gitlab-runner 安装使用
gitlab-runner 安装使用
- gitlab-runner 是一个开源的与 gitlab CI 配合使用的项目,用于运行任务,并将结果返回 gitlab
- 本文通过
docker in docker
的方式,即在具有特权模式的 Docker 中使用 Docker,通过 gitlab-runner 使用 docker 的来构建项目,完成打包,测试,发布等任务。这样 gitlab-runner 只是需要 Dockerfile 即可,可方便日后使用其他 CI/CD 工具。同时本地调试也十分方便 - 文档地址:https://docs.gitlab.com/runner
安装
docker run -d --name gitlab-runner --restart always \
-v /srv/gitlab-runner/config:/etc/gitlab-runner \
-v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \
gitlab/gitlab-runner:latest
注册
- 安装好 gitlab-runner 后,需要进行注册,gitlab 才会出现 runner 列表。注册前需要准备好地址和 token,管理员进入管理中心>概览>Runner可查看 runner 列表、url 和注册令牌
- 如果想要为某群组或者项目设置 runner,可在对应群组或者项目的设置>CI/CD>Runner获取 url 和 token
- 首先进入容器交互模式
docker exec -it gitlab-runner bash
- 输入命令
gitlab-runner register
进行注册,按照提示和文档说明一步步填写即可 - 也可一条命令完成注册
sudo gitlab-runner register \
--non-interactive \
--url "https://gitlab.com/" \
--registration-token "PROJECT_REGISTRATION_TOKEN" \
--executor "docker" \
--docker-image alpine:latest \
--description "docker-runner" \
--tag-list "docker,aws" \
--run-untagged="true" \
--locked="false" \
--access-level="not_protected"
- 注册 runner 参考:https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/register/index.html#docker
- docker 执行者:https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/executors/docker.html
配置
- 在配置文件
/etc/gitlab-runner/config.toml
中添加 privileged 标记,这样可以在容器中使用 docker 的一些功能 - 参考:https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/executors/docker.html#use-docker-in-docker-with-privileged-mode
- 其它命令:https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/commands/README.html
[[runners]]
executor = "docker"
[runners.docker]
privileged = true
- 完整的例子
[[runners]]
name = "docker-runner"
url = "http://192.168.99.100:8900/"
token = "zLBu8yXEFPGKaaasZopn"
executor = "docker"
clone_url = "http://192.168.99.100:8900/"
[runners.custom_build_dir]
[runners.docker]
tls_verify = false
image = "apline:latest"
privileged = true
disable_entrypoint_overwrite = false
oom_kill_disable = false
disable_cache = false
volumes = ["/cache"]
shm_size = 0
环境变量
-
通过设置环境变量,让 runner 执行的时候读取,避免在源码中记录敏感信息
-
在群组或者项目的设置中依次点击设置>CI/CD>变量
-
在
.gitlab-ci.yml
文件中使用方式Shell Usage bash/sh $variable windows batch %variable% PowerShell $env:variable -
参考https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/ci/variables/README.html#via-the-ui
-
Dockerfile 中使用变量参考:https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/builder/#arg
添加 Dockerfile
- 文档参考:https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/builder/
- 项目中添加 Dockerfile,接收 Source、AppKey 两个参数,并将其推送至 nuget 服务器
FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/sdk:2.2-stretch
ARG AppKey
ARG Source
WORKDIR /src
COPY ["A1/A1.csproj", "A1/"]
RUN dotnet restore "A1/A1.csproj"
COPY . .
WORKDIR /src/A1
RUN dotnet pack "A1" -c Release -o /app
WORKDIR /app
RUN dotnet nuget push *.nupkg -k ${AppKey} -s ${Source}
添加 .gitlab-ci.yml
- 项目中添加 CI/CD 配置,在 gitlab 中新建可选择模板,选择 docker 模板
- 文档参考:https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/README.html#validate-the-gitlab-ciyml
# This file is a template, and might need editing before it works on your project.
build-master:
# Official docker image.
image: docker:latest
stage: build
services:
- docker:dind
before_script:
# - docker login -u "$CI_REGISTRY_USER" -p "$CI_REGISTRY_PASSWORD" $CI_REGISTRY
- docker --version
- echo $NugetAppKey
- echo $NugetSource
script:
- docker build --build-arg AppKey=$NugetAppKey --build-arg Source=$NugetSource -t A1:latest .
only:
- master
问题
- 执行 docker build 的时候报错:
time="2019-07-19T01:20:27Z" level=error msg="failed to dial gRPC: cannot connect to the Docker daemon. Is 'docker daemon' running on this host?: dial tcp: lookup docker on 100.100.2.136:53: no such host"
,这个需要配置 runner,让容器跑在privileged
模式,参考 https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/executors/docker.html#use-docker-in-docker-with-privileged-mode - runner 执行的时候需要拉取代码,但是拉取的链接由于种种原因在容器内很难访问,需要另外的设置或者代理才行。但是高级设置有个参数可以设置拉取代码的链接:
clone_url
。文档:https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/configuration/advanced-configuration.html#the-runners-section 示例:
[[runners]]
name = "ruby-2.1-docker"
url = "https://CI/"
token = "TOKEN"
limit = 0
executor = "docker"
builds_dir = ""
shell = ""
environment = ["ENV=value", "LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8"]
clone_url = "http://gitlab.example.local"
总结
- 安装过程也没什么难点,有什么不对的多试几次即可
- gitlab 的文档还是挺齐全的,如果能够把相关的文档先大概浏览一遍,将会有事半功倍的效果,省去不少麻烦
用心做好每一件事,结果会给你最大的惊喜!