MariaDB--编译、RPM、二进制安装
MariaDB之编译、RPM、通用二进制安装
]# mount /dev/sr0 /cdrom/
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
安装开发包组
]# yum groupinstall "Development Tools" -y
安装mariadb所需的组件和cmake
]# yum install ncurses-devel openssl-devel libevent-devel jemalloc-devel cmake
配置数据库LVM分区
]# mkdir /mydata
]# fdisk /dev/sda
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (3,4, default 3): 3
First sector (29378560-41943039, default 29378560):
Using default value 29378560
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (29378560-41943039, default 41943039):
Using default value 41943039
Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 6 GiB is set
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-3, default 3): 3
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
更新磁盘分区表
]# partx -a /dev/sda
partx: /dev/sda: error adding partitions 1-3
创建物理卷
]# pvcreate /dev/sda3
Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created
配置PE大小为512KB
]# vgcreate testvg -s 512k /dev/sda3
Volume group "testvg" successfully created
查看PE大小
]# vgdisplay testvg| grep "PE Size"
PE Size 512.00 KiB
配置逻辑卷大小为5G
]# lvcreate -L 5G -n testlv testvg
Logical volume "testlv" created
查看逻辑卷信息
]# lvdisplay | grep -A 15 testlv
LV Path /dev/testvg/testlv
LV Name testlv
VG Name testvg
LV UUID 7SBI68-adPq-gdM1-NL0A-x9RS-HDat-eBSH1A
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2017-05-10 15:08:53 +0800
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 5.00 GiB
Current LE 10240
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:3
格式化逻辑卷文件类型为ext4
]# mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/testvg/testlv
配置为开机自动挂载
]# vim /etc/fstab
/dev/testvg/testlv /mydata ext4 defaults 0 0
mount命令自动挂载并查看是否挂载
]# mount -a
]# mount |grep testlv
/dev/mapper/testvg-testlv on /mydata type ext4 (rw,relatime,seclabel,data=ordered)
新建管理组与管理用户
]# groupadd -r mysql
]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql
]# grep mysql /etc/passwd
mysql:x:992:990::/home/mysql:/sbin/nologin
编译安装
下载软件包
]# wget http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/mariadb//mariadb-5.5.56/source/mariadb-5.5.56.tar.gz
解压软件包进入目录
]# tar xf mariadb-5.5.56.tar.gz
]# cd mariadb-5.5.56/
查看软件包目录结构
]# ls
BUILD config.h.cmake EXCEPTIONS-CLIENT libmysql packaging sql tests
BUILD-CMAKE configure.cmake extra libmysqld plugin sql-bench unittest
client COPYING include libservices randgen sql-common VERSION
cmake dbug INSTALL-SOURCE man README storage vio
CMakeLists.txt debian INSTALL-WIN-SOURCE mysql-test regex strings win
cmd-line-utils Docs KNOWN_BUGS.txt mysys scripts support-files zlib
执行cmake编译
]# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mariadb-5.5.56 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/mydata/data -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_SSL=system -DWITH_ZLIB=system -DWITH_LIBWRAP=0 -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
编译并安装
]# make &&make install
make命令可使用-j选项，选择使用的核心数，以加快编译速度
cmake详解
cmake指定编译选项的方式不同于make，其实现方式对比如下：
./configure cmake .
./configure --help cmake . -LH or ccmake .
cmake编译选项
指定安装文件的安装路径时常用的选项：
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql #指定安装包路径
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/mydata/data #指定数据存储库路径
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc #指定配置文件路径
默认编译的存储引擎包括：csv、myisam、myisammrg和heap。若要安装其它存储引擎，可以使用类似如下编译选项：
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
若要明确指定不编译某存储引擎，可以使用类似如下的选项：
-DWITHOUT__STORAGE_ENGINE=1
例如：
-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITHOUT_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
如若要编译进其它功能，如SSL等，则可使用类似如下选项来实现编译时使用某库或不使用某库：
-DWITH_READLINE=1
-DWITH_SSL=system
-DWITH_ZLIB=system
-DWITH_LIBWRAP=0
其它常用的选项：
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 #指定服务端口
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock #指定服务套接字路径
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 #指定字符编码
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
-DWITH_DEBUG=0 #指定排错级别
-DENABLE_PROFILING=1
如果想清理此前的编译所生成的文件，则需要使用如下命令：
make clean
rm CMakeCache.txt
链接目录至mysql便于查看管理
]# cd /usr/local/
]# ln -sv mariadb-5.5.56/ mysql
‘mysql’ -> ‘mariadb-5.5.56/’
配置程序包属主属组
]# chown -R root.mysql /usr/local/mysql/
新建数据库目录并配置属主属组
# mkdir -pv /mydata/data
mkdir: created directory ‘/mydata/data’
]# chown -R mysql.mysql /mydata/data
拷贝示例配置文件
]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
编辑my.cnf配置文件42行
]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
42 datadir=/mydata/data
配置系统环境变量路径
]# vi /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
# 备注：加入到系统环境变量中
重新载入配置文件
]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
或者source重新载入
]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
安装数据库并查看生成的目录文件
]# mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
]# ls /mydata/data/
aria_log.00000001 aria_log_control mysql mysql-bin.000001 mysql-bin.000002 mysql-bin.index performance_schema test
编辑启动脚本
]# vim /etc/systemd/system/mariadb.service
[Unit]
Description=MariaDB database server
After=syslog.target
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr/local/mysql
TimeoutSec=300
PrivateTmp=false
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
重新装载所有守护进程的unit文件，然后重新生成依赖关系树：
]# systemctl daemon-reload
启动服务并查看状态
]# systemctl start mariadb.service
]# systemctl status mariadb.service
mariadb.service - MariaDB database server
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/mariadb.service; disabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2017-05-10 18:34:20 CST; 13s ago
Main PID: 35617 (mysqld_safe)
CGroup: /system.slice/mariadb.service
├─35617 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr/local/mysql
└─35908 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mydata/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysq...
]# ss -tnl |grep 3306
LISTEN 0 50 *:3306 *:*
安全初始化
]# mysql_secure_installation
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
... Success!
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
... Success!
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
eload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
... Success!
测试登陆
]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 11
Server version: 5.5.56-MariaDB Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]>
RPM安装
挂载镜像，并配置YUM源
]# mount /dev/sr0 /cdr om
]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
[local]
name=local
baseurl=file:///cdrom
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
安装mariadb服务
]# yum install mariadb mariadb-server mariadb-devel -y
启动服务
]# systemctl start mariadb.service
安全初始化
]# mysql_secure_installation
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
... Success!
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
... Success!
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
eload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
... Success!
二进制安装
通用二进制安装与编译安装相同，只是少了编译阶段
]# wget http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/mariadb//mariadb-5.5.56/bintar-linux-x86_64/mariadb-5.5.56-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
新建mysql系统用户
]# useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql
]# id mysql
uid=992(mysql) gid=990(mysql) groups=990(mysql)
解压软件包至/usr/local/目录
]# tar xf mariadb-5.5.46-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
]# cd /usr/local
链接目录便于查看
]# ln -sv mariadb-5.5.46-linux-x86_64/ mysql
‘mysql’ -> ‘mariadb-5.5.46-linux-x86_64/’
设置目录属主属组
]# chown -R root.mysql /usr/local/mysql/
拷贝示例配置文件
]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
编辑my.cnf配置文件
]# vi /etc/mysql/my.cnf
[mysqld]
# [mysqld] 配置里添加这些内容
datadir = /mysqldata
skip_name_resolve = ON
innodb_file_per_table = ON
配置系统环境变量路径
]# vi /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
# 备注：加入到系统环境变量中
]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
安装数据库文件
]# mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
查看生成的目录文件
]# ls /mydata/data
aria_log.00000001 ib_logfile0 localhost.localdomain.pid mysql-bin.000002 performance_schema
aria_log_control ib_logfile1 mysql mysql-bin.000003 test
ibdata1 localhost.localdomain.err mysql-bin.000001 mysql-bin.index
编辑mysql库文件路径
]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
/usr/local/mysql/lib
重新载入库文件
]# ldconfig
查看载入的mysql库文件
]# ldconfig -p | grep mysql
libmysqld.so.18 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqld.so.18
libmysqld.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqld.so
libmysqlclient.so.18 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.18
libmysqlclient.so.18 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18
libmysqlclient.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so
编辑启动脚本
]# vim /etc/systemd/system/mariadb.service
[Unit]
Description=MariaDB database server
After=syslog.target
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr/local/mysql
TimeoutSec=300
PrivateTmp=false
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
重新装载所有守护进程的unit文件，然后重新生成依赖关系树：
]# systemctl daemon-reload 重新读取
启动mariadb
]# systemctl start mariadb.service
]# ss -tnl | grep -e "mysql" -e "3306"
LISTEN 0 50 *:3306 *:*
查看服务状态
]# systemctl status mariadb.service
mariadb.service - MariaDB database server
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/mariadb.service; disabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2017-05-10 20:55:06 CST; 2min 12s ago
Main PID: 4456 (mysqld_safe)
CGroup: /system.slice/mariadb.service
├─4456 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr/local/mysql
└─4766 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mydata/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql...
安全初始化
]# mysql_secure_installation
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
... Success!
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
... Success!
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
eload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
... Success!
测试登陆
]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 8
Server version: 5.5.46-MariaDB-log MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]>
天下古今之庸人，皆以一惰字致败，天下古今之才人，皆以一傲字致败。
posted on 2017-05-10 21:20 architect&* 阅读(309) 评论(0) 收藏 举报
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