WPF ItemsControl ListBox ListView比较

在进行列表信息展示时，WPF中提供多种列表可供选择。这篇博客将对WPF ItemsControl, ListBox, ListView进行比较。

相同点：

1. 这三个控件都是列表型控件，可以进行列表绑定（ItemsSource）；

2. 这三个控件均使用ItemsPresenter来展示列表信息；

不同点：

控件层次关系：

System.Object
　　System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherObject
　　　　System.Windows.DependencyObject
　　　　　　System.Windows.Media.Visual
　　　　　　　　System.Windows.UIElement
　　　　　　　　　　System.Windows.FrameworkElement
　　　　　　　　　　　　System.Windows.Controls.Control
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　System.Windows.Controls.ItemsControl
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　System.Windows.Controls.Primitives.Selector
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　System.Windows.Controls.ListBox

ListBox 继承于ItemsControl，增加了一个Selector对象，ItemsControl中的Item是不支持选择的。而ListBox中Item是支持选择，并且可以单选，多选。

ListView:

ListView继承与ListBox，增加了一个View依赖属性。

ItemsControl是不包含水平和垂直方向的滚动条的。ListBox和ListView有水平和垂直方向滚动条。

ItemControl的样式：

<ResourceDictionary
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
    <Style x:Key="ItemsControlDefaultStyle" TargetType="{x:Type ItemsControl}">
        <Setter Property="Template">
            <Setter.Value>
                <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type ItemsControl}">
                    <Border BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" 

Padding="{TemplateBinding Padding}" SnapsToDevicePixels="true">
                        <ItemsPresenter SnapsToDevicePixels="{TemplateBinding SnapsToDevicePixels}"/>
                    </Border>
                </ControlTemplate>
            </Setter.Value>
        </Setter>
    </Style>
    <!-- Resource dictionary entries should be defined here. -->
</ResourceDictionary>

ListBox和ListView的样式基本一样，除了TargetType外，

<ResourceDictionary
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ListBorder" Color="#828790"/>
    <Style x:Key="ListBoxDefaultStyle" TargetType="{x:Type ListBox}">
        <Setter Property="Background" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.WindowBrushKey}}"/>
        <Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="{StaticResource ListBorder}"/>
        <Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="1"/>
        <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}}"/>
        <Setter Property="ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility" Value="Auto"/>
        <Setter Property="ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility" Value="Auto"/>
        <Setter Property="ScrollViewer.CanContentScroll" Value="true"/>
        <Setter Property="ScrollViewer.PanningMode" Value="Both"/>
        <Setter Property="Stylus.IsFlicksEnabled" Value="False"/>
        <Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment" Value="Center"/>
        <Setter Property="Template">
            <Setter.Value>
                <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type ListBox}">
                    <Border x:Name="Bd" BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" Padding="1" 

SnapsToDevicePixels="true">
                        <ScrollViewer Focusable="false" Padding="{TemplateBinding Padding}">
                            <ItemsPresenter SnapsToDevicePixels="{TemplateBinding SnapsToDevicePixels}"/>
                        </ScrollViewer>
                    </Border>
                    <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                        <Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="false">
                            <Setter Property="Background" TargetName="Bd" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.ControlBrushKey}}"/>
                        </Trigger>
                        <Trigger Property="IsGrouping" Value="true">
                            <Setter Property="ScrollViewer.CanContentScroll" Value="false"/>
                        </Trigger>
                    </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                </ControlTemplate>
            </Setter.Value>
        </Setter>
    </Style>
    <!-- Resource dictionary entries should be defined here. -->
</ResourceDictionary>

在项目中如何选择使用这三个控件；

1. 如果列表信息只做展示，但不提供选择功能，可以使用ItemsControl；

2. ListView比ListBox增加了一个View属性。

示例代码：

ItemsControl vs ListBox (Selector)

    <Grid>
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
        </Grid.RowDefinitions>
        
        <!--ItemsControl-->
        <StackPanel>
            <TextBlock Text="ItemsControl" FontSize="18"/>

            <ItemsControl ItemsSource="{Binding .}">
                <ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
                    <DataTemplate>
                        <Grid>
                            <Ellipse Width="110" Height="55" Fill="#ebebee"/>

                            <StackPanel>
                                <TextBlock Text="{Binding Priority}" FontSize="16" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/>
                                <TextBlock Text="{Binding Name}" FontSize="16" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/>
                            </StackPanel>
                        </Grid>
                    </DataTemplate>
                </ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>

                <ItemsControl.ItemsPanel>
                    <ItemsPanelTemplate>
                        <WrapPanel />
                    </ItemsPanelTemplate>
                </ItemsControl.ItemsPanel>

                <ItemsControl.ItemContainerStyle>
                    <Style>
                        <Setter Property="Control.Margin" Value="5"/>
                    </Style>
                </ItemsControl.ItemContainerStyle>
            </ItemsControl>
        </StackPanel>

        <!--ListBox-->
        <StackPanel Grid.Row="1">
            <TextBlock Text="ListBox" FontSize="18"/>
            <ListBox ItemsSource="{Binding .}">
                <ListBox.ItemTemplate>
                    <DataTemplate>
                        <Grid>
                            <Ellipse Width="110" Height="55" Fill="#ebebee"/>

                            <StackPanel>
                                <TextBlock Text="{Binding Priority}" FontSize="16" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/>
                                <TextBlock Text="{Binding Name}" FontSize="16" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/>
                            </StackPanel>
                        </Grid>
                    </DataTemplate>
                </ListBox.ItemTemplate>

                <ListBox.ItemsPanel>
                    <ItemsPanelTemplate>
                        <StackPanel/>
                    </ItemsPanelTemplate>
                </ListBox.ItemsPanel>

                <ListBox.ItemContainerStyle>
                    <Style>
                        <Setter Property="Control.Width" Value="120"/>
                        <Setter Property="Control.Margin" Value="5"/>
                    </Style>
                </ListBox.ItemContainerStyle>

                <ListBox.Template>
                    <ControlTemplate>
                        <ScrollViewer HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto">
                            <ItemsPresenter/>
                        </ScrollViewer>
                    </ControlTemplate>
                </ListBox.Template>
            </ListBox>
        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>

    public class Task
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }

        public int Priority { get; set; }
    }

    ObservableCollection<Task> _tasks = null;
    public MainWindow()
    {
        InitializeComponent();

        _tasks = new ObservableCollection<Task>()
        {
            new Task() { Name = "Shopping",Priority = 2 },
            new Task() { Name = "Laundry",Priority = 2 },
            new Task() { Name = "Email",Priority = 1 },
            new Task() { Name = "Writting",Priority = 2 },
            new Task() { Name = "Learning",Priority = 2 },
            new Task() { Name = "Working",Priority = 2 },
        };

        DataContext = _tasks;
    }

运行效果：

ListView View属性的使用

<ListView ItemsSource="{Binding .}">
    <ListView.View>
        <GridView>
            <GridView.Columns>
                <GridViewColumn Header="Task Name" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Name}" Width="100"/>
                <GridViewColumn Header="Task Priority" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Priority}" Width="100"/>
            </GridView.Columns>
        </GridView>
    </ListView.View>
</ListView>

运行效果：

感谢您的阅读，代码点击这里下载。

posted @ 2015-08-11 11:59 Yang-Fei 阅读(27929) 评论(7) 编辑收藏举报

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WPF ItemsControl ListBox ListView比较

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