Python报错：pkg-config could not find libraries ['avformat', 'avcodec', 'avdevice', 'avutil', 'avfilter', 'swscale', 'swresample']

参考：

https://github.com/PyAV-Org/PyAV/issues/238

https://pyav.org/docs/6.1.2/installation.html#mac-os-x

=====================

报错信息：

C:\Users\liuxue>pip install av
Collecting av
  Using cached av-0.3.3.tar.gz
Installing collected packages: av
  Running setup.py install for av ... error
    Complete output from command d:\python27\python.exe -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='c:\\users\\liuxue\\appdata\\local\\temp\\pip-build-cq6uln\\av\\setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record c:\users\liuxue\appdata\local\temp\pip-8nuwew-record\install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
    creating build\lib.win-amd64-2.7\av
    copying av\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7\av
    copying av\__main__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7\av
    creating build\lib.win-amd64-2.7\av\audio
    copying av\audio\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7\av\audio
    creating build\lib.win-amd64-2.7\av\container
    copying av\container\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7\av\container
    creating build\lib.win-amd64-2.7\av\filter
    copying av\filter\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7\av\filter
    creating build\lib.win-amd64-2.7\av\subtitles
    copying av\subtitles\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7\av\subtitles
    creating build\lib.win-amd64-2.7\av\video
    copying av\video\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7\av\video
    running build_ext
    running reflect
    running config
    looking for avformat_open_input... missing
    looking for pyav_function_should_not_exist... missing
    looking for av_calloc... missing
    looking for av_frame_get_best_effort_timestamp... missing
    looking for avformat_alloc_output_context2... missing
    looking for avformat_close_input... missing
    looking for AVStream.index... missing
    looking for PyAV.struct_should_not_exist... missing
    looking for AVFrame.mb_type... missing

    We didn't find `avformat_open_input` in the libraries.
    We look for it only as a sanity check to make sure the build
    process is working as expected. It is not, so we must abort.

    Please open a ticket at https://github.com/mikeboers/PyAV/issues
    with the folowing information:

    PyAV: 0.3.3
    Python: 2.7.13 (v2.7.13:a06454b1afa1, Dec 17 2016, 20:53:40) [MSC v.1500 64 bit (AMD64)]
    platform: Windows-10-10.0.15063
    extension_extra:
        libraries: ['avformat', 'avcodec', 'avdevice', 'avutil', 'avfilter', 'swscale', 'swresample']
        extra_link_args: ['/OPT:NOREF']
        library_dirs: ['d:\\python27\\libs', 'd:\\python27\\PCbuild\\amd64', 'd:\\python27\\PC\\VS9.0\\amd64']
        include_dirs: ['include', 'd:\\python27\\include', 'd:\\python27\\PC']
    config_macros:
        PYAV_VERSION=0.3.3
        PYAV_VERSION_STR="0.3.3"
        PYAV_COMMIT_STR="unknown-commit"
        inline=__inline
        PYAV_HAVE_LIBSWRESAMPLE=1

    ----------------------------------------
Command "d:\python27\python.exe -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='c:\\users\\liuxue\\appdata\\local\\temp\\pip-build-cq6uln\\av\\setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record c:\users\liuxue\appdata\local\temp\pip-8nuwew-record\install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in c:\users\liuxue\appdata\local\temp\pip-build-cq6uln\av\

解决方法：

# General dependencies
sudo apt-get install -y python-dev pkg-config

# Library components
sudo apt-get install -y \
    libavformat-dev libavcodec-dev libavdevice-dev \
    libavutil-dev libswscale-dev libswresample-dev libavfilter-dev