【计网实验】三层交换机的配置
三层交换机的配置
实验环境
- 仿真平台：Cisco Packet Tracer 6.1
- 终端系统：Linux Ubuntu Mate 20.04
- 交换机：3560-24PS
实验1：通过 vlan ip 做网关，实现不同 vlan 间的路由
网络拓扑
网络配置
- PC1：192.168.1.1/24，网关192.168.1.2
- PC2：192.168.2.1/24，网关192.168.2.2
实验步骤
1.配置交换机
Switch>en
Switch#vlan data
Switch(vlan)#vlan 2
VLAN 2 added:
Name: VLAN0002
Switch(vlan)#vlan 3
VLAN 3 added:
Name: VLAN0003
Switch(vlan)#exit
Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#int f0/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2
Switch(config-if)#int f0/2
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 3
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#int vlan 2
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#no shutdown
Switch(config-if)#int vlan 3
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#no shutdown
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#ip routing
Switch(config)#end
2.检查配置
VLAN配置：
Switch#show vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5, Fa0/6
Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9, Fa0/10
Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14
Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18
Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22
Fa0/23, Fa0/24, Gig0/1, Gig0/2
2 VLAN0002 active Fa0/1
3 VLAN0003 active Fa0/2
1002 fddi-default act/unsup
1003 token-ring-default act/unsup
1004 fddinet-default act/unsup
1005 trnet-default act/unsup
VLAN Type SAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ ------
1 enet 100001 1500 - - - - - 0 0
2 enet 100002 1500 - - - - - 0 0
3 enet 100003 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1002 fddi 101002 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1003 tr 101003 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1004 fdnet 101004 1500 - - - ieee - 0 0
1005 trnet 101005 1500 - - - ibm - 0 0
Remote SPAN VLANs
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Primary Secondary Type Ports
------- --------- ----------------- ------------------------------------------
路由配置：
Switch#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan2
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan3
通信测试
使用PC1来Ping PC2：
PC>ipconfig
FastEthernet0 Connection:(default port)
Link-local IPv6 Address.........: FE80::201:96FF:FEB5:9EBD
IP Address......................: 192.168.1.1
Subnet Mask.....................: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway.................: 192.168.1.2
PC>ping 192.168.1.1
Pinging 192.168.1.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=5ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=128
Ping statistics for 192.168.1.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 5ms, Average = 2ms
PC>ping 192.168.1.2
Pinging 192.168.1.2 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255
Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255
Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255
Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255
Ping statistics for 192.168.1.2:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
PC>ping 192.168.2.2
Pinging 192.168.2.2 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=255
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255
Ping statistics for 192.168.2.2:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0ms
PC>ping 192.168.2.1
Pinging 192.168.2.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=127
Ping statistics for 192.168.2.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0ms
实验2：通过设置端口的三层工作模式实现不同网络的路由
网络拓扑
实验步骤
Switch>en
Switch#conf t
Switch(config)#int f0/1
Switch(config-if)#no switchport
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#int f0/2
Switch(config-if)#no switchport
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#ip routing
Switch(config)#end
Switch#wr
Building configuration...
[OK]
Switch#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/2
用这种方法实现不同网段的互联其实就是把三层交换机当做普通路由器使用，连接的两个端口分别配置不同的局域网，通过路由器连接两个不同的局域网。
