netmiko模块
# 临时指定一下国内源 pip3 install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple netmiko # 升级(如果之前已经装了老版本) pip3 install netmiko -U
#!/bin/python # -*- coding:UTF-8 -*- # pip install netmiko from netmiko import ConnectHandler, SSHDetect from netmiko.exceptions import NetMikoAuthenticationException, NetMikoTimeoutException import threading import datetime import queue import re, os import logging logging.basicConfig(filename='test.log', level=logging.DEBUG) logger = logging.getLogger("netmiko") def conn_info(ip): dev = { # 'device_type': 'huawei_serial', # 指定设备类型,串口方式登陆,默认连接COM1,波特率9600 # 'device_type': 'huawei_telnet', # 指定设备类型,该类型适用于huawei设备,telnet方式 'device_type': 'huawei', # 该类型适用于huawei设备,ssh方式 'host': ip, 'port': 1022, # ssh默认使用22,telnet默认使用23 'username': 'admin', # 设备管理员用户 'password': 'TJuOO8Uz', # 管理员用户密码 } return dev def conn_dev(dev_q): while not dev_q.empty(): dev_ip = dev_q.get() try: dev_dict = conn_info(dev_ip) # guesser = SSHDetect(**dev_dict) # best_match = guesser.autodetect() # print('best_match is:{}'.format(best_match)) # print('all guessers is:{}'.format(guesser.potential_matches)) # dev_dict['device_type'] = best_match dev_conn = ConnectHandler(**dev_dict) print("[%s] Connected." % dev_ip) output = dev_conn.send_config_from_file('cmds.txt') print(output) output = dev_conn.save_config() print(output) dev_conn.disconnect() print('[%s] done.\n' % dev_ip) except NetMikoAuthenticationException: print("[%s] Error! Please check username or password ..." % dev_ip) except NetMikoTimeoutException: print("[%s] Error! Connect time out ..." % dev_ip) except Exception as e: print('[%s] Error:%s' % (dev_ip, e)) if __name__ == "__main__": devs_ip = ['192.168.12.34', '192.168.12.35', '192.168.13.19'] # 需进行配置的交换机ip地址列表 devs_q = queue.Queue() for dev in devs_ip: devs_q.put(dev) max_conn = 15 # 同时操作交换机数量(可增加或减少) ts = [] # 线程集合 for i in range(max_conn): t = threading.Thread(target=conn_dev, args=(devs_q,)) t.start() ts.append(t) for t in ts: t.join() print("Done.")
# !/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- # __author__ = from netmiko import ConnectHandler import os, re import warnings import threading import queue from netmiko.exceptions import NetMikoAuthenticationException, NetMikoTimeoutException from typing import Optional, Any, Union, Sequence, Iterator, TextIO from netmiko.no_enable import NoEnable from netmiko.base_connection import DELAY_FACTOR_DEPR_SIMPLE_MSG from netmiko.cisco_base_connection import CiscoBaseConnection from netmiko.exceptions import NetmikoAuthenticationException from netmiko import log """网络设备登录用户名和密码""" dev_username = 'admin' dev_password = '123456' """定义配置执行范围""" Room = 'XXXX' Network = 'XXXX' Domain = 'XXXX' PATH = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)) newpath = os.path.join(PATH, 'logs', Room, Network, Domain) if not os.path.exists(newpath): os.makedirs(newpath) class H3cBase(NoEnable, CiscoBaseConnection): prompt_pattern = r"[\]>]" password_change_prompt = r"(?:Change now|Please choose)" prompt_or_password_change = rf"(?:Change now|Please choose|{prompt_pattern})" def session_preparation(self) -> None: """Prepare the session after the connection has been established.""" self.ansi_escape_codes = True # The _test_channel_read happens in special_login_handler() self.set_base_prompt() self.disable_paging(command="screen-length disable") def strip_ansi_escape_codes(self, string_buffer: str) -> str: """ Huawei does a strange thing where they add a space and then add ESC[1D to move the cursor to the left one. The extra space is problematic. """ code_cursor_left = chr(27) + r"\[\d+D" output = string_buffer pattern = rf" {code_cursor_left}" output = re.sub(pattern, "", output) return super().strip_ansi_escape_codes(output) def config_mode( self, config_command: str = "system-view", pattern: str = "", re_flags: int = 0, ) -> str: return super().config_mode( config_command=config_command, pattern=pattern, re_flags=re_flags ) def exit_config_mode(self, exit_config: str = "return", pattern: str = r">") -> str: """Exit configuration mode.""" return super().exit_config_mode(exit_config=exit_config, pattern=pattern) def check_config_mode( self, check_string: str = "]", pattern: str = "", force_regex: bool = False ) -> bool: """Checks whether in configuration mode. Returns a boolean.""" return super().check_config_mode(check_string=check_string) def set_base_prompt( self, pri_prompt_terminator: str = ">", alt_prompt_terminator: str = "]", delay_factor: float = 1.0, pattern: Optional[str] = None, ) -> str: """ Sets self.base_prompt Used as delimiter for stripping of trailing prompt in output. Should be set to something that is general and applies in multiple contexts. For Huawei this will be the router prompt with < > or [ ] stripped off. This will be set on logging in, but not when entering system-view """ prompt = super().set_base_prompt( pri_prompt_terminator=pri_prompt_terminator, alt_prompt_terminator=alt_prompt_terminator, delay_factor=delay_factor, pattern=pattern, ) # Strip off any leading HRP_. characters for USGv5 HA prompt = re.sub(r"^HRP_.", "", prompt, flags=re.M) # Strip off leading terminator prompt = prompt[1:] prompt = prompt.strip() self.base_prompt = prompt log.debug(f"prompt: {self.base_prompt}") return self.base_prompt def save_config( self, cmd: str = "save", confirm: bool = True, confirm_response: str = "y" ) -> str: """Save Config for H3cSSH Expected behavior: ###################################################################### Warning: The current configuration will be written to the device. The current configuration will be written to the device. Are you sure? [Y/N]:y Please input the file name(*.cfg)[flash:/startup.cfg] (To leave the existing filename unchanged, press the enter key): flash:/startup.cfg exists, overwrite? [Y/N]:y Validating file. Please wait... Saved the current configuration to mainboard device successfully. Note: The configuration file will take effect after being activated ###################################################################### """ # Huawei devices might break if you try to use send_command_timing() so use send_command() # instead. if confirm: pattern = rf"(?:Are you sure|{self.prompt_pattern})" output = self._send_command_str( command_string=cmd, expect_string=pattern, strip_prompt=False, strip_command=False, read_timeout=100.0, ) if confirm_response and "Are you sure" in output: output += self._send_command_str( command_string=confirm_response, expect_string=self.prompt_pattern, strip_prompt=False, strip_command=False, read_timeout=100.0, ) if 'press the enter key' in output: output += self._send_command_str( command_string='\n', expect_string=self.prompt_pattern, strip_prompt=False, strip_command=False, read_timeout=100.0, ) if 'exists, overwrite? [Y/N]:' in output: output += self._send_command_str( command_string='y', expect_string=self.prompt_pattern, strip_prompt=False, strip_command=False, read_timeout=100.0, ) # no confirm. else: # Some devices are slow so match on trailing-prompt if you can # cmd: str = "save force" output = self._send_command_str( command_string=cmd, strip_prompt=False, strip_command=False, read_timeout=100.0, ) return output def cleanup(self, command: str = "quit") -> None: return super().cleanup(command=command) class H3cSSH(H3cBase): """Huawei SSH driver.""" def special_login_handler(self, delay_factor: float = 1.0) -> None: # Huawei prompts for password change before displaying the initial base prompt. # Search for that password change prompt or for base prompt. data = self.read_until_pattern(pattern=self.prompt_or_password_change) if re.search(self.password_change_prompt, data): self.write_channel("N" + self.RETURN) self.read_until_pattern(pattern=self.prompt_pattern) class H3cTelnet(H3cBase): """Huawei Telnet driver.""" def telnet_login( self, pri_prompt_terminator: str = r"", alt_prompt_terminator: str = r"", username_pattern: str = r"(?:user:|username|login|user name)", pwd_pattern: str = r"assword", delay_factor: float = 1.0, max_loops: int = 20, ) -> str: """Telnet login for Huawei Devices""" output = "" return_msg = "" try: # Search for username pattern / send username output = self.read_until_pattern(pattern=username_pattern, re_flags=re.I) return_msg += output self.write_channel(self.username + self.TELNET_RETURN) # Search for password pattern / send password output = self.read_until_pattern(pattern=pwd_pattern, re_flags=re.I) return_msg += output assert self.password is not None self.write_channel(self.password + self.TELNET_RETURN) # Waiting for the prompt or password change message output = self.read_until_pattern(pattern=self.prompt_or_password_change) return_msg += output # If password change prompt, send "N" if re.search(self.password_change_prompt, output): self.write_channel("N" + self.TELNET_RETURN) output = self.read_until_pattern(pattern=self.prompt_pattern) return_msg += output return return_msg elif re.search(self.prompt_pattern, output): return return_msg # Should never be here raise EOFError except EOFError: assert self.remote_conn is not None self.remote_conn.close() msg = f"Login failed: {self.host}" raise NetmikoAuthenticationException(msg) class H3cVrpv8SSH(H3cSSH): def send_config_set( self, config_commands: Union[str, Sequence[str], Iterator[str], TextIO, None] = None, exit_config_mode: bool = False, **kwargs: Any, ) -> str: """Huawei VRPv8 requires you not exit from configuration mode.""" return super().send_config_set( config_commands=config_commands, exit_config_mode=exit_config_mode, **kwargs ) def commit( self, comment: str = "", read_timeout: float = 120.0, delay_factor: Optional[float] = None, ) -> str: """ Commit the candidate configuration. Commit the entered configuration. Raise an error and return the failure if the commit fails. default: command_string = commit comment: command_string = commit comment <comment> delay_factor: Deprecated in Netmiko 4.x. Will be eliminated in Netmiko 5. """ if delay_factor is not None: warnings.warn(DELAY_FACTOR_DEPR_SIMPLE_MSG, DeprecationWarning) error_marker = "Failed to generate committed config" command_string = "commit" if comment: command_string += f' comment "{comment}"' output = self.config_mode() output += self._send_command_str( command_string, strip_prompt=False, strip_command=False, read_timeout=read_timeout, expect_string=r"]", ) output += self.exit_config_mode() if error_marker in output: raise ValueError(f"Commit failed with following errors:\n\n{output}") return output def save_config(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> str: """Not Implemented""" raise NotImplementedError def conn_info(ip): dev = { 'host': ip, 'port': 22, 'username': dev_username, 'password': dev_password, } return dev def conn_dev(dev_q, newpath): while not dev_q.empty(): dev_ip_dict = dev_q.get() dev_ip = dev_ip_dict.get('ip') dev_name = dev_ip_dict.get('devname') try: dev_dict = conn_info(dev_ip) dev_conn = H3cSSH(**dev_dict) print("[%s] Connected." % dev_ip) with open(newpath + '/exec.log', 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f: f.write("[%s] Connected.\n" % dev_ip) output1 = dev_conn.send_config_from_file(PATH + '/cmds.txt') output2 = dev_conn.save_config() dev_conn.disconnect() print('[%s] done.' % dev_ip) with open(newpath + '/exec.log', 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f: f.write('[%s] done.\n' % dev_ip) with open(newpath + '/{}.log'.format(dev_ip), 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f: f.write(output1 + output2) except NetMikoAuthenticationException: print("[%s] [%s] Error! Please check username or password ..." % (dev_name, dev_ip)) with open(newpath + '/exec.log', 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f: f.write("[%s] [%s] Error! Please check username or password ...\n" % (dev_name, dev_ip)) except NetMikoTimeoutException: print("[%s] [%s] Error! Connect time out ..." % (dev_name, dev_ip)) with open(newpath + '/exec.log', 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f: f.write("[%s] [%s] Error! Connect time out ...\n" % (dev_name, dev_ip)) except Exception as e: print('[%s] [%s] Error:%s' % (dev_name, dev_ip, e)) with open(newpath + '/exec.log', 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f: f.write('[%s] [%s] Error:%s\n' % (dev_name, dev_ip, e)) if __name__ == "__main__": devs_ip = [{'devname': 'XXXX', 'ip': 'X.X.X.X'}, {'devname': 'XXXX', 'ip': 'X.X.X.X'}] devs_q = queue.Queue() for dev in devs_ip: if 'XXXX' == Room and 'XXXX' == Network and 'XXXX' == Domain: devs_q.put(dev) with open(newpath + '/vfws.log', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f: f.write('设备数: %s' % devs_q.qsize()) max_conn = 15 # 同时操作交换机数量 ts = [] # 线程集合 for i in range(max_conn): t = threading.Thread(target=conn_dev, args=(devs_q, newpath)) t.start() ts.append(t) for t in ts: t.join()
# netconf服务测试 [root@localhost ~]# ssh admin@192.168.1.1 -p 830 -s netconf
参考链接:
https://github.com/ktbyers/netmiko
https://github.com/openconfig/public/tree/master/release/models # netconf
https://www.cnblogs.com/dxnui119/p/15562592.html # ncclient模块