明显会有分布式事务问题。
下订单--->扣库存--->减账户(余额)
创建业务数据库
seata_order:存储订单的数据库;
seata_storage:存储库存的数据库;
seata_account:存储账户信息的数据库。
建库SQL
CREATE DATABASE seata_order;
CREATE DATABASE seata_storage;
CREATE DATABASE seata_account;
按照上述3库分别建对应业务表
seata_order库下建t_order表
CREATE TABLE t_order (
id BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
user_id BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户id',
product_id BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '产品id',
count INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '数量',
money DECIMAL(11,0) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '金额',
status INT(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '订单状态: 0: 创建中; 1∶ 已完结'
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=7 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
SELECT * FROM t_order;
seata_storage库下建t_storage表
use seata_storage;
CREATE TABLE t_storage (
id BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
product_id BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '产品id',
total INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '总库存',
used INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '已用库存',
residue INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '剩余库存'
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO seata_storage.t_storage(id, product_id, total, used, residue) VALUES('1', '1', '100', '0', '100');
SELECT * FROM t_storage;
seata_account库下建t_account表
use seata_account;
CREATE TABLE t_account (
id BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY COMMENT 'id',
user_id BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户id',
total DECIMAL(10,0) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '总额度',
used DECIMAL(10,0) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '已用余额',
residue DECIMAL(10,0) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '剩余可用额度'
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO seata_account.t_account(id, user_id, total, used, residue) VALUES('1', '1', '1000', '0', '1000');
SELECT * FROM t_account;
按照上述3库分别建对应的回滚日志表
订单-库存-账户3个库下都需要建各自的回滚日志表
-- the table to store seata xid data
-- 0.7.0+ add context
-- you must to init this sql for you business databese. the seata server not need it.
-- 此脚本必须初始化在你当前的业务数据库中,用于AT 模式XID记录。与server端无关(注:业务数据库)
-- 注意此处0.3.0+ 增加唯一索引 ux_undo_log
drop table `undo_log`;
CREATE TABLE `undo_log` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
`xid` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
`context` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
`rollback_info` longblob NOT NULL,
`log_status` int(11) NOT NULL,
`log_created` datetime NOT NULL,
`log_modified` datetime NOT NULL,
`ext` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`,`branch_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
最终效果
订单/库存/账户业务微服务准备
业务需求
下订单->减库存->扣余额->改(订单)状态
新建订单Order-Module
1.seata-order-service2001
2.POM
<!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?-->
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemalocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactid>springcloud</artifactid>
<groupid>com.zy</groupid>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelversion>4.0.0</modelversion>
<artifactid>seata-order-service2001</artifactid>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupid>com.alibaba.cloud</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>com.alibaba.cloud</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactid>
<exclusions><!--排除-->
<exclusion>
<groupid>io.seata</groupid>
<artifactid>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactid>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>io.seata</groupid>
<artifactid>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactid>
<version>1.4.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.cloud</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>com.alibaba</groupid>
<artifactid>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactid>
</dependency>
<!--mysql-connector-java-->
<dependency>
<groupid>mysql</groupid>
<artifactid>mysql-connector-java</artifactid>
</dependency>
<!--jdbc-->
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactid>
</dependency>
<!-- 自动热部署 -->
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-devtools</artifactid>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.projectlombok</groupid>
<artifactid>lombok</artifactid>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactid>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
3.YML
server:
port: 2001
seata:
enabled: true
tx-service-group: my_test_tx_group
registry:
type: nacos
nacos:
application: seata-server
server-addr: 192.168.40.16:8848
username: nacos
password: nacos
cluster: default
group: SEATA_GROUP
config:
nacos:
server-addr: 192.168.40.16:8848
username: nacos
password: nacos
service:
vgroup-mapping:
my_test_tx_group: default
disable-global-transaction: false
client:
rm:
report-success-enable: false
spring:
application:
name: seata-order-service
cloud:
alibaba:
seata:
enabled: true
# 自定义事务组名称雷要与config.txt中的service.vgroupMapping.my_test_tx_group=default对应
tx-service-group: my_test_tx_group
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: 192.168.40.16:8848 #配置nacos地址
username: nacos
password: nacos
group: SEATA_GROUP
datasource:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.40.148:3306/seata_order?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true&useSSL=false
username: root
password: Huawei@123
feign:
hystrix:
enabled: false
logging:
level:
io:
seata: info
mybatis:
mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
type-aliases-package: com.zy.springcloud.domain
4.domain
package com.zy.springcloud.domain;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class CommonResult<t> {
private Integer code;
private String message;
private T data;
public CommonResult(Integer code, String message) {
this(code, message, null);
}
}
package com.zy.springcloud.domain;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Order {
private Long id;
private Long userId;
private Long productId;
private Integer count;
private BigDecimal money;
private Integer status; // 订单状态:0:创建中;1:已完结
}
5.Dao接口及实现
package com.zy.springcloud.dao;
import com.zy.springcloud.domain.Order;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
@Mapper
public interface OrderDao {
// 新建订单
void create(Order order);
// 修改订单状态,从0修改为1
void update(@Param("userId") Long userId, @Param("status") Integer status);
}
6.Service接口及实现
package com.zy.springcloud.service;
import com.zy.springcloud.domain.Order;
public interface OrderService {
public void create(Order order);
}
package com.zy.springcloud.service.impl;
import com.zy.springcloud.dao.OrderDao;
import com.zy.springcloud.domain.Order;
import com.zy.springcloud.service.AccountService;
import com.zy.springcloud.service.OrderService;
import com.zy.springcloud.service.StorageService;
import io.seata.spring.annotation.GlobalTransactional;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@Service
@Slf4j
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {
@Resource
private OrderDao orderDao;
@Resource
private StorageService storageService;
@Resource
private AccountService accountService;
@GlobalTransactional(name = "my_test_tx_group", rollbackFor = Exception.class)
@Override
public void create(Order order) {
log.info("------>开始创建订单");
orderDao.create(order);
log.info("----->订单微服务开始调用库存,做扣减");
storageService.decrease(order.getProductId( ), order.getCount());
log.info( "----->订单微服务开始调用库存,做扣减end" );
log.info( "----->订单微服务开始调用账户,做扣减");
accountService.decrease(order.getUserId(), order.getMoney());
log.info( "----->订单微服务开始调用账户,做扣减end");
// 4修改订单状态,从零到i ,1代表已经完成log.info("----->修改订单状态开始");
log.info( "----->修改订单状态开始");
orderDao.update(order.getUserId(), 0);
log.info( "----->修改订单状态结束");
}
}
package com.zy.springcloud.service;
import com.zy.springcloud.domain.CommonResult;
import com.zy.springcloud.domain.Order;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
@FeignClient(value = "seata-account-service")
public interface AccountService {
@PostMapping(value = "/account/decrease")
CommonResult decrease(@RequestParam("userId") Long userId, @RequestParam("money") BigDecimal money);
}
package com.zy.springcloud.service;
import com.zy.springcloud.domain.CommonResult;
import com.zy.springcloud.domain.Order;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
@FeignClient(value = "seata-storage-service")
public interface StorageService {
@PostMapping(value = "/storage/decrease")
CommonResult decrease(@RequestParam("productId") Long productId, @RequestParam("count") Integer count);
}
7.Controller
package com.zy.springcloud.controller;
import com.zy.springcloud.domain.CommonResult;
import com.zy.springcloud.domain.Order;
import com.zy.springcloud.service.OrderService;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@RestController
public class OrderController {
@Resource
private OrderService orderService;
@GetMapping("/order/create")
public CommonResult create(Order order) {
orderService.create(order);
return new CommonResult(200, "创建订单成功");
}
}
8.Config配置
package com.zy.springcloud.config;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
@MapperScan({"com.zy.springcloud.dao"})
public class MyBatisConfig {
}
package com.zy.springcloud.config;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import io.seata.rm.datasource.DataSourceProxy;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.transaction.SpringManagedTransactionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
@Configuration
public class DataSourceProxyConfig {
@Value("${mybatis.mapper-locations}")
private String mapperLocations;
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
public DataSource druidDataSource(){
return new DruidDataSource();
}
@Bean
public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactoryBean(DataSource dataSourceProxy) throws Exception {
SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
sqlSessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSourceProxy);
sqlSessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources(mapperLocations));
sqlSessionFactoryBean.setTransactionFactory(new SpringManagedTransactionFactory());
return sqlSessionFactoryBean.getObject();
}
}
9.主启动
package com.zy.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
@SpringBootApplication(exclude = DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class)//取消数据源自动创建的配置
public class SeataOrderMainApp2001 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SeataOrderMainApp2001.class, args);
}
}
10.mapper
<!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?-->
<mapper namespace="com.zy.springcloud.dao.OrderDao">
<insert id="create" parametertype="com.zy.springcloud.domain.Order">
insert into t_order(id, user_id, product_id, count, money, status)
values (null, #{userId}, #{productId}, #{count}, #{money}, 0)
</insert>
<resultmap id="orderResultMap" type="com.zy.springcloud.domain.Order">
<id column="id" property="id" jdbctype="BIGINT">
<id column="user_id" property="userId" jdbctype="BIGINT">
<id column="product_id" property="productId" jdbctype="BIGINT">
<id column="count" property="count" jdbctype="INTEGER">
<id column="money" property="money" jdbctype="DECIMAL">
<id column="status" property="status" jdbctype="INTEGER">
</id></id></id></id></id></id></resultmap>
<update id="update">
update t_order set status = 1 where user_id = #{userId} and status = #{status}
</update>
</mapper>
新建库存Storage -Module
1.模块
seata-storage-service2002
2.pom
<!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?-->
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemalocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactid>springcloud</artifactid>
<groupid>com.zy</groupid>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelversion>4.0.0</modelversion>
<artifactid>seata-storage-service2002</artifactid>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupid>com.alibaba.cloud</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>com.alibaba.cloud</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactid>
<exclusions><!--排除-->
<exclusion>
<groupid>io.seata</groupid>
<artifactid>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactid>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>io.seata</groupid>
<artifactid>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactid>
<version>1.4.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.cloud</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>com.alibaba</groupid>
<artifactid>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactid>
</dependency>
<!--mysql-connector-java-->
<dependency>
<groupid>mysql</groupid>
<artifactid>mysql-connector-java</artifactid>
</dependency>
<!--jdbc-->
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactid>
</dependency>
<!-- 自动热部署 -->
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-devtools</artifactid>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.projectlombok</groupid>
<artifactid>lombok</artifactid>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactid>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
3.yaml
server:
port: 2002
seata:
enabled: true
tx-service-group: my_test_tx_group
registry:
type: nacos
nacos:
application: seata-server
server-addr: 192.168.40.16:8848
username: nacos
password: nacos
cluster: default
group: SEATA_GROUP
config:
type: nacos
nacos:
server-addr: 192.168.40.16:8848
username: nacos
password: nacos
service:
vgroup-mapping:
my_test_tx_group: default
disable-global-transaction: false
client:
rm:
report-success-enable: false
spring:
application:
name: seata-storage-service
cloud:
alibaba:
seata:
enabled: true
# 自定义事务组名称雷要与config.txt中的service.vgroupMapping.my_test_tx_group=default对应
tx-service-group: my_test_tx_group
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: 192.168.40.16:8848 #配置nacos地址
group: SEATA_GROUP
username: nacos
password: nacos
datasource:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.40.148:3306/seata_storage?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true&useSSL=false
username: root
password: Huawei@123
feign:
hystrix:
enabled: false
logging:
level:
io:
seata: info
mybatis:
mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
type-aliases-package: com.zy.springcloud.domain
4.domain
package com.zy.springcloud.domain;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class CommonResult<t> {
private Integer code;
private String message;
private T data;
public CommonResult(Integer code, String message) {
this(code, message, null);
}
}
package com.zy.springcloud.domain;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Storage {
private Long id;
// 产品id
private Long productId;
//总库存
private Integer total;
//已用库存
private Integer used;
//剩余库存
private Integer residue;
}
5.Dao接口
package com.zy.springcloud.dao;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
@Mapper
public interface StorageDao {
void decrease(@Param("productId") Long productId, @Param("count") Integer count);
}
6.Service接口
package com.zy.springcloud.service;
import feign.Param;
public interface StorageService {
//扣减库存信息
void decrease(Long productId, Integer count);
}
package com.zy.springcloud.service.impl;
import com.zy.springcloud.dao.StorageDao;
import com.zy.springcloud.service.StorageService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@Service
public class StorageServiceImpl implements StorageService {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(StorageServiceImpl.class);
@Resource
private StorageDao storageDao;
// 扣减库存
@Override
public void decrease(Long productId, Integer count) {
LOGGER.info("------->storage-service中扣减库存开始");
storageDao.decrease(productId, count);
LOGGER.info("------->storage-service中扣减库存结束");
}
}
7.Controller
package com.zy.springcloud.controller;
import com.zy.springcloud.domain.CommonResult;
import com.zy.springcloud.service.StorageService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class StorageController {
@Autowired
private StorageService storageService;
//扣减库存
@RequestMapping("/storage/decrease")
public CommonResult decrease(Long productId, Integer count) {
storageService.decrease(productId, count);
return new CommonResult(200,"扣减库存成功!");
}
}
8.Config
package com.zy.springcloud.config;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.transaction.SpringManagedTransactionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
@Configuration
public class DataSourceProxyConfig {
@Value("${mybatis.mapper-locations}")
private String mapperLocations;
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
public DataSource druidDataSource(){
return new DruidDataSource();
}
@Bean
public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactoryBean(DataSource dataSourceProxy) throws Exception {
SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
sqlSessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSourceProxy);
sqlSessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources(mapperLocations));
sqlSessionFactoryBean.setTransactionFactory(new SpringManagedTransactionFactory());
return sqlSessionFactoryBean.getObject();
}
}
package com.zy.springcloud.config;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
@MapperScan({"com.zy.springcloud.dao"})
public class MyBatisConfig {
}
9.主启动
package com.zy.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication(exclude = DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class)//取消数据源自动创建的配置
public class SeataStorageMainApp2002 {
public static void main(String[] args){
SpringApplication.run(SeataStorageMainApp2002.class,args);
}
}
10.mapper
<!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?-->
<mapper namespace="com.zy.springcloud.dao.StorageDao">
<resultmap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.zy.springcloud.domain.Storage">
<id column="id" property="id" jdbctype="BIGINT">
<result column="product_id" property="productId" jdbctype="BIGINT">
<result column="total" property="total" jdbctype="INTEGER">
<result column="used" property="used" jdbctype="INTEGER">
<result column="residue" property="residue" jdbctype="INTEGER">
</result></result></result></result></id></resultmap>
<update id="decrease">
UPDATE
t_storage
SET
used = used + #{count},residue = residue - #{count}
WHERE
product_id = #{productId}
</update>
</mapper>
新建库存Account -Module
1.模块
seata-account-service2003
2.pom
<!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?-->
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemalocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactid>springcloud</artifactid>
<groupid>com.zy</groupid>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelversion>4.0.0</modelversion>
<artifactid>seata-account-service2003</artifactid>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupid>com.alibaba.cloud</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>com.alibaba.cloud</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactid>
<exclusions><!--排除-->
<exclusion>
<groupid>io.seata</groupid>
<artifactid>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactid>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>io.seata</groupid>
<artifactid>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactid>
<version>1.4.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.cloud</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>com.alibaba</groupid>
<artifactid>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactid>
</dependency>
<!--mysql-connector-java-->
<dependency>
<groupid>mysql</groupid>
<artifactid>mysql-connector-java</artifactid>
</dependency>
<!--jdbc-->
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactid>
</dependency>
<!-- 自动热部署 -->
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-devtools</artifactid>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.projectlombok</groupid>
<artifactid>lombok</artifactid>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactid>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
3.YML
server:
port: 2003
seata:
enabled: true
tx-service-group: my_test_tx_group
registry:
type: nacos
nacos:
application: seata-server
server-addr: 192.168.40.16:8848
username: nacos
password: nacos
cluster: default
group: SEATA_GROUP
config:
type: nacos
nacos:
server-addr: 192.168.40.16:8848
username: nacos
password: nacos
service:
vgroup-mapping:
my_test_tx_group: default
disable-global-transaction: false
client:
rm:
report-success-enable: false
spring:
application:
name: seata-account-service
cloud:
alibaba:
seata:
enabled: true
# 自定义事务组名称雷要与config.txt中的service.vgroupMapping.my_test_tx_group=default对应
tx-service-group: my_test_tx_group
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: 192.168.40.16:8848 #配置nacos地址
group: SEATA_GROUP
username: nacos
password: nacos
datasource:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.40.148:3306/seata_account?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true&useSSL=false
username: root
password: Huawei@123
feign:
hystrix:
enabled: false
logging:
level:
io:
seata: info
mybatis:
mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
type-aliases-package: com.zy.springcloud.domain
4.domain
package com.zy.springcloud.domain;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Account {
private Long id;
/**
* 用户id
*/
private Long userId;
/**
* 总额度
*/
private BigDecimal total;
/**
* 已用额度
*/
private BigDecimal used;
/**
* 剩余额度
*/
private BigDecimal residue;
}
package com.zy.springcloud.domain;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class CommonResult<t> {
private Integer code;
private String message;
private T data;
public CommonResult(Integer code,String message){
this(code,message,null);
}
}
5.Dao接口及实现
package com.zy.springcloud.dao;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
@Mapper
public interface AccountDao {
/**
* 扣减账户余额
*/
void decrease(@Param("userId") Long userId, @Param("money") BigDecimal money);
}
6.Service接口及实现
package com.zy.springcloud.service;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
public interface AccountService {
/**
* 扣减账户余额
*/
void decrease(@RequestParam("userId") Long userId, @RequestParam("money") BigDecimal money);
}
package com.zy.springcloud.service.impl;
import com.zy.springcloud.dao.AccountDao;
import com.zy.springcloud.service.AccountService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
/**
* 账户业务实现类
*/
@Service
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AccountServiceImpl.class);
@Resource
AccountDao accountDao;
/**
* 扣减账户余额
*/
@Override
public void decrease(Long userId, BigDecimal money) {
LOGGER.info("------->account-service中扣减账户余额开始");
//异常
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(20);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
accountDao.decrease(userId,money);
LOGGER.info("------->account-service中扣减账户余额结束");
}
}
7.Controller
package com.zy.springcloud.controller;
import com.zy.springcloud.domain.CommonResult;
import com.zy.springcloud.service.AccountService;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
@RestController
public class AccountController {
@Resource
AccountService accountService;
/**
* 扣减账户余额
*/
@RequestMapping("/account/decrease")
public CommonResult decrease(Long userId, BigDecimal money){
accountService.decrease(userId, money);
return new CommonResult(200,"扣减账户余额成功!");
}
}
8.Config
package com.zy.springcloud.config;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.transaction.SpringManagedTransactionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
@Configuration
public class DataSourceProxyConfig {
@Value("${mybatis.mapper-locations}")
private String mapperLocations;
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
public DataSource druidDataSource(){
return new DruidDataSource();
}
@Bean
public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactoryBean(DataSource dataSourceProxy) throws Exception {
SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
sqlSessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSourceProxy);
sqlSessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources(mapperLocations));
sqlSessionFactoryBean.setTransactionFactory(new SpringManagedTransactionFactory());
return sqlSessionFactoryBean.getObject();
}
}
package com.zy.springcloud.config;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
@MapperScan({"com.zy.springcloud.dao"})
public class MyBatisConfig {
}
9.主启动
package com.zy.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication(exclude = DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class)//取消数据源自动创建的配置
public class SeataAccountMainApp2003 {
public static void main(String[] args){
SpringApplication.run(SeataAccountMainApp2003.class,args);
}
}
10.mapper
<!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?-->
<mapper namespace="com.zy.springcloud.dao.AccountDao">
<resultmap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.zy.springcloud.domain.Account">
<id column="id" property="id" jdbctype="BIGINT">
<result column="user_id" property="userId" jdbctype="BIGINT">
<result column="total" property="total" jdbctype="DECIMAL">
<result column="used" property="used" jdbctype="DECIMAL">
<result column="residue" property="residue" jdbctype="DECIMAL">
</result></result></result></result></id></resultmap>
<update id="decrease">
UPDATE t_account
SET
residue = residue - #{money},used = used + #{money}
WHERE
user_id = #{userId};
</update>
</mapper>
Test
数据库初始情况:
正常下单
http://localhost:2001/order/create?userId=1&productId=1&count=10&money=100
数据库情况
超时异常,没加@GlobalTransactional
AccountServiceImpl添加超时
数据库情况
状态为0,0表示没有支付成功。但是实际上,库存和钱都减少了。
OrderServiceImpl添加注解@GlobalTransactional
@GlobalTransactional(name = "my_test_tx_group", rollbackFor = Exception.class)
下单后数据库数据并没有任何改变
seata原理
执行流程
TM开启分布式事务(TM向TC注册全局事务记录);
按业务场景,编排数据库、服务等事务内资源(RM向TC汇报资源准备状态);
TM结束分布式事务,事务一阶段结束(TM通知TC提交/回滚分布式事务);
TC汇总事务信息,决定分布式事务是提交还是回滚;
TC 通知所有RM提交/回滚资源,事务二阶段结束。
支持的模式
AT模式
TCC模式
SAGA模式
XA模式
默认是TA模式
AT模式如何做到对业务的无侵入
是什么
整体机制:
两阶段提交协议的演变:
- 一阶段:业务数据和回滚日志记录在同一个本地事务中提交,释放本地锁和连接资源。
- 二阶段:
。提交异步化,非常快速地完成。
。回滚通过一阶段的回滚日志进行反向补偿。
一阶段加载
在一阶段,Seata会拦截“业务SQL”,
1解析SQL语义,找到“业务SQL”要更新的业务数据,在业务数据被更新前,将其保存成“before image”
2执行“业务SQL”更新业务数据,在业务数据更新之后
3其保存成“after image”,最后生成行锁。
以上操作全部在一个数据库事务内完成,这样保证了一阶段操作的原子性。
二阶段提交
二阶段如是顺利提交的话,
因为“业务SQL”在一阶段已经提交至数据库,所以Seata框架只需将一阶段保存的快照数据和行锁删掉,完成数据清理即可。
二阶段回滚
二阶段回滚:
二阶段如果是回滚的话,jSeata就需要回滚一阶段已经执行的“业务SQL”,还原业务数据。
回滚方式便是用“before image”还原业务数据;但在还原前要首先要校验脏写,对比“数据库当前业务数据”和“after image”,如果两份数据完全一致就说明没有脏写,可以还原业务数据,如果不一致就说明有脏写,出现脏写就需要转人工处理。
补充: