.Net Micro Framework研究—实现SideShow窗体界面

基于MF系统的Windows SideShow界面是非常炫的（如下图）。既然微软能用.Net Micro Framework实现这么棒的界面效果，我想我们也能做到。

 

 

（SideShow模拟器界面和游戏程序中的右键菜单—注意菜单弹出后，其它的界面变暗了）

现在的任务是设计一套支持鼠标（或触摸屏）的窗体框架（目前MF提供的Window类仅支持按键功能），所以正好把SideShow如此炫的界面元素也可以添加进来。

用过MF的人知道是用下面的方法来实现按键事件接收的，既然我们要支持鼠标功能，所以最好也用类似的机理实现。

    //按键事件

    protected override void OnButtonDown(ButtonEventArgs e)

    {

        switch (e.Button)

        {

            //按下确定键

            case Button.Select:

                break;

            //按下左键

            case Button.Left:

                break;

            //按下右键

            case Button.Right:

                break;

            //按向上

            case Button.Up:

                break;

            //按向下

            case Button.Down:

                break;

            //按下菜单

            case Button.Menu:

                break;

            //按下返回键

            case Button.Back:

                break;

        }

        base.OnButtonDown(e);

    }

用反编译工具仔细研究了MF底层库代码（.Net FrameWork 太庞大了，一个人绝对短时间内看不完，其实也很难看下去，但是对刚刚起步的MF来说，.Net Micro FrameWork就简单多了），终于理清了头绪。主要原理是在鼠标信息处理线程中通过Application.Current.Windows 属性（该属性存放了当前实例所有派生于Window类的窗体）和应用实例的this.Dispatcher属性的BeginInvoke方法，外部调用窗体鼠标事件函数。充分利用基类虚函数的妙处来实现类似按键信息处理的功能。

在YFWindowBase类中声明如下虚拟鼠标事件函数。

//鼠标移动

    public virtual void OnMouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)

    {

        if (MouseMove != null) MouseMove(sender, e);

    }

    //鼠标单击

    public virtual void OnMouseClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)

    {

        if (MouseClick != null) MouseClick(sender, e);

    }

    //按下

    public virtual void OnMouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)

    {

       if (MouseDown != null) MouseDown(sender, e);

    }

    //抬起

    public virtual void OnMouseUp(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)

    {

        if (MouseUp != null) MouseUp(sender, e);

    }

 

在鼠标信息处理函数中执行如下的代码即可。

   //处理鼠标消息

    private static void TransactMouse(MouseState state, int x, int y, MouseButtons button)

    {

        if (Application.Current == null) return;

        for (int i = Application.Current.Windows.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)

        {

            try

            {

                YFWindowBase mw = Application.Current.Windows[i] as YFWindowBase;

 

                if (mw.Enabled && mw.IsVisible)

                {

                    //判断子窗体

                    bool bReturn = false;

                    for (int j = mw.Children.Count - 1; j >= 0; j--)

                    {

                        //仅最上层并且可视的控件接收鼠标消息

                        YFControl cl = mw.Children[j];

                        if (!bReturn && cl.Visible && IsRectContains(x, y, mw.Left + cl.Left, mw.Top + cl.Top, cl.Width, cl.Height))

                        {

                            if (cl.Enable) //Enable和Visible不一样，Enable即使无效，下层控件也没有机会获得鼠标消息

                            {

                                if (!cl._EnterFlag)

                                {

                                    cl._EnterFlag = true;

                                    _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseEnter), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left - mw.Left, y - cl.Top - mw.Top));

                                }

                                if ((state & MouseState.Move) > 0)

                                    _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseMove), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left - mw.Left, y - cl.Top - mw.Top));

                                if ((state & MouseState.Down) > 0)

                                    _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseDown), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left - mw.Left, y - cl.Top - mw.Top));

                                if ((state & MouseState.Up) > 0)

                                    _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseUp), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left - mw.Left, y - cl.Top - mw.Top));

                                if ((state & MouseState.Click) > 0)

                                    _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseClick), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left - mw.Left, y - cl.Top - mw.Top));

                            }

                            //向主窗体传OnMouseEvent消息，为了绘制鼠标

                            if ((state & MouseState.Event) > 0)

                                _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseEvent), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));

                            bReturn = true;

                        }

                        else

                        {

                            if (cl._EnterFlag)

                            {

                                cl._EnterFlag = false;

                                _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseLeave), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left, y - cl.Top));

                            }

                        }

                    }

                    if (bReturn) return;

                }

 

                //仅最上层并且可视的窗体接收鼠标消息

                if (mw.IsVisible && IsRectContains(x, y, mw.Left, mw.Top, mw.Width, mw.Height))

                {

                    if (!mw.Enabled) return;

 

                    if ((state & MouseState.Move) > 0)

                        _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseMove), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));

                    if ((state & MouseState.Down) > 0)

                        _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseDown), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));

                    if ((state & MouseState.Up) > 0)

                        _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseUp), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));

                    if ((state & MouseState.Click) > 0)

                        _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseClick), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));

                    if ((state & MouseState.Event) > 0)

                        _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseEvent), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));

                    return;

                }

            }

            catch (Exception e)

            {

                throw new Exception(e.Message.ToString(), e);

            }

        }

    }

  用户程序的窗体类只要派生于YFWindowBase类，就可以直接支持鼠标和按键功能了。用户代码如下：

    //主窗体

    internal sealed class MFWindow :YFWindowBase

    {

        public YFLabel label1;

        YFButton button1, button2, button3, button4, button5;

        public MFWindow()

        {

            //标签

            label1 = new YFLabel("就绪", 0, Height - 25, Width, 25);

            label1.TextAlign = TextAlignment.Left;

            label1.BackColor = ColorUtility.ColorFromRGB(189, 235, 255);

            label1.BorderStyle = BorderStyle.FixedSingle;

            //添加按钮

            button1 = new YFButton("触摸屏校准", 30, 35, 90, 40);

            button1.MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);

            button2 = new YFButton("计算器",200, 35, 90, 40);

            button2.MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);

            button3 = new YFButton("简易记事本", 30, 135, 90, 40);

            button3.MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);

            button4 = new YFButton("关于...", 200, 135, 90, 40);

            button4.MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);

            button5 = new YFButton("主菜单", 125, 85, 70, 40);

            button5.MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);

            Children.Add(button1);

            Children.Add(button2);

            Children.Add(button3);

            Children.Add(button4);

            Children.Add(button5);

            Children.Add(label1);

            button3.Enable = false;

            //button3.Visible = false;

            //设置菜单

            Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("触摸屏校准"));

            Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("-"));

            Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("计算器"));

            Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("简易记事本"));

            Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("-"));

            Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("关于..."));

            Menu[3].Enabled = false;

            //Menu[3].Visible = false;

        }       

        //按钮事件

        void button_MouseClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)

        {

            YFButton button=((YFButton)sender);

            switch (button.Text)

            {

                case "主菜单":

                    //弹出菜单

                    this.Menu.Show();

                    break;

                default:

                    OnMenuClick(new MenuEventArgs(0, button.Text));

                    break;

            }                          

        }

运行后的界面如下： 

 

 

图1：主界面（按钮即支持鼠标也可以用按键切换输入焦点（right键等同于PC平台上的Tab键），并用OK键触发按键事件）

 

 

图2：单击主菜单按钮或单击“Menu”就可以弹出主菜单

 

 

图3：不要小看了上图的蓝色小圆，是我费了好大劲才绘制出来的（目前MF仅支持矩形框的填充）。

private void DrawCircle(Color c,int x, int y, int r, DrawingContext dc)

    {

        Pen p=new Pen(c);

        SolidColorBrush b = new SolidColorBrush(c);

        int Offset45=(int)(0.707*r);

        int Offset30 = r / 2;

        int Offset60 = (int)(0.866 * r);

 

        for (int i = Offset45; i < r + 1; i++)

        {

            dc.DrawEllipse(null, p, x, y, i, i);

        }

        dc.DrawRectangle(b, null, x - Offset45, y - Offset45,Offset45*2, Offset45*2);

        dc.DrawRectangle(b, null, x - Offset60, y - Offset30, Offset60 * 2, Offset30 * 2);

        dc.DrawRectangle(b, null, x - Offset30, y - Offset60, Offset30 * 2, Offset60 * 2);

 

        dc.DrawLine(p, x - Offset60, y - Offset30, x - Offset30, y - Offset60);

        dc.DrawLine(p, x+ Offset60 , y + Offset30, x + Offset30 ,y + Offset60 );

        dc.DrawLine(p, x - Offset60, y + Offset30, x - Offset30 , y + Offset60);

        dc.DrawLine(p, x + Offset60, y - Offset30, x + Offset30, y - Offset60);

   }

 

 

图4：终于在MF上实现了计算器的功能，目前不仅支持鼠标，也可以用光标键和OK键进行输入计算了。

别小看了计算器程序，由于MF仅有数字转字符串功能，没有实现字符串转数字的功能，我自己自定义了一些函数，用了一些特殊的用法才编写完成。

//数字输入的部分代码

if (strInput == "0.") dblInput = 0;

        if (strInput != "0.")

        {

            strInput += b.Text;

            if (strInput.IndexOf('.')<1)

            {

                dblInput *= 10;

                dblInput += ToDouble(b.Text);

            }

            else

            {

                int index = strInput.Length - strInput.LastIndexOf('.') - 1;

                dblInput += ToDouble(b.Text) /System.Math.Pow(10,index);

            }

        }

        else if (b.Text != "0")

        {

            strInput = b.Text;

            dblInput = ToDouble(b.Text);

     }

   下面是窗体的界面搭建部分，你绝对想不到用这么短的代码就实现了上图的界面布局（看过我以前.Net Micro Framework研究的网友，应该对MF本身提供的控件有印象，正是因为系统的控件不好用，我专门重新写了一套MF控件类）。

    YFButton[] button=new YFButton[20];

    YFLabel lblInput = null;

    string[] strText = new string[] { "7", "8", "9", "/", "CE", "4", "5", "6", "*", "%", "1", "2", "3", "-", "1/x", "0", "+/-", ".", "+", "=" };

    public YFCalc(string Title,int Width,int Height,YFWindowBase Parent)

        : base(Title, Width, Height, Parent)

    {

        int x=ClientRect.X,y=ClientRect.Y;

 

        lblInput = new YFLabel("0.", x + 5, y + 5, ClientRect.Width - 10, 20);

        lblInput.TextAlign = TextAlignment.Right;

        Children.Add(lblInput);

        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++)

        {

            if(i % 5==0 && i!=0)

            {

                x = ClientRect.X;

                y = y + 32;

            }

            button[i] = new YFButton("", x + 5, y + 32, 32, 28);

            button[i].Text = strText[i];

            button[i].MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);

            x += 37;

            Children.Add(button[i]);

        }              

    }

    //按钮单击

    void button_MouseClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)

{

}

其实这段时间以来，我一直在研究MF，虽然目前它还不是很成熟，但是随着研究的深入，越来越对它痴迷，越来越发现很多MF的宝藏（如果你有耐心的话，一定要看看MF底层框架的源码（通过反编译工具Reflector），你会发现很多很有意思的功能）。

MF相对于Windows XP/Vista、Windows CE而言，还只能算一个婴孩，但就是这样，就如一个伟人所说：孩子就是未来的希望。所以有理由相信MF的明天会更好。
     [CSDN Blog 链接] http://blog.csdn.net/yefanqiu/archive/2008/01/25/2066128.aspx