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Linux-监控目录及文件

Linux-通过inotifywait监控目录及文件

inotifywait命令的使用此处就不写了;可以参考文章:https://www.cnblogs.com/martinzhang/p/4126907.html

inotifywait命令是工具包 inotify-tools 里面的,可以直接通过yum安装 yum install inotify-tools -y

此处通过inotifywait监控某个目录及里面的文件,(create、delete、modify)。通过Python发送邮件告知:

(1)编写邮件脚本/tmp/mail.py

# !/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# Date:2019-02-13
# Desc: 用于发送邮件脚本,使用方法:python3.6 脚本名字(mail.py) 主题 邮件内容 附件路径
# By:yanjieli
# Email:381347268@qq.com

# 引入相应的模块
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEBase
from email import encoders
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
import sys

class SendMail(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.fromUser = "******@qq.com"
        self.userPasswd = "vpqnntvrrflibghe"      # 此处是qq邮箱授权码, 不是登录密码
        self.smtpAddr = "smtp.qq.com"


    # 构造邮件结构
    # toAddrs 收件人可以是多个,["xxx@qq.com","xxx@qq.com"], subject 邮件的主题, msg 邮件的内容
    def mailStructure(self, toAddrs, subject, msg, filePath):
        # 邮件对象:
        mailMsg = MIMEMultipart()
        mailMsg['Subject'] = ("Hello Administrators <%s>" % subject)
        mailMsg['From'] = ("Python管理员 <%s>" % self.fromUser)
        mailMsg['To'] = ','.join(toAddrs)
        # 邮件正文是MIMEText :
        mailMsg.attach(MIMEText('<html><body><h1>%s</h1>' % (msg) + '<p><img src="cid:1"></p>' + '</body></html>', 'html','utf-8'))
        #mailMsg.attach(MIMEText(msg, 'html', 'utf-8'))


        # 发送文件附件, 需要用到附件对象MIMEBase对象, 需要引入from email.mime.multipart import MIMEBase
        # 添加附件就是加上一个MIMEBase,从本地读取一个文件:
        with open(filePath, "rb") as f:
        #with open(r"C:\Users\YJ\Desktop\aaa.txt", "rb") as f:
            # 设置附件的MIME和文件名,这里是png类型:
            mime = MIMEBase("txta", "txt", filename="info.txt")
            # 加上必要的头信息:
            mime.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='info.txt')
            mime.add_header('Content-ID', '<0>')
            mime.add_header('X-Attachment-Id', '0')
            # 把附件的内容读进来:
            mime.set_payload(f.read())
            # 用Base64编码:
            encoders.encode_base64(mime)
            # 添加到MIMEMultipart:
            mailMsg.attach(mime)
        return mailMsg.as_string()
    # 发送邮件
    def sendMail(self, toAddrs, subject, msg,filePath):
        mailMsg_as_string = self.mailStructure(toAddrs, subject, msg,filePath)
        # 连接服务器发送邮件
        try:
            server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(self.smtpAddr, 465)
            server.connect(self.smtpAddr)  # 连接smtp服务器
            server.login(self.fromUser, self.userPasswd)  # 登录邮箱
            server.sendmail(self.fromUser, toAddrs, mailMsg_as_string)  # 发送邮件
            server.quit()
        except Exception:
            print("Error: unable to send email")

subject = sys.argv[1]    # 邮件主题
msg = sys.argv[2]    # 邮件内容
filePath = sys.argv[3]    # 附件路径
a = SendMail()    #实例化一个对象
a.sendMail(["381347268@qq.com",], subject, msg, filePath)    #执行sendMail方法

(2)编写shell监控脚本/tmp/test.sh

#!/bin/bash
#date:20190213
#explain:监控目录是否发生变化
#by:YJLI

CHECKDIR="/tmp/test"    #监控目录路径
LOG="/tmp/inot.log"        #日志存放路径
PYTHONMAIL="/tmp/mail.py"    #发送邮件脚本路径


function CheckDir {
    inotifywait -mrq --timefmt '%y-%m-%d %H:%M'  --format '%T %f %e' -e 'create,delete,modify,moved_to' $CHECKDIR|while read event
    do 
        INO_TIME=$(echo $event | awk '{print $1,$2}')        # 把inotify输出切割 把时间部分赋值给INO_TIME
        INO_FILE=$(echo $event | awk '{print $3}')          # 把inotify输出切割 把文件路径部分赋值给INO_FILE
        INO_EVENT=$(echo $event | awk '{print $4}')         # 把inotify输出切割 把事件类型部分赋值给INO_EVENT        
        
        if [[ $INO_EVENT = 'CREATE' ]] && [[ $INO_FILE != .* ]];then        # 判断事件类型(create)
            echo "`date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M'` create file: $INO_FILE" >> $LOG
            /usr/bin/python3.5 $PYTHONMAIL create "创建了一个文件:${INO_FILE},详情见附件" $LOG
        elif [[ $INO_EVENT = 'CREATE,ISDIR' ]];then
            echo "`date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M'` create dir: $INO_FILE" >> $LOG
            /usr/bin/python3.5 $PYTHONMAIL create "创建了一个目录:${INO_FILE},详情见附件" $LOG
        fi
        
        if [[ $INO_EVENT = 'DELETE' ]] && [[ $INO_FILE != .* ]];then        # 判断事件类型(delete)
            echo "`date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M'` delete file: $INO_FILE" >> $LOG
            /usr/bin/python3.5 $PYTHONMAIL delete "删除了一个文件:${INO_FILE},详情见附件" $LOG
        elif [[ $INO_EVENT = 'DELETE,ISDIR' ]];then
            echo "`date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M'` delete dir: $INO_FILE" >> $LOG
            /usr/bin/python3.5 $PYTHONMAIL delete "删除了一个目录:${INO_FILE},详情见附件" $LOG
        fi
        
        if [[ $INO_EVENT = 'MODIFY' ]] && [[ $INO_FILE != .* ]];then        # 判断事件类型(modify)
            echo "`date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M'` modify file: $INO_FILE" >> $LOG
            /usr/bin/python3.5 $PYTHONMAIL delete "修改了一个文件:${INO_FILE},详情见附件" $LOG
        fi

    done
}

CheckDir

(3)执行shell脚本并放在后台执行

[root@courtoap tmp]# nohup bash /tmp/test.sh &  #执行脚本并放在后台执行

(4)测试

[root@courtoap test]# cd /tmp/test  #进入到测试目录
[root@courtoap test]# ls  #查看当前目录文件
[root@courtoap test]# touch file1  #创建一个新的文件
[root@courtoap test]# mkdir dir1  #创建一个新的目录
[root@courtoap test]# echo test >> file1   #编辑file1文件
[root@courtoap test]# rm -rf file1   #删除file1文件
[root@courtoap test]# touch dir1/dir1_file  #在dir1目录里面再创建一个文件
[root@courtoap test]# cat /tmp/inot.log  #查看生成的日志
2019-02-13 16:00 create file: file1
2019-02-13 16:00 create dir: dir1
2019-02-13 16:00 modify file: file1
2019-02-13 16:01 delete file: file1
2019-02-13 16:03 create file: dir1_file

 查看邮件:

 

posted @ 2019-02-13 16:24  别来无恙-  阅读(5811)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报