jQuery的选择器
1. jQuery的基本选择器
代码示例如下所示:
<!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>jQuery的基本选择器</title> <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery.js"></script> <script> $(function () { //三种方式获取jQuery对象 var jQuery_box1 = $("#box"); var jQuery_box2 = $(".box"); var jQuery_box3 = $("div"); //操作标签选择器 jQuery_box3.css({ "width": "100px", "height": "100px", "margin-top": "10px", }); //操作类选择器(隐式迭代, 不用单个设置) jQuery_box2.css("background", "green"); jQuery_box2.text("我是类选择器"); //操作id选择器 jQuery_box1.css("background", "yellow"); jQuery_box1.text("我是id选择器") }) </script> </head> <body> <div id="box"></div> <div class="box"></div> <div class="box"></div> </body> </html>
显示结果如下图:
2. 层级选择器
代码如下:
<!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>jQuery的层级选择器</title> <script src="jquery.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function(){ var jQuery_li = $("ul li"); jQuery_li.css({ "margin": "5px", "background": "pink" }); var jQuery_other_li = $("ul>li"); jQuery_other_li.css("background", "red") }); </script> </head> <body> <ul> <li>111</li> <li>222</li> <li>333</li> <ol> <li>aaa</li> <li>bbb</li> <li>ccc</li> </ol> </ul> </body> </html>
显示的效果, 如下图所示:
3. 基本过滤选择器
代码如下:
<!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, user-scalable=no, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>jQuery的基本过滤选择器</title> <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery.js"></script> <script> $(function () { //奇数 $("li:odd").css("color", "green"); //偶数 $("li:even").css("color", "yellow"); //选中index = 2 的元素 $("li:eq(2)").css("font-size", "30px"); //index > 2 的元素 $("li:gt(2)").css("font-size", "40px"); //index < 2 的元素 $("li:lt(2)").css("font-size", "20px"); }) </script> </head> <body> <ul> <li>This is the first line.</li> <li>This is the second line.</li> <li>This is the third line.</li> <li>This is the fourth line.</li> <li>This is the fifth line.</li> </ul> </body> </html>
显示结果为:
4. 属性选择器
示例代码如下:
<!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>jQuery的属性选择器</title> <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery.js"></script> <script> $(function () { //匹配所有含有id属性的标签名元素 $("li[id]").css("color", "red"); //匹配className = line 的元素 $("li[class=line]").css("font-size", "30px"); //匹配所有不含class的属性, 或者className != line的元素 $("li[class != line]").css("font-size", "40px"); //匹配给定的元素是以某些值开始的元素 $("input[name ^= username]").css("background", "green"); //匹配给定的元素是以某些值结束的元素 $("input[name $= 2]").css("background", "yellow"); // $("button[class *= btn]").css("background", "#ff6700"); }) </script> </head> <body> <div id="box"> <h2 class="title">属性选择器</h2> <ul> <li id="li1">This is the first line.</li> <li id="li2" class="line">This is the second line.</li> <li class="line">This is the third line.</li> <li class="another_line">This is the fourth line.</li> </ul> <form action=""> <input type="text" name="username0" value="0" checked="checker"> <input type="text" name="username1" value="1"> <input type="text" name="username2" value="2"> <input type="text" name="username3" value="3"> <br> <button class="btn-first">按钮1</button> <button class="btn-second">按钮2</button> <button class="btn-third">按钮3</button> <button class="btn-fourth">按钮4</button> </form> </div> </body> </html>
显示的结果如下图所示:
5. 筛选选择器
示例代码如下所示:
<!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>jQuery的筛选选择器</title> <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function () { //获取第n个元素, 数值从0开始 $("span").eq(1).css("color", "red"); //获取第一个元素 :first $("span").first().css("color", "green"); //获取最后一个元素 :last $("span").last().css("color", 'green'); //查找span的父标签 $("span").parent(".p").css({ "width": "200px", "height": "100px", "background": "grey" }) //选择所有的兄弟标签, 不包括自己 $(".list").siblings("li").css("color", "blue"); //查找所有的后代元素 $("div").find("button").css("background", "yellow"); //不写参数, 代表获取所有的子元素 $("ul").children().css({ "background": "green", "margin-top": "10px" }); }) </script> </head> <body> <div id="box"> <p class="p"> <span>第一个span标签</span> <span>第二个span标签</span> <span>第三个span标签</span> </p> <button>按钮</button> </div> <ul> <li class="list">This is the first line.</li> <li>This is the second line.</li> <li>This is the third line.</li> <li>This is the fourth line.</li> </ul> </body> </html>
显示结果如下图所示: