一、序列化组件之Serializer
from django.http import JsonResponse
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.request import Request
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import serializers
from app01 import models
class AuthorSerializers(serializers.Serializer):
name = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
sex = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
class BookSerializers(serializers.Serializer):
name = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
# source 可以指定字段，可以对字段重命名，不使用则前面的变量名必须和表一样
book_price = serializers.CharField(max_length=32, source='price')
# 跨表查询：查询书本的出版社名
# 方式一
# 使用该方法必须重写Publish表的__str__方法，不然显示的是publish对象
# def __str__(self):
# return self.name
# 显示 "publish": "北京出版社"
publish = serializers.CharField()
# 方式二
# source可以指定字段，那么可以使用基于对象的跨表查询来引用publish.name
publish = serializers.CharField(source='publish.name')
# 方式三
# source不仅可以指定字段，还可以指定方法
# def test(self):
# return self.name
publish = serializers.CharField(source='publish.test')
# 方法四
# SerializerMethodField() 可以指定一个方法
publish = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
# 方法名必须是get_字段名，传入参数obj：当前的book对象
def get_publish(self,obj):
ll={'name':obj.publish.name,'email':obj.publish.email}
return ll
# 方法内部也可以使用序列化组件
authors = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
def get_authors(self,obj):
# 拿到这本书的所有作者
authors = obj.authors.all()
author_ret = AuthorSerializers(authors, many=True)
return author_ret.data
class Books(APIView):
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
books = models.Book.objects.all()
ret = BookSerializers(books, many=True)
return JsonResponse(ret.data, safe=False)
二、序列化组件之ModelSerializer
from django.http import JsonResponse
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.request import Request
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import serializers
from app01 import models
class AuthorSerializers(serializers.Serializer):
name = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
sex = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
class BookSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
# Meta是必须写的
class Meta:
# model:指定表
model = models.Book
# fields:显示的字段
# 全部显示
fields = '__all__'
# 部分显示
# fields = ['name','price']
# exclude:不显示的字段，exclude和fields不能一块使用
# exclude=['publish','authors']
# depth:跨表显示的深度，不写默认为0，一般最好小于3
# 比如depth=1，就显示作者信息和出版社信息；depth=2，作者详情表也显示
# depth=1
# 但是这样字段名就写死了，像出版社和作者就只显示ID
# 可以重写字段
publish = serializers.CharField(source='publish.name')
authors = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
def get_authors(self, obj):
# 拿到这本书的所有作者
authors = obj.authors.all()
author_ret = AuthorSerializers(authors, many=True)
return author_ret.data
class Books(APIView):
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
books = models.Book.objects.all()
ret = BookSerializers(books, many=True)
return JsonResponse(ret.data, safe=False)
