|NO.Z.00071|——————————|^^ 部署 ^^|——|Linux&企业邮件.V02|——|Server配置|DNS部署|

一、企业级邮件服务：Server端&DNS搭建

### --- 企业级邮件服务
### --- 前提条件：要有一个DNS服务器，将准备的软件包导入虚拟机

[root@server21 ~]# yum install -y bind
[root@server21 ~]# vim /etc/named.conf
options {
        listen-on port 53 { any; };                         // 监听地址所有
        listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
        directory       "/var/named";
        dump-file       "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
        statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
        memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
        allow-query     { any; };                           // 允许所有
        recursion yes;

### --- 修改监听地址和访问控制为any

[root@server21 ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
zone "extmail.org" IN {
        type master;
        file "extmail.localhost";
        allow-update { none; };
};

### --- 使用extmail.org作为解析域，只保留正向解析即可

[root@server21 ~]# cp -a /var/named/named.localhost /var/named/extmail.localhost
[root@server21 ~]# vim /var/named/extmail.localhost
#修改数据文件，如下
$TTL 1D
@       IN SOA  extmail.org. rname.invalid. (
                                        0       ; serial
                                        1D      ; refresh
                                        1H      ; retry
                                        1W      ; expire
                                        3H )    ; minimum
        NS      dns.extmail.org.
        MX 3    mail.extmail.org.
dns     A       20.20.20.21
mail    A       20.20.20.21

### 重启DNS服务

[root@server21 ~]# chkconfig named on
[root@server21 ~]# service named start                      // 能启动起来说明没有问题
Generating /etc/rndc.key:                                  [  OK  ]
Starting named:                                            [  OK  ]

### --- 安装nslookup

[root@server21 ~]# yum provides nslookup                    // 查询nslookup在哪个套件里面
[root@server21 ~]# yum install bind-utils                   // 安装成功

### --- 若是解析不了，先关闭本机配置的dns解析文件

[root@server21 ~]# vim /etc/resolv.conf
#nameserver 114.114.114.114
#nameserver 8.8.8.8
[root@server21 ~]# nslookup mail.extmail.org
Server:     127.0.0.1
Address:    127.0.0.1#53

Name:   mail.extmail.org
Address: 20.20.20.21

二、在另一台上使用nslookup测试dns是否能解析

### --- 安装gcc以及其他依赖软件

[root@server21 ~]# yum install -y gcc* mysql-server mysql httpd mailx

### --- 启动MySQL（apache）并设置开机自启

[root@server21 ~]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@server21 ~]# chkconfig httpd on
[root@server21 ~]# service mysqld start
[root@server21 ~]# service httpd start

三、将web页面放在apache的网页目录下

### --- 将extmail.zip包上传到服务器中

[root@server21 ~]# mkdir -p /var/www/extsuite

### --- 创建一个单独的目录
 
[root@server21 ~]# unzip extmail.zip  
[root@server21 ~]# cd extmail
[root@server21 extmail]# tar -xf extmail-1.2.tar.gz -C /var/www/extsuite/
[root@server21 extmail]# tar -xf extman-1.1.tar.gz  -C /var/www/extsuite/

### --- 将extmail和extman解压到创建的目录中
### --- 将两个解压后的目录去掉版本号，并修改文件归属

[root@server21 extmail]# cd /var/www/extsuite
[root@server21 extsuite]# mv extmail-1.2 extmail
[root@server21 extsuite]# mv extman-1.1 extman
[root@server21 extsuite]# ll
drwxr-xr-x  9 500 500 4096 Feb  4 09:53 extmail
drwxr-xr-x 11 500 500 4096 Dec 24  2009 extman
[root@server21 extsuite]# chown -R root.root *
[root@server21 extsuite]# ll
drwxr-xr-x  9 root root 4096 Feb  4 09:53 extmail
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 Dec 24  2009 extman

四、将成品数据库文件导入到MySQL中*（没设置密码，空密码登录）

### --- 将成品数据库文件导入到MySQL中*（没设置密码，空密码登录）

[root@server21 extsuite]# cd /var/www/extsuite/
[root@server21 extsuite]# mysql < ./extman/docs/extmail.sql
[root@server21 extsuite]# vim ./extman/docs/init.sql
LOCK TABLES `manager` WRITE;
INSERT INTO `manager` VALUES ('root@extmail.org','123456','admin','root','Super User','my question','my answer','0','2007-02-14 15:10:04','2010-11-08',1);  #将$1$BrT9qxfB$Ha81Mb5YVV6rNKNN5jmtj1修改为123456，其实是一个密码
UNLOCK TABLES;

### --- 将此文件中该位置的密码修改为123456,切记先修改，再导入

[root@server21 extsuite]# mysql < ./extman/docs/init.sql

五、将邮件模板拷贝到邮件服务器的主目录下

### --- 将邮件模板拷贝到邮件服务器的主目录下

[root@server21 extsuite]# cd /var/www/extsuite/extman/docs/
[root@server21 docs]# cp -a mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf /etc/postfix/

六、创建映射用户&修改配置文件

### --- 创建映射用户&修改配置文件

[root@server21~]# useradd -u 600 -s /sbin/nologin vmail
[root@server21 ~]# vim /etc/postfix/main.cf
inet_interfaces = all                                       // 将此选项取消注释
#inet_interfaces = localhost                                // 将此选项注释掉
#在尾部添加下列内容      #大写G切换到最后
virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail
virtual_uid_maps = static:600
virtual_gid_maps = static:600
virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf
virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf
virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf

七、重启服务&发送邮件测试&查看结果

### --- 重启服务&发送邮件测试&查看结果

[root@server21 ~]# service postfix restart
[root@server21 ~]# chkconfig --list postfix                         // 默认是开机自启的
postfix         0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
[root@server21 ~]# echo "hello" | mail -s test support@extmail.org  // 发送hello给support这个邮箱

[root@server21 ~]# cat /home/vmail/extmail.org/postmaster/Maildir/new/1612406352.V803I4412f5M82499.server21 
Return-Path: <root@server21.localdomain>
X-Original-To: support@extmail.org
Delivered-To: postmaster@extmail.org
Received: by server21.localdomain (Postfix, from userid 0)
    id 10930480A19; Thu,  4 Feb 2021 10:39:12 +0800 (CST)
Date: Thu, 04 Feb 2021 10:39:11 +0800
To: support@extmail.org
Subject: test                                                       // 主题是test
User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.4 7/29/08
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Message-Id: <20210204023912.10930480A19@server21.localdomain>
From: root@server21.localdomain (root)                              // 来自于哪个邮箱地址

hello                                                               // 内容

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Walter Savage Landor:strove with none,for none was worth my strife.Nature I loved and, next to Nature, Art:I warm'd both hands before the fire of life.It sinks, and I am ready to depart

                                                                                                                                                   ——W.S.Landor

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