6-12 二叉搜索树的操作集

本题要求实现给定二叉搜索树的5种常用操作。

函数接口定义:

BinTree Insert( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
BinTree Delete( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position Find( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position FindMin( BinTree BST );
Position FindMax( BinTree BST );

 其中BinTree结构定义如下:

typedef struct TNode *Position;
typedef Position BinTree;
struct TNode{
    ElementType Data;
    BinTree Left;
    BinTree Right;
};

 

  • 函数InsertX插入二叉搜索树BST并返回结果树的根结点指针;
  • 函数DeleteX从二叉搜索树BST中删除,并返回结果树的根结点指针;如果X不在树中,则打印一行Not Found并返回原树的根结点指针;
  • 函数Find在二叉搜索树BST中找到X,返回该结点的指针;如果找不到则返回空指针;
  • 函数FindMin返回二叉搜索树BST中最小元结点的指针;
  • 函数FindMax返回二叉搜索树BST中最大元结点的指针。

裁判测试程序样例:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

typedef int ElementType;
typedef struct TNode *Position;
typedef Position BinTree;
struct TNode{
    ElementType Data;
    BinTree Left;
    BinTree Right;
};

void PreorderTraversal( BinTree BT ); /* 先序遍历,由裁判实现,细节不表 */
void InorderTraversal( BinTree BT );  /* 中序遍历,由裁判实现,细节不表 */

BinTree Insert( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
BinTree Delete( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position Find( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position FindMin( BinTree BST );
Position FindMax( BinTree BST );

int main()
{
    BinTree BST, MinP, MaxP, Tmp;
    ElementType X;
    int N, i;

    BST = NULL;
    scanf("%d", &N);
    for ( i=0; i<N; i++ ) {
        scanf("%d", &X);
        BST = Insert(BST, X);
    }
    printf("Preorder:"); PreorderTraversal(BST); printf("\n");
    MinP = FindMin(BST);
    MaxP = FindMax(BST);
    scanf("%d", &N);
    for( i=0; i<N; i++ ) {
        scanf("%d", &X);
        Tmp = Find(BST, X);
        if (Tmp == NULL) printf("%d is not found\n", X);
        else {
            printf("%d is found\n", Tmp->Data);
            if (Tmp==MinP) printf("%d is the smallest key\n", Tmp->Data);
            if (Tmp==MaxP) printf("%d is the largest key\n", Tmp->Data);
        }
    }
    scanf("%d", &N);
    for( i=0; i<N; i++ ) {
        scanf("%d", &X);
        BST = Delete(BST, X);
    }
    printf("Inorder:"); InorderTraversal(BST); printf("\n");

    return 0;
}
/* 你的代码将被嵌在这里 */

 

输入样例:

10
5 8 6 2 4 1 0 10 9 7
5
6 3 10 0 5
5
5 7 0 10 3

 

输出样例:

Preorder: 5 2 1 0 4 8 6 7 10 9
6 is found
3 is not found
10 is found
10 is the largest key
0 is found
0 is the smallest key
5 is found
Not Found
Inorder: 1 2 4 6 8 9

 

插入

错误代码:

BinTree Insert( BinTree BST, ElementType X ){
    if(BST==NULL){
        BST=(Position)malloc(sizeof(struct TNode));
        BST->Data=X;
        BST->Left=NULL;
        BST->Right=NULL;
    }
    if(BST->Data==X){
            
    }
    else if(BST->Data>X){
       Insert(BST->Left, X);
} else { Insert(BST->Right, X); } return BST; }

 

正确代码

BinTree Insert( BinTree BST, ElementType X ){
    if(BST==NULL){
        BST=(Position)malloc(sizeof(struct TNode));
        BST->Data=X;
        BST->Left=NULL;
        BST->Right=NULL;
    }
    else{
        if(BST->Data==X){
            
        }
        else if(BST->Data>X){
            BST->Left=Insert(BST->Left, X);
        }
        else {
            BST->Right=Insert(BST->Right, X);
        }
    }
    
    return BST;
}

 

查找

错误代码:

Position Find( BinTree BST, ElementType X ){
    if(BST==NULL){
        return NULL;
    }
    if(BST->Data==X){
        return BST;
    }
    else if(BST->Data>X){
        Find(BST->Left,X);
    }
    else {
        Find(BST->Right,X);
    }
    return NULL;
}

 

正确代码:

Position Find( BinTree BST, ElementType X ){
    if(BST==NULL){
        return NULL;
    }
    if(BST->Data==X){
        return BST;
    }
    else if(BST->Data>X){
        return Find(BST->Left,X);
    }
    else {
        return Find(BST->Right,X);
    }
    return NULL;
}

 

删除

注意此处是否free空间都可以通过(AC)。

错误代码:

BinTree Delete( BinTree BST, ElementType X ){
    if(BST==NULL){
        printf("Not Found\n");
    }
    else{
        if(BST->Data==X){
            if(BST->Left==NULL&&BST->Right==NULL){
                Position tmp;
                tmp=BST;
                BST=NULL;
                free(tmp);
            }
            if((BST->Left==NULL&&BST->Right!=NULL)){
                Position tmp;
                tmp=BST;
                BST=BST->Right;
                free(tmp);
            }
            if((BST->Left!=NULL&&BST->Right==NULL)){
                Position tmp;
                tmp=BST;
                BST=BST->Left;
                free(tmp);
            }
            if(BST->Left!=NULL && BST->Right!=NULL){
                BinTree tmp=FindMax(BST->Left);
                BST->Data=tmp->Data;
                BST->Left=Delete(BST->Left, tmp->Data);
                
            }
        }
        else if(BST->Data>X){
            BST->Left=Delete(BST->Left, X);
        }
        else {
            BST->Right=Delete(BST->Right, X);
        }
        
    }

    return BST;
}

 

 

 

正确代码:

BinTree Delete( BinTree BST, ElementType X ){
    if(BST==NULL){
        printf("Not Found\n");
    }
    else{
        if(BST->Data==X){
            if(BST->Left==NULL&&BST->Right==NULL){
                Position tmp;
                tmp=BST;
                BST=NULL;
                free(tmp);
            }
            else if((BST->Left==NULL&&BST->Right!=NULL)){
                Position tmp;
                tmp=BST;
                BST=BST->Right;
                free(tmp);
            }
            else if((BST->Left!=NULL&&BST->Right==NULL)){
                Position tmp;
                tmp=BST;
                BST=BST->Left;
                free(tmp);
            }
            else if(BST->Left!=NULL && BST->Right!=NULL){
                BinTree tmp=FindMax(BST->Left);
                BST->Data=tmp->Data;
                BST->Left=Delete(BST->Left, tmp->Data);
                
            }
        }
        else if(BST->Data>X){
            BST->Left=Delete(BST->Left, X);
        }
        else {
            BST->Right=Delete(BST->Right, X);
        }
        
    }

    return BST;
}

 

 

 

 

查找最大和最小:

错误代码:

Position FindMin( BinTree BST ){
    while(BST->Left!=NULL){
        BST=BST->Left;
    }
    return BST;
}
Position FindMax( BinTree BST ){
    while(BST->Right!=NULL){
        BST=BST->Right;
    }
    return BST;
}

 

正确代码:

Position FindMin( BinTree BST ){
    if(BST==NULL){
        return NULL;
    }
    while(BST->Left!=NULL){
        BST=BST->Left;
    }
    return BST;
}
Position FindMax( BinTree BST ){
    if(BST==NULL){
        return NULL;
    }
    while(BST->Right!=NULL){
        BST=BST->Right;
    }
    return BST;
}

 

posted @ 2022-07-19 14:39  Yohoc  阅读(27)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报