Dropping tests 二分+01分数规划

In a certain course, you take n tests. If you get a_i out of b_i questions correct on test i, your cumulative average is defined to be

.

Given your test scores and a positive integer k, determine how high you can make your cumulative average if you are allowed to drop any k of your test scores.

Suppose you take 3 tests with scores of 5/5, 0/1, and 2/6. Without dropping any tests, your cumulative average is . However, if you drop the third test, your cumulative average becomes .

Input

The input test file will contain multiple test cases, each containing exactly three lines. The first line contains two integers, 1 ≤ n ≤ 1000 and 0 ≤ k < n. The second line contains n integers indicating a_i for all i. The third line contains n positive integers indicating b_i for all i. It is guaranteed that 0 ≤ a_i ≤ b_i ≤ 1, 000, 000, 000. The end-of-file is marked by a test case with n = k = 0 and should not be processed.

Output

For each test case, write a single line with the highest cumulative average possible after dropping k of the given test scores. The average should be rounded to the nearest integer.

Sample Input

3 1
5 0 2
5 1 6
4 2
1 2 7 9
5 6 7 9
0 0

Sample Output

83
100

Hint

To avoid ambiguities due to rounding errors, the judge tests have been constructed so that all answers are at least 0.001 away from a decision boundary (i.e., you can assume that the average is never 83.4997).

01分数规划是这样的一类问题，有一堆物品，每一个物品有一个收益ai，一个代价bi，我们要求一个方案使选择的最大。

解题思路：

 令r = ∑a[i] * x[i] / (b[i] * x[i])  则必然∑a[i] * x[i] - ∑b[i] * x[i] * r= 0；（条件1）并且任意的 ∑a[i] * x[i] - ∑b[i] * x[i] * max(r) <= 0  (条件2，只有当∑a[i] * x[i] / (b[i] * x[i]) = max(r) 条件2中等号才成立)然后就可以枚举r , 对枚举的r， 求Q(r) = ∑a[i] * x[i] - ∑b[i] * x[i] * r  的最大值，  为什么要求最大值呢？  因为我们之前知道了条件2，所以当我们枚举到r为max(r)的值时，显然对于所有的情况Q(r)都会小于等于0，并且Q(r)的最大值一定是0.而我们求最大值的目的就是寻找Q(r)=0的可能性，这样就满足了条件1，最后就是枚举使得Q(r)恰好等于0时就找到了max(r)。而如果能Q(r)>0 说明该r值是偏小的，并且可能存在Q(r)=0,而Q(r)<0的话，很明显是r值偏大的，因为max(r)都是使Q(r)最大值为0，说明不可能存在Q(r)=0了。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/dragon60066/article/details/60339056

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cmath>
#include<cstdio>
typedef long long ll;
using namespace std;
const ll inf = 1e7;
const int mod = 1000000007;
const int mx = 1e6; //check the limits, dummy
ll gcd(ll a, ll b) { return b ? gcd(b, a % b) : a; }
#define swa(a,b) a^=b^=a^=b
#define re(i,a,b) for(ll i=(a),_=(b);i<_;i++)
#define rb(i,a,b) for(ll i=(b),_=(a);i>=_;i--)
#define clr(a) memset(a, 0, sizeof(a))
#define lowbit(x) ((x)&(x-1))
#define mkp make_pair
int n, t,k;
double a[mx],b[mx],y[mx];
int fuck(double x) {
    re(i, 0, n)y[i] = -b[i]*x + a[i];
    sort(y, y + n, greater<double>());
    double sum = 0;
    re(i, 0, n - k)sum += y[i];
    return sum >= 0;
}
int main()
{
    while (~scanf("%d%d", &n, &k), n + k){
        re(i, 0, n)scanf("%lf", &a[i]);
        re(i, 0, n)scanf("%lf", &b[i]);
        double l = 0, r = inf,mid;
        while (r-l>1e-9)
        {
            mid = l+(r-l)/2;
            if (fuck(mid))l = mid;
            else r = mid;
        }
        //cout<<fixed<<setprecision(2)
        printf("%.0lf\n", mid * 100);
    }
    return 0;
}