ansible(7)--ansible的file模块

1. file模块

功能：为被控端创建文件或目录，设定权限属性；

主要参数如下：

参数	说明
path	指定远程服务器的路径，也可以写成‘dest’，‘name’
state	状态，可以将值设定为directory表示创建目录，设定为touch表示创建文件，设定为link表示创建软连接，设定为hard表示创建硬连接，设定为absent表示删除目录文件或链接
mode	文件复制到远程并设定权限，默认file=644，directory=755
owner	文件复制到远程并设定属主，默认为root
group	文件复制到远程并设定属组，默认为root
recurese	递归修改

• 示例一：创建文件/root/f1.sh，并设定属主、属组、权限：

  [root@xuzhichao ~]# ansible NginxWebs -m file -a 'path=/root/f1.sh owner=root group=root mode=755 state=touch'
  192.168.20.23 | CHANGED => {
      "ansible_facts": {
          "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
      }, 
      "changed": true, 
      "dest": "/root/f1.sh", 
      "gid": 0, 
      "group": "root", 
      "mode": "0755", 
      "owner": "root", 
      "size": 0, 
      "state": "file", 
      "uid": 0
  }
  192.168.20.22 | CHANGED => {
      "ansible_facts": {
          "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
      }, 
      "changed": true, 
      "dest": "/root/f1.sh", 
      "gid": 0, 
      "group": "root", 
      "mode": "0755", 
      "owner": "root", 
      "size": 0, 
      "state": "file", 
      "uid": 0
  }
  

• 示例二：修改上例中文件的属主属组为xu：

  [root@xuzhichao ~]# ansible NginxWebs -m file -a 'path=/root/f1.sh owner=xu group=xu'
  192.168.20.22 | CHANGED => {
      "ansible_facts": {
          "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
      }, 
      "changed": true, 
      "gid": 1000, 
      "group": "xu", 
      "mode": "0755", 
      "owner": "xu", 
      "path": "/root/f1.sh", 
      "size": 0, 
      "state": "file", 
      "uid": 1000
  }
  192.168.20.23 | CHANGED => {
      "ansible_facts": {
          "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
      }, 
      "changed": true, 
      "gid": 1000, 
      "group": "xu", 
      "mode": "0755", 
      "owner": "xu", 
      "path": "/root/f1.sh", 
      "size": 0, 
      "state": "file", 
      "uid": 1000
  }
  
  [root@nginx03 ~]# ll /root/f1.sh 
  -rwxr-xr-x 1 xu xu 0 Aug  1 22:22 /root/f1.sh
  

• 示例三：创建目录/root/test/，并设定属主、属组、权限

  [root@xuzhichao ~]# ansible NginxWebs -m file -a 'path=/root/test owner=root group=root mode=755 state=directory' 
  192.168.20.23 | CHANGED => {
      "ansible_facts": {
          "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
      }, 
      "changed": true, 
      "gid": 0, 
      "group": "root", 
      "mode": "0755", 
      "owner": "root", 
      "path": "/root/test", 
      "size": 6, 
      "state": "directory", 
      "uid": 0
  }
  192.168.20.22 | CHANGED => {
      "ansible_facts": {
          "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
      }, 
      "changed": true, 
      "gid": 0, 
      "group": "root", 
      "mode": "0755", 
      "owner": "root", 
      "path": "/root/test", 
      "size": 6, 
      "state": "directory", 
      "uid": 0
  }
  
  [root@nginx03 ~]# ll /root/test/ -d
  drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 Aug  1 22:26 /root/test/
  

• 示例四：为/root/f1.sh创建软链接文件/root/f1.sh.link：

  [root@xuzhichao ~]# ansible NginxWebs -m file -a 'src=/root/f1.sh dest=/root/f1.sh.link state=link' 
  192.168.20.23 | CHANGED => {
      "ansible_facts": {
          "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
      }, 
      "changed": true, 
      "dest": "/root/f1.sh.link", 
      "gid": 0, 
      "group": "root", 
      "mode": "0777", 
      "owner": "root", 
      "size": 11, 
      "src": "/root/f1.sh", 
      "state": "link", 
      "uid": 0
  }
  192.168.20.22 | CHANGED => {
      "ansible_facts": {
          "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
      }, 
      "changed": true, 
      "dest": "/root/f1.sh.link", 
      "gid": 0, 
      "group": "root", 
      "mode": "0777", 
      "owner": "root", 
      "size": 11, 
      "src": "/root/f1.sh", 
      "state": "link", 
      "uid": 0
  }
  
  [root@nginx03 ~]# ll /root/f1.sh*
  -rwxr-xr-x 1 xu   xu    0 Aug  1 22:22 /root/f1.sh
  lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 Aug  1 22:28 /root/f1.sh.link -> /root/f1.sh
  

• 示例五：删除以上示例中创建的目录和文件：

  [root@xuzhichao ~]# ansible NginxWebs -m file -a 'path=/root/f1.sh.link state=absent' 
  192.168.20.23 | CHANGED => {
      "ansible_facts": {
          "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
      }, 
      "changed": true, 
      "path": "/root/f1.sh.link", 
      "state": "absent"
  }
  192.168.20.22 | CHANGED => {
      "ansible_facts": {
          "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
      }, 
      "changed": true, 
      "path": "/root/f1.sh.link", 
      "state": "absent"
  }
  [root@xuzhichao ~]# ansible NginxWebs -m file -a 'path=/root/f1.sh state=absent' 
  
  [root@xuzhichao ~]# ansible NginxWebs -m file -a 'path=/root/test state=absent' 
  

• 示例六：也可以删除一级目录（挂载点），会报错，但是可以清楚数据：

  [root@localhost /data] #ansible app -m file -a 'dest=/data/ state=absent'
  192.168.169.130 | FAILED! => {
      "changed": false,      <==报错
  
  [root@localhost /data] #ansible app  -a 'ls -l /data/'
  total 0               <==数据已经清空
  

• 示例七：递归授权目录，类似于-R的作用：

  [root@manger ~]# ansible webservers -m file -a "path=/tmp/foo state=directory owner=root group=root mode=777 recurse=yes"