ansible系列(27)--ansible的include任务复用



1. include任务复用

有时,我们发现大量的 Playbook 内容需要重复编写,各 Tasks 之间功能需相互调用才能完成各自功能, Playbook 庞大到维护困难,这时我们需要使用 include

include支持在tasks阶段和handles阶段调用,调用多个include时可以使用loop循环的方式,还可以向includeplaybook中传递变量。

比如:A项目需要用到重启 httpd ,B项目需要用到重启 httpd ,那么我们可以使用 Include 来减少重复编写。

1.1 多个项目调用相同task

  • 编写 restart_httpd.yml 文件:

    #注意这是一个tasks所有没有play的任何信息 
    [root@ansible project1]# cat restart_httpd.yml 
    - name: Restart Httpd Server 
      service: 
        name: httpd 
        state: restarted
    
  • A Projectplaybook 如下:

    [root@ansible project1]# cat a_project.yml 
    - hosts: webserver 
      tasks: 
        - name: A Project command 
          command: echo "A" 
          
        - name: Restart httpd 
          include: restart_httpd.yml
    
  • B Projectplaybook 如下:

    [root@ansible project1]# cat b_project.yml 
    - hosts: webserver 
      tasks: 
        - name: B Project command 
          command: echo "B" 
          
        - name: Restart httpd 
          include: restart_httpd.yml
    
  • playbook运行如下:

    [root@ansible project1]# ansible-playbook a_project.yml
    [root@ansible project1]# ansible-playbook b_project.yml
    

1.2 Inlcude结合tags应用

”include”不仅能够引用任务列表,还能够引用playbook,比如,在一个playbook中引用另一个playbook

示例:通过指定标签 tags ,来说明是安装 tomcat8 还是 tomcat9

1.准备入口 main.yml 文件,然后包含 install_tomcat8.yml 以及install_tomcat9.yml

2.在执行 main.yml 时,需要通过 --tags 指明要安装的版本

3.还可以在主playbook文件中向引用的playbook传递变量。

  • 编写main.yml入口文件:

    #注意:引用playbook时建议使用import_playbook参数:官方提示:[DEPRECATION WARNING]: 'include' for playbook includes. You should use 'import_playbook' instead. This feature will be removed in version 2.12. 
    
    [root@xuzhichao playbook]# cat tomcat_main.yml
    - name: Install Tomcat8
      import_playbook: install_tomcat8.yml
      tags: tomcat8
      vars:
        tomcat_version: 8.5.69
        tomcat_install_path: /usr/local
    
    - name: Install Tomcat9
      import_playbook: install_tomcat9.yml
      tags: tomcat9
      vars:
        tomcat_version: 9.0.50
        tomcat_install_path: /usr/local
    
  • 编写install_tomcat8.yml文件:

    [root@xuzhichao playbook]# cat install_tomcat8.yml 
    ---
    - hosts: localhost
      
      tasks:
        - name: Install JDK
          yum:
            name: java-1.8.0-openjdk
            state: present
      
        - name: Download Tomacat
          get_url:
            url: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v{{ tomcat_version }}/bin/apache-tomcat-{{ tomcat_version }}.tar.gz
            dest: /root
      
        - name: Unarchive Tomcat
          unarchive:
            src: /root/apache-tomcat-{{ tomcat_version }}.tar.gz
            dest: "{{ tomcat_install_path }}"
      
        - name: Create Link File
          file:
            src: "{{ tomcat_install_path }}/apache-tomcat-{{ tomcat_version }}"
            dest: "{{ tomcat_install_path }}/tomcat8"
            state: link
      
        - name: Start Tomcat
          shell: cd "{{ tomcat_install_path }}"/tomcat8/bin && nohup ./startup.sh &
    
  • 编写install_tomcat9.yml文件:

    [root@xuzhichao playbook]# cat install_tomcat9.yml 
    ---
    - hosts: localhost
    
      tasks:
        - name: Install JDK
          yum:
            name: java-1.8.0-openjdk
            state: present
    
        - name: Download Tomacat
          get_url:
            url: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-9/v{{ tomcat_version }}/bin/apache-tomcat-{{ tomcat_version }}.tar.gz
            dest: /root
    
        - name: Unarchive Tomcat
          unarchive:
            src: /root/apache-tomcat-{{ tomcat_version }}.tar.gz
            dest: "{{ tomcat_install_path }}"
    
        - name: Create Link File
          file:
            src: "{{ tomcat_install_path }}/apache-tomcat-{{ tomcat_version }}"
            dest: "{{ tomcat_install_path }}/tomcat9"
            state: link
    
        - name: Start Tomcat
          shell: cd "{{ tomcat_install_path }}"/tomcat9/bin && nohup ./startup.sh &
    
  • 运行playbook文件:

    #安装tomcat9
    [root@xuzhichao playbook]# ansible-playbook -t tomcat9 tomcat_main.yml
    
    #安装tomcat8
    [root@xuzhichao playbook]# ansible-playbook -t tomcat8 tomcat_main.yml
    
posted @ 2021-08-18 17:34  向往自由的独行者  阅读(327)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报