redis cluster(集群)模式的创建方式

redis常用的架构有三种,单例、哨兵、集群,其他的都说过了,这里只简单介绍集群搭建。

        单例最简单没什么好说的。

        哨兵之前说过,该模式下有哨兵节点监视master和slave,若master宕机可自动将slave转为master,但它也有一个问题,就是不能动态扩充,并且存储大小受每个节点的内存大小限制。

        集群模式Redis-Cluster,采用无中心结构,每个节点都和集群内其他节点有连接,数据可以跨主机分布式存储,解决了存储大小受主机限制的问题,Redis集群预分好16384个插槽(slot),每个节点分配一部分slot,当需要在 Redis 集群中放置一个 key-value 时,根据哈希算法决定将key放到哪个slot中,进而找到对应存放数据的主机,查询数据也一样。

        集群模式内部同样可以配置主从,例如集群有六个数据节点,可以设置三个主节点,每个主节点对应一个从节点,当一个主节点宕机,可以自动将从节点变成主节点,保证整个集群还能用。但是一个主节点和对应的从节点都宕机后集群将不可用。每个主节点可以配置多个从节点。

集群搭建步骤

        1、创建几台虚机,(集群模式最少要三个主节点)例如我们搭建一个三主三从的集群,创建六台虚机,当然要测试的话也可以部署在同一台主机上,使用不同的端口模拟不同主机。

        2、在每台主机上安装redis,注意redis配置文件需要注意cluster相关的配置,例如修改cluster-enabled  的值是yes,表示开启集群,其他的超时时间等配置根据实际修改或默认。

        3、redis安装完之后不会自己变成集群,还需要执行创建集群的命令,这个每个版本不太一样,redis5使用redis-cli --cluster ,redis3使用redis-trib.rb,下面具体说。

redis5集群创建

redis5的cluster相关命令,此处只写创建,当然还支持添加节点、删除、对solt进行操作等

[root@fvb9wbpl-clustermanager-e0hhllme ~]# redis-cli --cluster help
Cluster Manager Commands:
  create         host1:port1 ... hostN:portN
                 --cluster-replicas <arg>
  check          host:port
                 --cluster-search-multiple-owners
  info           host:port
  fix            host:port
                 --cluster-search-multiple-owners
  reshard        host:port
                 --cluster-from <arg>
                 --cluster-to <arg>
                 --cluster-slots <arg>
                 --cluster-yes
                 --cluster-timeout <arg>
                 --cluster-pipeline <arg>
                 --cluster-replace
  rebalance      host:port
                 --cluster-weight <node1=w1...nodeN=wN>
                 --cluster-use-empty-masters
                 --cluster-timeout <arg>
                 --cluster-simulate
                 --cluster-pipeline <arg>
                 --cluster-threshold <arg>
                 --cluster-replace
  add-node       new_host:new_port existing_host:existing_port
                 --cluster-slave
                 --cluster-master-id <arg>
  del-node       host:port node_id
  call           host:port command arg arg .. arg
  set-timeout    host:port milliseconds
  import         host:port
                 --cluster-from <arg>
                 --cluster-copy
                 --cluster-replace
  help

For check, fix, reshard, del-node, set-timeout you can specify the host and port of any working node in the cluster.

创建主从集群命令,后面是集群的ip地址和端口,cluster-replicas 1表示一个主节点对应1个从节点,创建成功后会自动分配主从关系

redis-cli --cluster create --cluster-replicas 1 10.110.30.136:6379 10.110.30.137:6379 10.110.30.138:6379 10.110.30.144:6379 10.110.30.145:6379 10.110.30.146:6379

出现提示后再输入yes,然后开始创建集群

创建成功后查看集群,后面的ip可以是集群中的任意一个节点,结果中的M代表主节点,当M节点宕机后集群会自动把S节点变成M节点,这个可以自行测试

[root@fvb9wbpl-clustermanager-e0hhllme ~]# redis-cli --cluster check 10.110.30.68:6379
10.110.30.70:6379 (5e49929d...) -> 0 keys | 5461 slots | 1 slaves.
10.110.30.69:6379 (6dc594c5...) -> 0 keys | 5462 slots | 1 slaves.
10.110.30.112:6379 (2b9a0210...) -> 0 keys | 5461 slots | 1 slaves.
[OK] 0 keys in 3 masters.
0.00 keys per slot on average.
>>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 10.110.30.68:6379)
S: 15a969da394187e239baab1cc57bc6ec810996fe 10.110.30.68:6379
   slots: (0 slots) slave
   replicates 2b9a0210b3223a1d865324ec32cc70f8ebcbaf65
S: 095777fb0d8ad380e420b9ef465d202a745a14e6 10.110.30.114:6379
   slots: (0 slots) slave
   replicates 6dc594c5180f655603504ab68591b2e7492c7963
S: 20a33128f5353d36cb084d6ae2bf24c5b4806538 10.110.30.113:6379
   slots: (0 slots) slave
   replicates 5e49929d47e7bd438ea2e25c3731179f460eb387
M: 5e49929d47e7bd438ea2e25c3731179f460eb387 10.110.30.70:6379
   slots:[0-5460] (5461 slots) master
   1 additional replica(s)
M: 6dc594c5180f655603504ab68591b2e7492c7963 10.110.30.69:6379
   slots:[5461-10922] (5462 slots) master
   1 additional replica(s)
M: 2b9a0210b3223a1d865324ec32cc70f8ebcbaf65 10.110.30.112:6379
   slots:[10923-16383] (5461 slots) master
   1 additional replica(s)
[OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
>>> Check for open slots...
>>> Check slots coverage...
[OK] All 16384 slots covered.

 

redis3集群创建

redis3不支持cluster,3版本创建集群使用redis-trib.rb,当然还需要ruby等不在这里介绍。

redis-trib.rb的参数跟cluster类似,了解了上面的下面这个一看就懂,基本一样的

[root@mucuijwb-clustermanager-o9sprluh bin]# /usr/local/bin/redis-trib.rb help
Usage: redis-trib <command> <options> <arguments ...>

  create          host1:port1 ... hostN:portN
                  --replicas <arg>
  check           host:port
  info            host:port
  fix             host:port
                  --timeout <arg>
  reshard         host:port
                  --from <arg>
                  --to <arg>
                  --slots <arg>
                  --yes
                  --timeout <arg>
                  --pipeline <arg>
  rebalance       host:port
                  --weight <arg>
                  --auto-weights
                  --use-empty-masters
                  --timeout <arg>
                  --simulate
                  --pipeline <arg>
                  --threshold <arg>
  add-node        new_host:new_port existing_host:existing_port
                  --slave
                  --master-id <arg>
  del-node        host:port node_id
  set-timeout     host:port milliseconds
  call            host:port command arg arg .. arg
  import          host:port
                  --from <arg>
                  --copy
                  --replace
  help            (show this help)

For check, fix, reshard, del-node, set-timeout you can specify the host and port of any working node in the cluster.

创建主从集群命令,参数含义跟cluster的一样

/usr/local/bin/redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 10.110.30.74:6379 10.110.30.137:6379 10.110.30.138:6379 10.110.30.144:6379 10.110.30.145:6379 10.110.30.146:6379

检查集群

[root@mucuijwb-clustermanager-o9sprluh bin]# /usr/local/bin/redis-trib.rb check 10.110.30.74:6379
>>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 10.110.30.74:6379)
M: 7483d09dadda2ecebd9fdbd6b1f186769e00904d 10.110.30.74:6379
   slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master
   1 additional replica(s)
M: 76ecc2cf2ddc07fe7f2fda53f2f5318198321761 10.110.30.72:6379
   slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master
   1 additional replica(s)
M: 0f60c9c6595726d391805f5acfaf5be13496346a 10.110.30.73:6379
   slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
   1 additional replica(s)
S: 6f56bbe811be2ff97ef654777ae48c3ae5d83824 10.110.30.111:6379
   slots: (0 slots) slave
   replicates 76ecc2cf2ddc07fe7f2fda53f2f5318198321761
S: 8c3bb1ed5e531665dfedf126df5121b76dc604d4 10.110.30.110:6379
   slots: (0 slots) slave
   replicates 7483d09dadda2ecebd9fdbd6b1f186769e00904d
S: 543c3b42c93ccac1728eaa5d5c9a43938f922890 10.110.30.108:6379
   slots: (0 slots) slave
   replicates 0f60c9c6595726d391805f5acfaf5be13496346a
[OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
>>> Check for open slots...
>>> Check slots coverage...
[OK] All 16384 slots covered.

 

集群连接

客户端连接集群模式可以直接连接redis节点,不需要再经过中间节点转发,客户端连接集群,需要加 -c 参数,否则插入数据会报错

[root@fvb9wbpl-rediscluster-vddntq84 ~]# redis-cli -c
127.0.0.1:6379> dbsize
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379>

连接其他主机

[root@fvb9wbpl-rediscluster-vddntq84 ~]# redis-cli -c -h 10.110.30.113 -p 6379
10.110.30.113:6379> dbsize
(integer) 0
10.110.30.113:6379>

插入数据和查询数据,注意对插槽slot的分配操作,可以看出来是分布式存储的

[root@fvb9wbpl-rediscluster-vddntq84 ~]# redis-cli -c -h 10.110.30.113 -p 6379
10.110.30.113:6379> set foo bar
-> Redirected to slot [12182] located at 10.110.30.112:6379
OK10.110.30.112:6379> set c d
-> Redirected to slot [7365] located at 10.110.30.69:6379
OK
10.110.30.69:6379>
10.110.30.69:6379> get foo
-> Redirected to slot [12182] located at 10.110.30.112:6379
"bar"
10.110.30.112:6379> get c
-> Redirected to slot [7365] located at 10.110.30.69:6379
"d"
10.110.30.69:6379>

 

posted @ 2019-11-05 11:08  张艳华  阅读(5818)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报