My前端bootstrap（三） - 严zhi

Bootstrap作为完整的前端工具集，内建了大量的强大优雅可重用的组件,包括按钮(Button),导航(Navigation),标签(Labels)，徽章(Badges)，排版(Typography)，缩略图( thumbnails),提醒(Alert)，进度条(progress bar)，杂项(Miscellaneous)。本讲将深入讲解这些内容。

1.1 按钮组(button group)

按钮组顾名思义是将多个按钮集合成一个页面部件。只需要使用btn-group类和一系列的<a>或者<button>标签，就可以轻易地生成一个按钮组或者按钮工具条。关于btn-group的编程实践上：

建议在单一的按钮组中不要混合使用<a>和<button>标签，只用它们其中一个。
同一按钮组最好使用单一色
使用图标的时候要确保正确的引用位置

按钮组和按钮工具条都非常容易实现，如图3-1所示：

图3-1 按钮组(button group)

1.2 按钮式下拉菜单(button drown menu)

Bootstrap允许使用任意的按钮标签来触发一个下拉菜单，只需要将正确的菜单内容并置于在.btn-group类标签内。如图3-2所示：

图3-2 按钮下拉菜单

<div class="span4 well pricehover">
                       <h2>按钮组</h2>
      <div class="btn-group" style="margin: 9px 0;">
          <button class="btn btn-large btn-primary">Left</button>
          <button class="btn btn-large  btn-primary">Middle</button>
          <button class="btn   btn-large btn-primary">Right</button>
        </div>

        </div>
 <div class="span4 well pricehover">
<h2>按钮工具条</h2>
    <div class="btn-toolbar">
        <div class="btn-group">
          <button class="btn">1</button>
          <button class="btn">2</button>
          <button class="btn">3</button>
          <button class="btn">4</button>
        </div>
        <div class="btn-group">
          <button class="btn">5</button>
          <button class="btn">6</button>
          <button class="btn">7</button>
        </div>
        <div class="btn-group">
          <button class="btn">8</button>
        </div>
      </div>
        </div>

<div class="span8 well pricehover">

      <h3>按钮下拉菜单</h3>
      <p></p>
      <div class="btn-toolbar" >
        <div class="btn-group">
          <button class="btn dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Action <span class="caret"></span></button>
          <ul class="dropdown-menu">
            <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
            <li class="divider"></li>
            <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
          </ul>
        </div><!-- /btn-group -->
        <div class="btn-group">
          <button class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Action <span class="caret"></span></button>
          <ul class="dropdown-menu">
            <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
            <li class="divider"></li>
            <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
          </ul>
        </div><!-- /btn-group -->
        <div class="btn-group">
          <button class="btn btn-danger dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Danger <span class="caret"></span></button>
          <ul class="dropdown-menu">
            <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
            <li class="divider"></li>
            <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
          </ul>
        </div><!-- /btn-group -->
      </div>
      <div class="btn-toolbar">
        <div class="btn-group">
          <button class="btn btn-warning dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Warning <span class="caret"></span></button>
          <ul class="dropdown-menu">
            <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
            <li class="divider"></li>
            <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
          </ul>
        </div><!-- /btn-group -->
        <div class="btn-group">
          <button class="btn btn-success dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Success <span class="caret"></span></button>
          <ul class="dropdown-menu">
            <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
            <li class="divider"></li>
            <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
          </ul>
        </div><!-- /btn-group -->
        <div class="btn-group">
          <button class="btn btn-info dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Info <span class="caret"></span></button>
          <ul class="dropdown-menu">
            <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
            <li class="divider"></li>
            <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
          </ul>
        </div><!-- /btn-group -->
        <div class="btn-group">
          <button class="btn btn-inverse dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Inverse <span class="caret"></span></button>
          <ul class="dropdown-menu">
            <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
            <li class="divider"></li>
            <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
          </ul>
        </div><!-- /btn-group -->
      </div><!-- /btn-toolbar -->

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2.导航(Navigation)

2.1 轻量导航(Nav,tabs,and pills)

bootstrap的导航非常多样和灵活，允许使用同样的标签，不同的CSS类，带来不同风格的导航条，具有非常高的可定制性。所有的导航组件，包括tabs,pills,lists标签，都必须使用.nav的类实现基础的导航标签。除了我们常见的导航，还可以利用.nav-stacked类来实现堆叠式(stacked)--竖式的导航条。

如图3-3所示，展示了多种基础风格的导航。

图3-3 多种基础风格导航

<div class="row">

     
        <div class="span5 well pricehover">
                       <h2>基础tabs</h2>
      <ul class="nav nav-tabs">
        <li class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Profile</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Messages</a></li>
      </ul>
        </div>
 <div class="span5 well pricehover">
  <h3>基础pills</h3>
      <ul class="nav nav-pills">
        <li class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Profile</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Messages</a></li>
      </ul>
        </div>
    
      </div>
       


      <div class="row">
        <div class="span5 well pricehover">
      <h3>竖排tabs</h3>
      <ul class="nav nav-tabs nav-stacked">
        <li class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Profile</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Messages</a></li>
      </ul>
        </div>
        
      
              <div class="span5 well pricehover">
      <h3>竖排pills</h3>
      <ul class="nav nav-pills nav-stacked">
        <li class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Profile</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Messages</a></li>
      </ul>
        </div>

      </div>

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主要明白了胶囊式按钮

.....<ul class="nav nav-pills nav-stacked">

其中nav nav-pills声明为胶囊式按钮，nav-stacked表示为竖排

下拉菜单的导航条和列表式(Nav list)的导航条都是页面常用要素，Nav list 类似于OSX的Finder，可以带有图标。它们同样可以用.nav 作为基础类，来实现这些组件。同时还有各种tab风格的导航条，在下讲再补充。如图3-4所示：

图3-4 列表与下拉导航

<div class="span5 well pricehover">
                       <h2>基础Nav List</h2>
      <ul class="nav nav-list">
          <li class="nav-header">List header</li>
          <li class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Library</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Applications</a></li>
          <li class="nav-header">Another list header</li>
          <li><a href="#">Profile</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Settings</a></li>
          <li class="divider"></li>
          <li><a href="#">Help</a></li>
        </ul>
        </div>
        
 <div class="span5 well pricehover">
  <h3>图标List</h3>
  
    <ul class="nav nav-list">
          <li class="nav-header">List header</li>
          <li class="active"><a href="#"><i class="icon-white icon-home"></i> Home</a></li>
          <li><a href="#"><i class="icon-book"></i> Library</a></li>
          <li><a href="#"><i class="icon-pencil"></i> Applications</a></li>
          <li class="nav-header">Another list header</li>
          <li><a href="#"><i class="icon-user"></i> Profile</a></li>
          <li><a href="#"><i class="icon-cog"></i> Settings</a></li>
          <li class="divider"></li>
          <li><a href="#"><i class="icon-flag"></i> Help</a></li>
        </ul>
      
        </div>
    
      </div>
       


      <div class="row">
        <div class="span5 well pricehover">
      <h3>pills式的下拉菜单</h3>
      <ul class="nav nav-pills">
        <li class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Help</a></li>
        <li class="dropdown">
          <a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#">Dropdown <b class="caret"></b></a>
          <ul class="dropdown-menu">
            <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
            <li class="divider"></li>
            <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
          </ul>
        </li>
      </ul>
        </div>
        
      
              <div class="span5 well pricehover">
      <h3>tab式的下拉菜单</h3>
     <ul class="nav nav-tabs">
        <li class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Help</a></li>
        <li class="dropdown">
          <a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#">Dropdown <b class="caret"></b></a>
          <ul class="dropdown-menu">
            <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
            <li class="divider"></li>
            <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
          </ul>
        </li>
      </ul>
        </div>

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定义一个下拉菜单<ul class ="nav nav-tabs">

<a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="" href="#">Dropdown<b class="caret"></b></a>

                           <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
            　　　　　 <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
         　　　　　　 <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>

如果是链接的话可以使用 <li class="divider"></li>
<li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>来进行分割

2.2 导航条(Navbar)

最最重要的页面要素，莫过于页面头部的导航条，这是几乎任何页面都会使用到的。Bootstrap提供的基础样式的导航条。我们要注意到导航条的基础类不再是.nav而是navbar。

至于顶部或者底部，用navbar-fixed-top与navbar-fixed-bottom来置顶/底.同时可以在navbar中使用form要素，比如.navbar-form。同时支持响应式操作，通过.nav-collapse或者直接是.collapse类实现。如图3-5所示：

图3-5 导航条

<div class="span10 well pricehover">
     <div class="navbar">
    <div class="navbar-inner">
      <div class="container">
        <a class="btn btn-navbar" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".nav-collapse">
          <span class="icon-bar"></span>
          <span class="icon-bar"></span>
          <span class="icon-bar"></span>
        </a>
        <a class="brand" href="#">Project name</a>
        <div class="nav-collapse">
          <ul class="nav">
            <li class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
            <li class="dropdown">
              <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Dropdown <b class="caret"></b></a>
              <ul class="dropdown-menu">
                <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
                <li class="divider"></li>
                <li class="nav-header">Nav header</li>
                <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">One more separated link</a></li>
              </ul>
            </li>
          </ul>
          <form class="navbar-search pull-left" action="">
            <input type="text" class="search-query span2" placeholder="Search">
          </form>
          <ul class="nav pull-right">
            <li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
            <li class="divider-vertical"></li>
            <li class="dropdown">
              <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Dropdown <b class="caret"></b></a>
              <ul class="dropdown-menu">
                <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
                <li class="divider"></li>
                <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
              </ul>
            </li>
          </ul>
        </div><!-- /.nav-collapse -->
      </div>
    </div><!-- /navbar-inner -->
  </div><!-- /navbar -->
        </div>

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导航条中的搜索栏

在标签<a>中 class="collapse navbar-collapse"表示可折叠起来的导航栏。页面效果很不错

页码(Pagination)也是非常常用的页面要素，Bootstrap提供两种风格的翻页组件。一个是多页面导航，用于多个页码的跳转，它具有极简主义风格的翻页提示，能够很好应用在结果搜索页面；另一种则是Pager，是轻量级组件，可以快速翻动上下页，适用于个人博客或者杂志。如图3-7所示：

图3-7 页码(Pagination)

<div class="span10 well pricehover">
    <ul class="breadcrumb">
        <li class="active">Home</li>
      </ul>
      <ul class="breadcrumb">
        <li><a href="#">Home</a> <span class="divider">/</span></li>
        <li class="active">Library</li>
      </ul>
      <ul class="breadcrumb">
        <li><a href="#">Home</a> <span class="divider">/</span></li>
        <li><a href="#">Library</a> <span class="divider">/</span></li>
        <li class="active">Data</li>
      </ul>
        </div>
        
 <div class="span5 well pricehover">
<div class="pagination">
        <ul>
          <li class="disabled"><a href="#">&laquo;</a></li>
          <li class="active"><a href="#">1</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">2</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">3</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">4</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">&raquo;</a></li>
        </ul>
      </div>
      <div class="pagination">
        <ul>
          <li><a href="#">&laquo;</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">10</a></li>
          <li class="active"><a href="#">11</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">12</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">&raquo;</a></li>
        </ul>
      </div>
      <div class="pagination">
        <ul>
          <li><a href="#">&laquo;</a></li>
          <li class="active"><a href="#">10</a></li>
          <li class="disabled"><a href="#">...</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">20</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">&raquo;</a></li>
        </ul>
      </div>
      <div class="pagination pagination-centered">
        <ul>
          <li class="active"><a href="#">1</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">2</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">3</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">4</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">5</a></li>
        </ul>
      </div>
      </div>

     
 <div class="span5 well pricehover">
      
<ul class="pager">
        <li><a href="#">Previous</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Next</a></li>
      </ul>
      <ul class="pager">
        <li class="previous"><a href="#">&larr; Older</a></li>
        <li class="next"><a href="#">Newer &rarr;</a></li>
      </ul>
    </div>
    </div>

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可用于分页管理

3.标签(Label)、徽章(Badges)

3.1 标签(Label)与徽章(Badges)

标签是一个很好用的页面小要素，bootstrap具有多种颜色标签，表达不同的页面信息。只需要简单使用label标签即可。徽章是细小而简单的组件，用于指示或者计算某种类别的要素，在在email客户端很常见，实际上在一些签到式的网站(LBS)上也常常用到。如图3-8所示：

图3-8 标签(Label)与徽章(Badges)

<div class="span5 well pricehover">
    <table class="table table-bordered table-striped">
    <thead>
      <tr>
        <th>Labels</th>
        <th>Markup</th>
      </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
      <tr>
        <td>
          <span class="label">Default</span>
        </td>
        <td>
          <code>&lt;span class="label"&gt;Default&lt;/span&gt;</code>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>
          <span class="label label-success">Success</span>
        </td>
        <td>
          <code>&lt;span class="label label-success"&gt;Success&lt;/span&gt;</code>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>
          <span class="label label-warning">Warning</span>
        </td>
        <td>
          <code>&lt;span class="label label-warning"&gt;Warning&lt;/span&gt;</code>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>
          <span class="label label-important">Important</span>
        </td>
        <td>
          <code>&lt;span class="label label-important"&gt;Important&lt;/span&gt;</code>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>
          <span class="label label-info">Info</span>
        </td>
        <td>
          <code>&lt;span class="label label-info"&gt;Info&lt;/span&gt;</code>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>
          <span class="label label-inverse">Inverse</span>
        </td>
        <td>
          <code>&lt;span class="label label-inverse"&gt;Inverse&lt;/span&gt;</code>
        </td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>
        </div>
        
 <div class="span5 well pricehover">
 <table class="table table-bordered table-striped">
        <thead>
          <tr>
            <th>Name</th>
            <th>Example</th>
            <th>Markup</th>
          </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
          <tr>
            <td>
              Default
            </td>
            <td>
              <span class="badge">1</span>
            </td>
            <td>
              <code>&lt;span class="badge"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;</code>
            </td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>
              Success
            </td>
            <td>
              <span class="badge badge-success">2</span>
            </td>
            <td>
              <code>&lt;span class="badge badge-success"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;</code>
            </td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>
              Warning
            </td>
            <td>
              <span class="badge badge-warning">4</span>
            </td>
            <td>
              <code>&lt;span class="badge badge-warning"&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;</code>
            </td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>
              Important
            </td>
            <td>
              <span class="badge badge-important">6</span>
            </td>
            <td>
              <code>&lt;span class="badge badge-important"&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;</code>
            </td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>
              Info
            </td>
            <td>
              <span class="badge badge-info">8</span>
            </td>
            <td>
              <code>&lt;span class="badge badge-info"&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;</code>
            </td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>
              Inverse
            </td>
            <td>
              <span class="badge badge-inverse">10</span>
            </td>
            <td>
              <code>&lt;span class="badge badge-inverse"&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;</code>
            </td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
      </div>

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posted on 2014-08-25 14:22 严zhi 阅读(309) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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