本实验简单介绍数据文件损坏后的恢复。
1.创建测试环境：建测试表空间和测试用户。
SQL> create tablespace tbs_rman datafile '/oradata/orcl/tbs_rman.dbf' size 5M autoextend off;
Tablespace created.
SQL> create user testrman identified by a1234 default tablespace tbs_rman;
User created.
SQL> grant dba to testrman;
Grant succeeded.
SQL> conn testrman/a1234;
Connected.
SQL> create table test1 (id number);
Table created.
SQL> insert into test1 values(1);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into test1 values(2);
1 row created.
SQL> commitl
SP2-0042: unknown command "commitl" - rest of line ignored.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> select * from test1;
ID
----------
1
2
SQL>
2.由于我的库没开归档，重启到mount做个全库备份：
空间不足，先删除之前的备份：
RMAN> delete backup;
备份全库：
RMAN> backup database format '/backup/fulldb/%U';
查看备份:
RMAN> list backup;
3.删除数据文件:
[oracle@yfs orcl]$ ls | grep rman
tbs_rman.dbf
[oracle@yfs orcl]$ rm tbs_rman.dbf
[oracle@yfs orcl]$ ls | grep rman
[oracle@yfs orcl]$
4.查看数据状态，并open之：
SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;
INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------- ------------
orcl MOUNTED
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 241 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 241: '/oradata/orcl/tbs_rman.dbf'
出错喽。
下面该rman出场了。
5. rman先修复，再恢复：
RMAN> restore datafile '/oradata/orcl/tbs_rman.dbf';
Starting restore at 20121217152919
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=18 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_3
channel ORA_DISK_3: SID=17 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00241 to /oradata/orcl/tbs_rman.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /backup/fulldb/2dnt3jv6_1_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/backup/fulldb/2dnt3jv6_1_1 tag=TAG20121217T152315
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 20121217152922
RMAN> recover datafile '/oradata/orcl/tbs_rman.dbf';
Starting recover at 20121217152935
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 20121217152936
6.打开数据库：
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
7 查看数据：
SQL> conn testrman/a1234
Connected.
SQL> select * from test1;
ID
----------
1
2
OK，恢复的不错哦。
8.清理测试环境：
SQL> drop tablespace tbs_rman including contents and datafiles;
Tablespace dropped.
SQL> drop user testrman cascade;
User dropped
--EOF
