django之model多表操作
一对多表之间的查询:
class userInfo(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=50) password = models.CharField(max_length=50) email = models.EmailField() user_type = models.ForeignKey('userType') class userType(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
1.all,get,filter
·all:所有数据(序列)
·get:单挑数据,是一个对象(封装一行多列数据)
·filter:序列
eg: 取id>5
userInfo.objects.filter(id__gt = 5)
eg:userType大于5的所有用户信息
userInfo.objects.filter(user_type__id__gt=5 )
说明:user_type就是userType对象
eg:userType大名字包含a的所有用户信息
userInfo.objects.filter(user_type__name__contains='a' )
说明:user_type就是userType对象
eg:查看用户类型等于超级管理员的所有用户
userInfo.objects.filter(user_type__name = "超级管理员")==select * from userInfo xxx
userInfo.objects.filter(user_type__name = "超级管理员").values('username') == select username from xxx
总结:对象__列名__方法 = ' '
多对多表之间查询:
class userInfo(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=50) password = models.CharField(max_length=50) email = models.EmailField() user_type = models.ForeignKey('userType') class userGroup(models.Model): group = models.CharField(max_length=50) user = models.ManyToManyField('userInfo')
1.建立关系
t3 = userType.objects.get(name='supper') t4 = userType.objects.get(name='nomal') u1 = userInfo.objects.create(name='yj1',password='123',email='1@qq.com',user_type=t3) u2 = userInfo.objects.create(name='yj1',password='123',email='1@qq.com',user_type=t4) groupObjA = userGroup.objects.create(group='HOSTA') groupObjA.user.add(u1) groupObjB = userGroup.objects.create(group='HOSTB') groupObjB.user.add(u2)
分析: 两表多对多实质上就是用一个新表记录其关系, groupObjA.user.add(u1)可以理解为先执行groupObjA.user,即在表中插入groupObjA的id;再执行.add(u1),即插入u1的id
2.两种建立方式
1)groupObjA.user.add(u1) == groupObjA有多对多字段
2) u1.userGroup_set.add(groupObjA) == u1无多对多字段