js和jQuery实现的Ajax
1. JS实现Ajax
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport"
content="width=device-width, user-scalable=no, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<button type="submit" id="js_ajax_test">Ajax测试</button>
<script>
var js_ajax_test = document.getElementById("js_ajax_test");
js_ajax_test = function () {
var xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
xmlHttp.open("POST", "/js_ajax_test/", true);
xmlHttp.setRequestHeader("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
xmlHttp.send("username=yang&password=123");
xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = function () {
if (xmlHttp.readyState === 4 && xmlHttp.status ===200){
alert(xmlHttp.responseText)
}
}
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
2. jQuery实现的Ajax
最基本的jQuery发送Ajax请求示例：
<!doctype html>
<html lang="">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport"
content="width=device-width, user-scalable=no, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.js"></script>
<title>ajax test</title>
</head>
<body>
<button id="ajaxTest">AJAX测试</button>
<script>
$("#ajaxTest").click(function () {
$.ajax({
url: "/ajaxTest/",
type: "POST",
data: {username: "yang", password:123},
success: function (data) {
alert(data)
}
})
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
views.py
def ajax_test(request):
return render(request, "ajax_test.html")
def ajaxTest(request):
username = request.POST.get("username")
password = request.POST.get("password")
return HttpResponse("用户名：{} 密码：{}".format(username, password))
urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url from django.contrib import admin from app01 import views urlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'^ajax_test/', views.ajax_test), url(r'^ajaxTest/', views.ajaxTest) ]
3. Ajax中使用JSON
data参数中的键值对，如果值不为字符串，需要将其转换成字符串类型。
如果没有转换为字符串，那么views中的代码就接收不到password的值。
<script>
$("#ajaxTest").click(function () {
$.ajax({
url: "/ajaxTest/",
type: "POST",
data: {username: "yang", password:JSON.stringify([1, 2, 3])},
success: function (data) {
alert(data)
}
})
})
</script>
