快速入门MySQL教程【转自:http://xpleaf.blog.51cto.com/9315560/1712821】
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xpleaf@xpleaf-machine:~$ mysql -h localhost -u root -p Enter password: |
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Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 37 Server version: 5.5.44-0ubuntu0.12.04.1 (Ubuntu) Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and /or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and /or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> |
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mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | manager_system | | mysql | | stu_info | | xpleaf_server_data | +--------------------+ |
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mysql> create database students_info; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) |
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mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | manager_system | | mysql | | stu_info | | students_info | | xpleaf_server_data | +--------------------+ |
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mysql> use students_info; Database changed |
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mysql> create table network3 -> ( -> id char(10) not null primary key, -> name char(16) not null, -> sex char(6) not null, -> age int not null, -> address char(36) not null -> ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) |
列声明语句 | 解释说明 |
id char(10) not null primary key | 创建一列,名称为id;数据类型为char字符类型,字符的最大长度为10个字符;并且该列内容不允许为空;同时把这一列作为这张表的主键,用来区分表中不同行。 |
name char(16) not null | 创建一列,名称为name;数据类型为char字符类型,字符的最大长度为16个字符;并且该列内容不允许为空。 |
sex char(6) not null | 创建一列,名称为sex;数据类型为char字符类型,字符的最大长度为6个字符;并且该列内容不允许为空。 |
age int not null | 创建一列,名称为age;数据类型为int整型;并且该列内容不允许为空。 |
address char(36) not null | 创建一列,名称为sex;数据类型为char字符类型,字符的最大长度为36个字符;并且该列内容不允许为空。 |
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mysql> describe network3; +---------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +---------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | id | char(10) | NO | PRI | NULL | | | name | char(16) | NO | | NULL | | | sex | char(6) | NO | | NULL | | | age | int(11) | NO | | NULL | | | address | char(36) | NO | | NULL | | +---------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
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mysql> insert into network3 values( "3114006441" , "xpleaf" , "male" ,35, "QingYuan" ); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) |
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mysql> insert into network3 values( "3114006442" , "Jim" , "male" ,38, "JiangMen" ); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into network3 values( "3114006443" , "Pei" , "male" ,41, "PuNing" ); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> insert into network3 values( "3114006440" , "Xuan" , "male" ,36, "ShanWei" ); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) mysql> insert into network3 values( "3214006336" , "Ting" , "female" ,30, "ChaoShan" ); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) |
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select 列名称 from 数据库表名 [查询条件]; |
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mysql> select * from network3; +------------+--------+--------+-----+----------+ | id | name | sex | age | address | +------------+--------+--------+-----+----------+ | 3114006440 | Xuan | male | 36 | ShanWei | | 3114006441 | xpleaf | male | 35 | QingYuan | | 3114006442 | Jim | male | 38 | JiangMen | | 3114006443 | Pei | male | 41 | PuNing | | 3214006336 | Ting | female | 30 | ChaoShan | +------------+--------+--------+-----+----------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
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mysql> select id ,name from network3; +------------+--------+ | id | name | +------------+--------+ | 3114006440 | Xuan | | 3114006441 | xpleaf | | 3114006442 | Jim | | 3114006443 | Pei | | 3214006336 | Ting | +------------+--------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
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mysql> select * from network3 where name= 'xpleaf' ; +------------+--------+------+-----+----------+ | id | name | sex | age | address | +------------+--------+------+-----+----------+ | 3114006441 | xpleaf | male | 35 | QingYuan | +------------+--------+------+-----+----------+ 1 row in set (0.02 sec) mysql> select * from network3 where sex= 'female' ; +------------+------+--------+-----+----------+ | id | name | sex | age | address | +------------+------+--------+-----+----------+ | 3214006336 | Ting | female | 30 | ChaoShan | +------------+------+--------+-----+----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from network3 where sex= 'male' and address= 'QingYuan' ; +------------+--------+------+-----+----------+ | id | name | sex | age | address | +------------+--------+------+-----+----------+ | 3114006441 | xpleaf | male | 35 | QingYuan | +------------+--------+------+-----+----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from network3 where age > 40; +------------+------+------+-----+---------+ | id | name | sex | age | address | +------------+------+------+-----+---------+ | 3114006443 | Pei | male | 41 | PuNing | +------------+------+------+-----+---------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from network3 where age < 40 and age >= 31; +------------+--------+------+-----+----------+ | id | name | sex | age | address | +------------+--------+------+-----+----------+ | 3114006440 | Xuan | male | 36 | ShanWei | | 3114006441 | xpleaf | male | 35 | QingYuan | | 3114006442 | Jim | male | 38 | JiangMen | +------------+--------+------+-----+----------+ 3 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql> select * from network3 where name like "%leaf" ; +------------+--------+------+-----+----------+ | id | name | sex | age | address | +------------+--------+------+-----+----------+ | 3114006441 | xpleaf | male | 35 | QingYuan | +------------+--------+------+-----+----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) |
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mysql> select * from network3; +------------+--------+--------+-----+----------+ | id | name | sex | age | address | +------------+--------+--------+-----+----------+ | 3114006440 | Xuan | male | 36 | ShanWei | | 3114006441 | xpleaf | male | 35 | QingYuan | | 3114006442 | Jim | male | 38 | JiangMen | | 3114006443 | Pei | male | 41 | PuNing | | 3214006336 | Ting | female | 30 | ChaoShan | +------------+--------+--------+-----+----------+ 5 rows in set ( 0.00 sec) |
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#将name为"xpleaf"的address修改为"YuanTan" mysql> update network3 set address= "YuanTan" where name= 'xpleaf' ; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 #将id为"3214006336"的name修改为"Hui" mysql> update network3 set name= "Hui" where id = '3214006336' ; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 #将所有人的age加1 mysql> update network3 set age=age+1; Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.01 sec) Rows matched: 5 Changed: 5 Warnings: 0 |
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mysql> select * from network3; +------------+--------+--------+-----+----------+ | id | name | sex | age | address | +------------+--------+--------+-----+----------+ | 3114006440 | Xuan | male | 37 | ShanWei | | 3114006441 | xpleaf | male | 36 | YuanTan | | 3114006442 | Jim | male | 39 | JiangMen | | 3114006443 | Pei | male | 42 | PuNing | | 3214006336 | Hui | female | 31 | ChaoShan | +------------+--------+--------+-----+----------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
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mysql> delete from network3 where name= 'Pei' ; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) |
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mysql> select * from network3; +------------+--------+--------+-----+----------+ | id | name | sex | age | address | +------------+--------+--------+-----+----------+ | 3114006440 | Xuan | male | 37 | ShanWei | | 3114006441 | xpleaf | male | 36 | YuanTan | | 3114006442 | Jim | male | 39 | JiangMen | | 3214006336 | Hui | female | 31 | ChaoShan | +------------+--------+--------+-----+----------+ 4 rows in set ( 0.00 sec) |
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mysql> describe network3; +---------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +---------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | id | char(10) | NO | PRI | NULL | | | name | char(16) | NO | | NULL | | | sex | char(6) | NO | | NULL | | | age | int(11) | NO | | NULL | | | address | char(36) | NO | | NULL | | +---------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
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#将列名称"adress"修改为"addr",其它保持不变 mysql> alter table network3 change address addr char(30) not null; Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.04 sec) Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 #将列"name"的数据类型修改为最大可以存放20个字符的char类型,其它保持不变 mysql> alter table network3 change name name char(20) not null; Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.03 sec) Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 #同时修改列"sex"的名称和数据类型 mysql> alter table network3 change sex Sex char(10) not null; Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.05 sec) Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 |
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mysql> describe network3; +-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | id | char(10) | NO | PRI | NULL | | | name | char(20) | NO | | NULL | | | Sex | char(10) | NO | | NULL | | | age | int(11) | NO | | NULL | | | addr | char(30) | NO | | NULL | | +-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 5 rows in set (0.01 sec) |
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mysql> alter table network3 drop addr; Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.02 sec) Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 |
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mysql> describe network3; +-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | id | char(10) | NO | PRI | NULL | | | name | char(20) | NO | | NULL | | | Sex | char(10) | NO | | NULL | | | age | int(11) | NO | | NULL | | +-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
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mysql> select * from network3; +------------+--------+--------+-----+ | id | name | Sex | age | +------------+--------+--------+-----+ | 3114006440 | Xuan | male | 37 | | 3114006441 | xpleaf | male | 36 | | 3114006442 | Jim | male | 39 | | 3214006336 | Hui | female | 31 | +------------+--------+--------+-----+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
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mysql> alter table network3 rename New_network3; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) |
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mysql> show tables; +-------------------------+ | Tables_in_students_info | +-------------------------+ | New_network3 | +-------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) |
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mysql> drop table New_network3; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) |
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mysql> show tables; Empty set (0.00 sec) |
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mysql> drop database students_info; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) |