|NO.Z.00058|——————————|^^ 部署 ^^|——|Linux&Centos6.x&LNMP.V02|

一、源码软件包安装
### --- Nginx

~~~     Nginx是一款轻量级的web服务器/反向代理服务器及电子邮件(IMAP/POP3)代理服务器,
~~~     在BSD-like协议下发行,其特点是占有内存少,并发能力强。
### --- 下载nginx源码包

[root@server21 ~]# mkdir /lnmp
[root@server21 ~]# cd /lnmp/
[root@server21 lnmp]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[root@server21 lnmp]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz 
### --- 创建用于运行nginx的用户

[root@server21 lnmp]# useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin nginx
### --- 解压缩并安装

[root@server21 lnmp]# cd nginx-1.12.2
[root@server21 nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module && make && make install
[root@server21 nginx-1.12.2]# echo $?
0
[root@server21 nginx-1.12.2]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx 
[root@server21 nginx-1.12.2]# netstat -antp
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State       PID/Program name   
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      4385/nginx          
### --- 验证:

~~~     http://20.20.20.21/
~~~     Welcome to nginx!
~~~     上传编写好的nginx启动管理脚本(见文本尾部)
二、安装MySQL
### --- 安装MySQL

~~~		下载:https://dev.mysql.com/downloads.mysql/
~~~		选择:MySQL Community SERVER 5.5 >>
~~~		选择:Select Version:按照自己要求选择
~~~		Select Operating System:Source Code
~~~		Select OS Version:Generic Linux
### --- 格式:mysql-N.N.NN.tar.gz

[root@server21 nginx-1.12.2]# cd ..
[root@server21 lnmp]# wget http://downloads.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.5/mysql-5.5.25a.tar.gz
~~~     #OR
[root@server21 ~]# https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.5.62-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
### --- 创建用于运行MySQL的用户:

[root@server21 lnmp]# useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql
### --- 解压缩MySQL并安装

[root@server21 mysql-5.5.25a]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.25a.tar.gz
[root@server21 mysql-5.5.25a]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
> -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
> -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 \
> -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306
[root@server21 mysql-5.5.25a]# echo $?
0
[root@server21 mysql-5.5.25a]# make && make install
[root@server21 mysql-5.5.25a]# echo $?
0
[root@server21 mysql-5.5.25a]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/bin
### --- 修改安装后的目录权限

[root@server21 mysql-5.5.25a]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@server21 mysql]# chown -R root .
[root@server21 mysql]# chown -R mysql data/
### --- 生成MySQL配置文件

[root@server21 mysql]# cp -a /lnmp/mysql-5.5.25a/support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp: overwrite '/etc/my.cnf'? y
### --- 初始化。生成授权表

[root@server21 mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql/                     // 一定要先切换到此目录下,然后在执行下一步
[root@server21 mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql  // 初始化成功标志:两个ok
### --- 生成MySQL的启动和自启动管理脚本

[root@server21 mysql]# cd /lnmp/mysql-5.5.25a/support-files/    // 切换到MySQL的源码解压缩目录下的support-files
[root@server21 support-files]# cp -a mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@server21 support-files]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@server21 support-files]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@server21 support-files]# service mysqld status
 ERROR! MySQL is not running
[root@server21 support-files]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
[root@server21 support-files]# netstat -antp
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State       PID/Program name   
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      14203/mysqld 
### --- 给MySQL的root用户设置密码

[root@server21 support-files]# mysqladmin -uroot password 123456
[root@server21 support-files]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 123456
mysql> 
三、PHP
### --- 下载:http://www.php.net/

[root@server21 lnmp]# wget http://tw2.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.38.tar.gz
[root@server21 lnmp]# tar -zxvf php-5.6.38.tar.gz 
### --- 解压缩PHP并安装

[root@server21 php-5.6.38]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php/ --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc/ \
> --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --enable-soap --enable-mbstring=all --enable-sockets \
> --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-gd --without-pear --enable-fpm
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| License:                                                           |
| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this     |
| distribution in the file LICENSE.  By continuing this installation |
| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement.     |
| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |
| the installation process at this point.                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+

Thank you for using PHP.

config.status: creating php5.spec
config.status: creating main/build-defs.h
config.status: creating scripts/phpize
config.status: creating scripts/man1/phpize.1
config.status: creating scripts/php-config
config.status: creating scripts/man1/php-config.1
config.status: creating sapi/cli/php.1
config.status: creating sapi/fpm/php-fpm.conf
config.status: creating sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm
config.status: creating sapi/fpm/php-fpm.service
config.status: creating sapi/fpm/php-fpm.8
config.status: creating sapi/fpm/status.html
config.status: creating sapi/cgi/php-cgi.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.phar.1
config.status: creating main/php_config.h
config.status: executing default commands
### --- 报错信息
If configure fails try --with-vpx-dir=<DIR>
If configure fails try --with-jpeg-dir=<DIR>
configure: error: png.h not found.

### --- 解决方案:
[root@server21 php-5.6.38]# yum install libpng
[root@server21 php-5.6.38]# yum install libpng-devel
### --- 报错信息:若遇到libpeng.so not found.报错(老版本的PHP会出现此问题)
[root@server21 php-5.6.38]# make && make install

### --- 解决方案:
[root@server21 php-5.6.38]# ln -s /usr/lib64/libpng.so /usr/lib
### --- 生成PHP配置文件
[root@server21 php-5.6.38]# cp -a /lnmp/php-5.6.38/php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini    #复制源码包内的配置文件到安装目录下,并改名即可

### --- 创建软连接,使用PHP相关命令是更方便
[root@server21 php-5.6.38]# ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
[root@server21 php-5.6.38]# ln -s /usr/local/php/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/
四、配置nginx连接PHP(重难点)
### --- 配置nginx连接PHP(重难点)

~~~     当由用户通过nginx的80端口进行请求,nginx响应并判断用户的请求,
~~~     若是普通的HTML的页面,nginx会直接返回结果,若是PHP的页面,
~~~     nginx会主动向php-fpm发起请求,告诉它有一个PHP的页面需要解析,你找PHP解析一下。
~~~     nginx连接PHP是借助了PHP-fpm:9000端口来完成连接,
~~~     而Apache是通过模块来实现连接的。
### --- nginx连接PHP需要启动php-fpm服务
~~~		启动时开启的进程数、最少空闲进程数、做多空闲进程数(默认值,未修改)
~~~		修改nginx启动管理脚本,将php-fpm的注释取消掉即可

[root@server21 php-5.6.38]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/
[root@server21 etc]# cp -a php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf // 生成php-fpm的配置文件,并修改制定参数
[root@server21 etc]# vim php-fpm.conf                       // 修改指定条目的参数:
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
user = nginx                                                // 默认是nobody
group = nginx       
pm.start_servers = 2
pm.min_spare_servers = 1
pm.max_spare_servers = 3
### --- 修改nginx的配置文件,使其识别.php后缀的文件

[root@server21 ~]# cp -a /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf  /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.bac
[root@server21 ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf     // 取消下列的注释,并修改include选项的后缀为fastcgi.conf,并注意每一行结尾的分号和大括号
user  nginx;                                                // 默认是nobody;默认是注销的,开启即可
        location ~ \.php$ {                                 // 默认是注释的,取消注释。不需要进行任何修改,只需要取消注释
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi.conf;                    // 把fastcgi_params; 修改为fastcgi.conf     #默认是fastcgi_params;,建议修改为fastcfi.conf,不然会报错。
        }       
### --- 测试:
### --- 重启nginx服务,创建PHP测试文件,访问并查看是否解析
### --- 配置启动脚本,见三、附件

[root@server21 ~]# vim /etc/init.d/nginx
vim /etc/init.d/nginx
[root@server21 ~]# chmod  +x /etc/init.d/nginx 
[root@server21 ~]# service nginx start
nginx service start success! 
[root@server21 ~]# service nginx restart 
nginx service stop success!
nginx service start success!   
[root@server21 ~]# netstat -antp
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      647/php-fpm         
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      14203/mysqld        
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      643/nginx  
### --- 写入PHP的测试页面
~~~		可以正常获取PHP 5.6.38版本的信息
~~~		访问验证:http://20.20.20.21/test.php 

[root@server21 ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/test.php
 <?php
        phpinfo();
### --- 修改nginx配置文件,使其默认自动加载PHP文件

[root@server21 ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.php index.htm;          // 加入index.php的解析页面
        }
### --- 验证:
~~~		访问http://20.20.20.21/默认访问的是Apache的页面,因为在配置文件里,
~~~		index.html优先级高于index.php,有index.html就加载index.html,没有就加载index.php
[root@server21 ~]# mv /usr/local/nginx/html/test.php /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php

### --- 验证:
~~~		访问http://20.20.20.21/显示PHP的解析页面PHP Version 5.6.38,
~~~		谁在前面就优先加载谁,若是都没有,就显示该目录下的文件列表
[root@server21 ~]# service nginx restart
[root@server21 ~]# rm -rf /usr/local/nginx/html/index.html // 把index.html的配置文件删除
五、附件:建议使用时先复制到文本文件中查看是否有字符集问题
~~~		# 有4个变量,2个是命令,一个是nginx的启动命令,一个是php-fpm的启动命令,
~~~		# 两个pid文件有kiss语句,当执行start/restart/stop同时操作nginx,php-fpm

###################################Nginx自动的管理脚本##############################

[root@server21 ~]# vim /etc/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/bash
#Author: yanqi
#chkconfig: 2345 99 33
#description:nginx server control tools

ngxc="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
pidf="usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
ngxc_fpm="/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm"
pidf_fpm="/usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid"
case "$1" in
    start)
        $ngxc -t &> /dev/null
        if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
                $ngxc
                $ngxc_fpm
                echo "nginx service start success!"
        else
                $ngxc -t
        fi
        ;;
    stop)
        kill -s QUIT $(cat $pidf)
        kill -s QUIT $(cat $pidf_fpm)
                echo "nginx service stop success!"
        ;;
    restart)
        $0 stop
        $0 start
        ;;
    reload)
        $ngxc -t &> /dev/mull
        if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
                kill -s HUP $(cat $pidf)
                kill -s HUP $(cat $pidf_fpm)
                echo "reload nginx config success!"
        else
                $ngxc -t
        fi
        ;;
    *)
        echo "please input stop|start|restart|reload."
        exit 1
esac

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Walter Savage Landor:strove with none,for none was worth my strife.Nature I loved and, next to Nature, Art:I warm'd both hands before the fire of life.It sinks, and I am ready to depart
                                                                                                                                                   ——W.S.Landor

 

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