版本控制有利于我们根据客户端的版本不同做出不同的处理,比如微信的版本不同
url.py
from django.conf.urls import url, include from web.views import TestView urlpatterns = [ url(r'^(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/test/', TestView.as_view(), name='test'),#允许版本v1和版本v2共存 ]
settings.py
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
'DEFAULT_VERSIONING_CLASS':'rest_framework.versioning.URLPathVersioning'#导入路径
'DEFAULT_VERSION': 'v1', # 默认版本
'ALLOWED_VERSIONS': ['v1', 'v2'], # 允许的版本 '
VERSION_PARAM': 'version' # URL中获取值的key
}
views
from rest_framework.versioning import QueryParameterVersioning,URLPathVersioning class TextView(APIView): def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs): vertion = request.vertion return Httpresponse("成功")
版本传参有两种方式:第一种在url中的?后边传版本,使用QueryParameterVersioning这个类
第二种在url中传版本:使用URLPathVersioning 这个类
序列化
由于queryset不能被json序列化,所以我们要整理下数据,因为通常json后的数据格式是这样的,列表中套字典
[ { "title": "python", "price": 123 }, { "title": "php", "price": 233 }, { "title": "GO", "price": 33 } ]
方式一list强转
注意: json.dumps(data,ensure_ascii=False) 可以解决页面上中文乱码的问题.
# Create your views here. from django.views import View from api_demo.models import * import json #queryset 不能被json序列化 class BookView(View): def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs): booklist=list(Book.objects.all().values("title","price")) return HttpResponse(json.dumps(booklist))
方式二拼凑格式
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse # Create your views here. from django.views import View from api_demo.models import * import json class BookView(View): def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs): booklist=Book.objects.all() temp=[] for book in booklist: temp.append({ "title":book.title, "price":book.price }) return HttpResponse(json.dumps(temp))
方式三:Django的序列化工具serializers
关于Django中的序列化主要应用在将数据库中检索的数据返回给客户端用户,特别的Ajax请求一般返回的为Json格式。
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse from django.core import serializers #导入序列化 from django.views import View from api_demo.models import * class BookView(View): def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs): booklist=Book.objects.all() temp=serializers.serialize("json",booklist) return HttpResponse(temp)
这样得到是所有字段的信息
结果:
![](https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
[
{
"model": "api_demo.book",
"pk": 1,
"fields": {
"title": "python",
"price": 123,
"pub_date": null,
"publish": 1,
"authors": [
1,
]
}
},
{
"model": "api_demo.book",
"pk": 2,
"fields": {
"title": "php",
"price": 233,
"pub_date": null,
"publish": 2,
"authors": [
]
}
},
{
"model": "api_demo.book",
"pk": 3,
"fields": {
"title": "GO",
"price": 33,
"pub_date": null,
"publish": 2,
"authors": [
1,
]
}
}
]
以上三种的缺点: 尽管能把数据json序列化,但是不能json反序列化,这时候就出现了第四种方法
方式4.restframwork专门处理序列化的组件:serializers组件
from rest_framework.response import Response #引入restframework自己的Response from rest_framework.views import APIView #引入 APIView from rest_framework import serializers #用rest_framework自己的serializers from api_demo.models import * class Bookserializers(serializers.Serializer): """ 为book表建立序列化组件 """ title=serializers.CharField(max_length=32) price=serializers.IntegerField() class BookView(APIView):#注意这里使用的是APIView不是View,如果是View不能用restframe的序列化 def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs): booklist=Book.objects.all() temp=Bookserializers(booklist,many=True)#如果传入的是多个值,由于queryset是多个对象的集合,many=True,默认False print(">>>>",temp) print("-------",temp.data) #调用静态方法data,得到的是一种orderDict数据类型的数据 return Response(temp.data) #必须要用rest_framework的Response发送,因为还要对data数据进行处理,发送其中的data就可以
结果:
>>>> Bookserializers(<QuerySet [<Book: python>, <Book: php>, <Book: GO>]>, many=True): title = CharField(max_length=32) price = IntegerField() ------- [OrderedDict([('title', 'python'), ('price', 123)]), OrderedDict([('title', 'php'), ('price', 233)]), OrderedDict([('title', 'GO'), ('price', 33)])]