Ubuntu 安装mysql
一、安装mysql
sudo apt install mysql-server sudo apt install mysql-client sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
二、安装tools工具
sudo apt install net-tools
三、查看socket处于 listen 状态则表示安装成功。
kuaibang@face:/etc/mysql$ sudo netstat -antpl | grep mysql tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:33060 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 131067/mysqld tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 131067/mysqld
四、登录mysql，使用自带用户名和密码登录
kuaibang@face:$ sudo cat /etc/mysql/debian.cnf # Automatically generated for Debian scripts. DO NOT TOUCH! [client] host = localhost user = debian-sys-maint >>> 用户名 password = lncvxxxxxxxx2Zrd >>> 密码 socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock [mysql_upgrade] host = localhost user = debian-sys-maint password = lncvPshdcrgR2Zrd socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
登录mysql:
sudo mysql -u debian-sys-maint -p
kuaibang@face:/etc/mysql$ sudo mysql -u debian-sys-maint -p Enter password: >>> 输入密码 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 17 Server version: 8.0.28-0ubuntu0.20.04.3 (Ubuntu) Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
说明：
-u 表示选择登陆的用户名， -p 表示登陆的用户密码，输入密码登录到mysql
注：安装mysql，root用户密码为空，以下为修改密码步骤！
五、修改mysql密码
MySql 从8.0开始修改密码有了变化，在user表加了字段authentication_string，修改密码前先检查authentication_string是否为空。
mysql 5.7.9以后废弃了password字段和password()函数；authentication_string:字段表示用户密码，而authentication_string字段下只能是mysql加密后的41位字符串密码。所以需要用一下方式来修改root密码：
格式：ALTER user '用户名'@'主机' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'new password';
mysql> use mysql; >>> 进入mysql数据库 Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user; >>> 查看主机，用户名，密码，认证插件类型 +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+ | host | user | authentication_string | plugin | +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+ | % | root | *832EB84CB764129D05D498ED9CA7E5CE9B8F83EB | mysql_native_password | | localhost | debian-sys-maint | $A$005$Ay'r}*2\},kU|L-N^YFLdAR2ZjVyX.9DKmReaj6EhJ6DrgYlA3EvX5rUJlt9 | caching_sha2_password | | localhost | mysql.infoschema | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password | | localhost | mysql.session | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password | | localhost | mysql.sys | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password | +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> update user set authentication_string='' where user='root'; >>> 更新root用户密码为空 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user; +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+ | host | user | authentication_string | plugin | +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+ | % | root | | mysql_native_password | | localhost | debian-sys-maint | $A$005$Ay'r}*2\},kU|L-N^YFLdAR2ZjVyX.9DKmReaj6EhJ6DrgYlA3EvX5rUJlt9 | caching_sha2_password | | localhost | mysql.infoschema | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password | | localhost | mysql.session | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password | | localhost | mysql.sys | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password | +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'xxx'; >>> 重新设置root 密码为xxx Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user; +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+ | host | user | authentication_string | plugin | +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+ | % | root | *23AE809DDACAF96AF0FD78ED04B6A265E05AA257 | mysql_native_password | | localhost | debian-sys-maint | $A$005$Ay'r}*2\},kU|L-N^YFLdAR2ZjVyX.9DKmReaj6EhJ6DrgYlA3EvX5rUJlt9 | caching_sha2_password | | localhost | mysql.infoschema | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password | | localhost | mysql.session | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password | | localhost | mysql.sys | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password | +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; >>> 刷新权限 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> exit >>> 退出登录 Bye kuaibang@face:/etc/mysql$ sudo systemctl restart mysql >>> 重启数据库 kuaibang@face:/etc/mysql$ sudo mysql -u root -p >>> 登录mysql,验证修改的密码是否生效 Enter password: >>> 输入旧密码 ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES) >> 登录使用旧密码，报错 kuaibang@face:/etc/mysql$ sudo mysql -u root -p >>> 再次使用新密码登录 Enter password: >>> 输入修改后新密码 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 11 Server version: 8.0.28-0ubuntu0.20.04.3 (Ubuntu) Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> >>> 登录成功！
至此，mysql密码修改完成，可以正常使用！
