spring-事务源码解析-todo

参考:

https://www.cnblogs.com/dennyzhangdd/p/9602673.html

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44366439/article/details/89030080

 

 

 

 

spring事务详解(三)源码详解

spring事务详解(一)初探事务

spring事务详解(二)简单样例

spring事务详解(三)源码详解

spring事务详解(四)测试验证

spring事务详解(五)总结提高

一、引子

在Spring中,事务有两种实现方式:

  1. 编程式事务管理: 编程式事务管理使用TransactionTemplate可实现更细粒度的事务控制。
  2. 申明式事务管理: 基于Spring AOP实现。其本质是对方法前后进行拦截,然后在目标方法开始之前创建或者加入一个事务,在执行完目标方法之后根据执行情况提交或者回滚事务。

申明式事务管理不需要入侵代码,通过@Transactional就可以进行事务操作,更快捷而且简单(尤其是配合spring boot自动配置,可以说是精简至极!),且大部分业务都可以满足,推荐使用。

其实不管是编程式事务还是申明式事务,最终调用的底层核心代码是一致的。本章分别从编程式、申明式入手,再进入核心源码贯穿式讲解。

二、事务源码

2.1 编程式事务TransactionTemplate

编程式事务,Spring已经给我们提供好了模板类TransactionTemplate,可以很方便的使用,如下图:

TransactionTemplate全路径名是:org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate。看包名也知道了这是spring对事务的模板类。(spring动不动就是各种Template...),看下类图先:

一看,哟西,实现了TransactionOperations、InitializingBean这2个接口(熟悉spring源码的知道这个InitializingBean又是老套路),我们来看下接口源码如下:

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 1 public interface TransactionOperations {
 2 
 3     /**
 4      * Execute the action specified by the given callback object within a transaction.
 5      * <p>Allows for returning a result object created within the transaction, that is,
 6      * a domain object or a collection of domain objects. A RuntimeException thrown
 7      * by the callback is treated as a fatal exception that enforces a rollback.
 8      * Such an exception gets propagated to the caller of the template.
 9      * @param action the callback object that specifies the transactional action
10      * @return a result object returned by the callback, or {@code null} if none
11      * @throws TransactionException in case of initialization, rollback, or system errors
12      * @throws RuntimeException if thrown by the TransactionCallback
13      */
14     <T> T execute(TransactionCallback<T> action) throws TransactionException;
15 
16 }
17 
18 public interface InitializingBean {
19 
20     /**
21      * Invoked by a BeanFactory after it has set all bean properties supplied
22      * (and satisfied BeanFactoryAware and ApplicationContextAware).
23      * <p>This method allows the bean instance to perform initialization only
24      * possible when all bean properties have been set and to throw an
25      * exception in the event of misconfiguration.
26      * @throws Exception in the event of misconfiguration (such
27      * as failure to set an essential property) or if initialization fails.
28      */
29     void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception;
30 
31 }
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如上图,TransactionOperations这个接口用来执行事务的回调方法,InitializingBean这个是典型的spring bean初始化流程中(飞机票:Spring IOC(四)总结升华篇)的预留接口,专用用来在bean属性加载完毕时执行的方法。

回到正题,TransactionTemplate的2个接口的impl方法做了什么?

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 1     @Override
 2     public void afterPropertiesSet() {
 3         if (this.transactionManager == null) {
 4             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Property 'transactionManager' is required");
 5         }
 6     }
 7 
 8 
 9     @Override
10     public <T> T execute(TransactionCallback<T> action) throws TransactionException {
       // 内部封装好的事务管理器 11 if (this.transactionManager instanceof CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager) { 12 return ((CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager) this.transactionManager).execute(this, action); 13 }// 需要手动获取事务,执行方法,提交事务的管理器 14 else {// 1.获取事务状态 15 TransactionStatus status = this.transactionManager.getTransaction(this); 16 T result; 17 try {// 2.执行业务逻辑 18 result = action.doInTransaction(status); 19 } 20 catch (RuntimeException ex) { 21 // 应用运行时异常 -> 回滚 22 rollbackOnException(status, ex); 23 throw ex; 24 } 25 catch (Error err) { 26 // Error异常 -> 回滚 27 rollbackOnException(status, err); 28 throw err; 29 } 30 catch (Throwable ex) { 31 // 未知异常 -> 回滚 32 rollbackOnException(status, ex); 33 throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(ex, "TransactionCallback threw undeclared checked exception"); 34 }// 3.事务提交 35 this.transactionManager.commit(status); 36 return result; 37 } 38 }
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如上图所示,实际上afterPropertiesSet只是校验了事务管理器不为空,execute()才是核心方法,execute主要步骤:

1.getTransaction()获取事务,源码见3.3.1

2.doInTransaction()执行业务逻辑,这里就是用户自定义的业务代码。如果是没有返回值的,就是doInTransactionWithoutResult()。

3.commit()事务提交:调用AbstractPlatformTransactionManager的commit,rollbackOnException()异常回滚:调用AbstractPlatformTransactionManager的rollback(),事务提交回滚,源码见3.3.3

 

2.2 申明式事务@Transactional

1.AOP相关概念

申明式事务使用的是spring AOP,即面向切面编程。(什么❓你不知道什么是AOP...一句话概括就是:把业务代码中重复代码做成一个切面,提取出来,并定义哪些方法需要执行这个切面。其它的自行百度吧...)AOP核心概念如下:

  • 通知(Advice):定义了切面(各处业务代码中都需要的逻辑提炼成的一个切面)做什么what+when何时使用。例如:前置通知Before、后置通知After、返回通知After-returning、异常通知After-throwing、环绕通知Around.
  • 连接点(Joint point):程序执行过程中能够插入切面的点,一般有多个。比如调用方式时、抛出异常时。
  • 切点(Pointcut):切点定义了连接点,切点包含多个连接点,即where哪里使用通知.通常指定类+方法 或者 正则表达式来匹配 类和方法名称。
  • 切面(Aspect):切面=通知+切点,即when+where+what何时何地做什么。
  • 引入(Introduction):允许我们向现有的类添加新方法或属性。
  • 织入(Weaving):织入是把切面应用到目标对象并创建新的代理对象的过程。

2.申明式事务

申明式事务整体调用过程,可以抽出2条线:

1.使用代理模式,生成代理增强类。

2.根据代理事务管理配置类,配置事务的织入,在业务方法前后进行环绕增强,增加一些事务的相关操作。例如获取事务属性、提交事务、回滚事务。

过程如下图:

申明式事务使用@Transactional这种注解的方式,那么我们就从springboot 容器启动时的自动配置载入(spring boot容器启动详解)开始看。在/META-INF/spring.factories中配置文件中查找,如下图:

 

载入2个关于事务的自动配置类: 

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.TransactionAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.jta.JtaAutoConfiguration,

jta咱们就不看了,看一下TransactionAutoConfiguration这个自动配置类:

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 1 @Configuration
 2 @ConditionalOnClass(PlatformTransactionManager.class)
 3 @AutoConfigureAfter({ JtaAutoConfiguration.class, HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration.class,
 4         DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration.class,
 5         Neo4jDataAutoConfiguration.class })
 6 @EnableConfigurationProperties(TransactionProperties.class)
 7 public class TransactionAutoConfiguration {
 8 
 9     @Bean
10     @ConditionalOnMissingBean
11     public TransactionManagerCustomizers platformTransactionManagerCustomizers(
12             ObjectProvider<List<PlatformTransactionManagerCustomizer<?>>> customizers) {
13         return new TransactionManagerCustomizers(customizers.getIfAvailable());
14     }
15 
16     @Configuration
17     @ConditionalOnSingleCandidate(PlatformTransactionManager.class)
18     public static class TransactionTemplateConfiguration {
19 
20         private final PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager;
21 
22         public TransactionTemplateConfiguration(
23                 PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager) {
24             this.transactionManager = transactionManager;
25         }
26 
27         @Bean
28         @ConditionalOnMissingBean
29         public TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate() {
30             return new TransactionTemplate(this.transactionManager);
31         }
32     }
33 
34     @Configuration
35     @ConditionalOnBean(PlatformTransactionManager.class)
36     @ConditionalOnMissingBean(AbstractTransactionManagementConfiguration.class)
37     public static class EnableTransactionManagementConfiguration {
38 
39         @Configuration
40         @EnableTransactionManagement(proxyTargetClass = false)
41         @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.aop", name = "proxy-target-class", havingValue = "false", matchIfMissing = false)
42         public static class JdkDynamicAutoProxyConfiguration {
43 
44         }
45 
46         @Configuration
47         @EnableTransactionManagement(proxyTargetClass = true)
48         @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.aop", name = "proxy-target-class", havingValue = "true", matchIfMissing = true)
49         public static class CglibAutoProxyConfiguration {
50 
51         }
52 
53     }
54 
55 }
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TransactionAutoConfiguration这个类主要看:

1.2个类注解

@ConditionalOnClass(PlatformTransactionManager.class)即类路径下包含PlatformTransactionManager这个类时这个自动配置生效,这个类是spring事务的核心包,肯定引入了。

@AutoConfigureAfter({ JtaAutoConfiguration.class, HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration.class, DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration.class, Neo4jDataAutoConfiguration.class }),这个配置在括号中的4个配置类后才生效。

2. 2个内部类

TransactionTemplateConfiguration事务模板配置类:

@ConditionalOnSingleCandidate(PlatformTransactionManager.class)当能够唯一确定一个PlatformTransactionManager bean时才生效。

@ConditionalOnMissingBean如果没有定义TransactionTemplate bean生成一个。

EnableTransactionManagementConfiguration开启事务管理器配置类:

@ConditionalOnBean(PlatformTransactionManager.class)当存在PlatformTransactionManager bean时生效。

@ConditionalOnMissingBean(AbstractTransactionManagementConfiguration.class)当没有自定义抽象事务管理器配置类时才生效。(即用户自定义抽象事务管理器配置类会优先,如果没有,就用这个默认事务管理器配置类)

EnableTransactionManagementConfiguration支持2种代理方式:

  • 1.JdkDynamicAutoProxyConfiguration:

@EnableTransactionManagement(proxyTargetClass = false),即proxyTargetClass = false表示是JDK动态代理支持的是:面向接口代理。

@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.aop", name = "proxy-target-class", havingValue = "false", matchIfMissing = false),即spring.aop.proxy-target-class=false时生效,且没有这个配置不生效。

  • 2.CglibAutoProxyConfiguration:

@EnableTransactionManagement(proxyTargetClass = true),即proxyTargetClass = true标识Cglib代理支持的是子类继承代理。
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.aop", name = "proxy-target-class", havingValue = "true", matchIfMissing = true),即spring.aop.proxy-target-class=true时生效,且没有这个配置默认生效。

注意了,默认没有配置,走的Cglib代理。说明@Transactional注解支持直接加在类上。

好吧,看了这么多配置类,终于到了@EnableTransactionManagement这个注解了。

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 1 @Target(ElementType.TYPE)
 2 @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
 3 @Documented
 4 @Import(TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector.class)
 5 public @interface EnableTransactionManagement {
 6 
 7     //proxyTargetClass = false表示是JDK动态代理支持接口代理。true表示是Cglib代理支持子类继承代理。
 8     boolean proxyTargetClass() default false;
 9 
10     //事务通知模式(切面织入方式),默认代理模式(同一个类中方法互相调用拦截器不会生效),可以选择增强型AspectJ
11     AdviceMode mode() default AdviceMode.PROXY;
12 
13     //连接点上有多个通知时,排序,默认最低。值越大优先级越低。
14     int order() default Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE;
15 
16 }
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重点看类注解@Import(TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector.class)

TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector类图如下:

如上图所示,TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector继承自AdviceModeImportSelector实现了ImportSelector接口。

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 1 public class TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector extends AdviceModeImportSelector<EnableTransactionManagement> {
 2 
 3     /**
 4      * {@inheritDoc}
 5      * @return {@link ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration} or
 6      * {@code AspectJTransactionManagementConfiguration} for {@code PROXY} and
 7      * {@code ASPECTJ} values of {@link EnableTransactionManagement#mode()}, respectively
 8      */
 9     @Override
10     protected String[] selectImports(AdviceMode adviceMode) {
11         switch (adviceMode) {
12             case PROXY:
13                 return new String[] {AutoProxyRegistrar.class.getName(), ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration.class.getName()};
14             case ASPECTJ:
15                 return new String[] {TransactionManagementConfigUtils.TRANSACTION_ASPECT_CONFIGURATION_CLASS_NAME};
16             default:
17                 return null;
18         }
19     }
20 
21 }
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如上图,最终会执行selectImports方法导入需要加载的类,我们只看proxy模式下,载入了AutoProxyRegistrar、ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration2个类。

  • AutoProxyRegistrar:给容器中注册一个 InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator 组件;利用后置处理器机制在对象创建以后,包装对象,返回一个代理对象(增强器),代理对象执行方法利用拦截器链进行调用;
  • ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration:就是一个配置类,定义了事务增强器。

AutoProxyRegistrar

先看AutoProxyRegistrar实现了ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar接口,复写registerBeanDefinitions方法,源码如下:

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 1 public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
 2         boolean candidateFound = false;
 3         Set<String> annoTypes = importingClassMetadata.getAnnotationTypes();
 4         for (String annoType : annoTypes) {
 5             AnnotationAttributes candidate = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesFor(importingClassMetadata, annoType);
 6             if (candidate == null) {
 7                 continue;
 8             }
 9             Object mode = candidate.get("mode");
10             Object proxyTargetClass = candidate.get("proxyTargetClass");
11             if (mode != null && proxyTargetClass != null && AdviceMode.class == mode.getClass() &&
12                     Boolean.class == proxyTargetClass.getClass()) {
13                 candidateFound = true;
14                 if (mode == AdviceMode.PROXY) {//代理模式
15                     AopConfigUtils.registerAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(registry);
16                     if ((Boolean) proxyTargetClass) {//如果是CGLOB子类代理模式
17                         AopConfigUtils.forceAutoProxyCreatorToUseClassProxying(registry);
18                         return;
19                     }
20                 }
21             }
22         }
23         if (!candidateFound) {
24             String name = getClass().getSimpleName();
25             logger.warn(String.format("%s was imported but no annotations were found " +
26                     "having both 'mode' and 'proxyTargetClass' attributes of type " +
27                     "AdviceMode and boolean respectively. This means that auto proxy " +
28                     "creator registration and configuration may not have occurred as " +
29                     "intended, and components may not be proxied as expected. Check to " +
30                     "ensure that %s has been @Import'ed on the same class where these " +
31                     "annotations are declared; otherwise remove the import of %s " +
32                     "altogether.", name, name, name));
33         }
34     }
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代理模式:AopConfigUtils.registerAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(registry);

最终调用的是:registerOrEscalateApcAsRequired(InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.class, registry, source);基础构建增强自动代理构造器

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 1 private static BeanDefinition registerOrEscalateApcAsRequired(Class<?> cls, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, Object source) {
 2         Assert.notNull(registry, "BeanDefinitionRegistry must not be null");
       //如果当前注册器包含internalAutoProxyCreator 3 if (registry.containsBeanDefinition(AUTO_PROXY_CREATOR_BEAN_NAME)) {//org.springframework.aop.config.internalAutoProxyCreator内部自动代理构造器 4 BeanDefinition apcDefinition = registry.getBeanDefinition(AUTO_PROXY_CREATOR_BEAN_NAME); 5 if (!cls.getName().equals(apcDefinition.getBeanClassName())) {//如果当前类不是internalAutoProxyCreator 6 int currentPriority = findPriorityForClass(apcDefinition.getBeanClassName()); 7 int requiredPriority = findPriorityForClass(cls); 8 if (currentPriority < requiredPriority) {//如果下标大于已存在的内部自动代理构造器,index越小,优先级越高,InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator index=0,requiredPriority最小,不进入 9 apcDefinition.setBeanClassName(cls.getName()); 10 } 11 } 12 return null;//直接返回 13 }//如果当前注册器不包含internalAutoProxyCreator,则把当前类作为根定义 14 RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition(cls); 15 beanDefinition.setSource(source); 16 beanDefinition.getPropertyValues().add("order", Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE);//优先级最高 17 beanDefinition.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE); 18 registry.registerBeanDefinition(AUTO_PROXY_CREATOR_BEAN_NAME, beanDefinition); 19 return beanDefinition; 20 }
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如上图,APC_PRIORITY_LIST列表如下图:

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 1 /**
 2      * Stores the auto proxy creator classes in escalation order.
 3      */
 4     private static final List<Class<?>> APC_PRIORITY_LIST = new ArrayList<Class<?>>();
 5 
 6     /**
 7      * 优先级上升list
 8      */
 9     static {
10         APC_PRIORITY_LIST.add(InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.class);
11         APC_PRIORITY_LIST.add(AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.class);
12         APC_PRIORITY_LIST.add(AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator.class);
13     }
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如上图,由于InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator这个类在list中第一个index=0,requiredPriority最小,不进入,所以没有重置beanClassName,啥都没做,返回null.

那么增强代理类何时生成呢?

InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator类图如下:

如上图所示,看2个核心方法:InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor接口的postProcessBeforeInstantiation实例化前+BeanPostProcessor接口的postProcessAfterInitialization初始化后。关于spring bean生命周期飞机票:Spring IOC(四)总结升华篇

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 1     @Override
 2     public Object postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) throws BeansException {
 3         Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(beanClass, beanName);
 4 
 5         if (beanName == null || !this.targetSourcedBeans.contains(beanName)) {
 6             if (this.advisedBeans.containsKey(cacheKey)) {//如果已经存在直接返回
 7                 return null;
 8             }//是否基础构件(基础构建不需要代理):Advice、Pointcut、Advisor、AopInfrastructureBean这四类都算基础构建
 9             if (isInfrastructureClass(beanClass) || shouldSkip(beanClass, beanName)) {
10                 this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE);//添加进advisedBeans ConcurrentHashMap<k=Object,v=Boolean>标记是否需要增强实现,这里基础构建bean不需要代理,都置为false,供后面postProcessAfterInitialization实例化后使用。
11                 return null;
12             }
13         }
14 
15         // TargetSource是spring aop预留给我们用户自定义实例化的接口,如果存在TargetSource就不会默认实例化,而是按照用户自定义的方式实例化,咱们没有定义,不进入
18         if (beanName != null) {
19             TargetSource targetSource = getCustomTargetSource(beanClass, beanName);
20             if (targetSource != null) {
21                 this.targetSourcedBeans.add(beanName);
22                 Object[] specificInterceptors = getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(beanClass, beanName, targetSource);
23                 Object proxy = createProxy(beanClass, beanName, specificInterceptors, targetSource);
24                 this.proxyTypes.put(cacheKey, proxy.getClass());
25                 return proxy;
26             }
27         }
28 
29         return null;
30     }
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通过追踪,由于InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator是基础构建类,

advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE)

添加进advisedBeans ConcurrentHashMap<k=Object,v=Boolean>标记是否需要增强实现,这里基础构建bean不需要代理,都置为false,供后面postProcessAfterInitialization实例化后使用。

我们再看postProcessAfterInitialization源码如下:

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 1     @Override
 2     public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
 3         if (bean != null) {
 4             Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(bean.getClass(), beanName);
 5             if (!this.earlyProxyReferences.contains(cacheKey)) {
 6                 return wrapIfNecessary(bean, beanName, cacheKey);
 7             }
 8         }
 9         return bean;
10     }
11 
12     protected Object wrapIfNecessary(Object bean, String beanName, Object cacheKey) {
       // 如果是用户自定义获取实例,不需要增强处理,直接返回 13 if (beanName != null && this.targetSourcedBeans.contains(beanName)) { 14 return bean; 15 }// 查询map缓存,标记过false,不需要增强直接返回 16 if (Boolean.FALSE.equals(this.advisedBeans.get(cacheKey))) { 17 return bean; 18 }// 判断一遍springAOP基础构建类,标记过false,不需要增强直接返回 19 if (isInfrastructureClass(bean.getClass()) || shouldSkip(bean.getClass(), beanName)) { 20 this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE); 21 return bean; 22 } 23 24 // 获取增强List<Advisor> advisors 25 Object[] specificInterceptors = getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(bean.getClass(), beanName, null);
       // 如果存在增强 26 if (specificInterceptors != DO_NOT_PROXY) { 27 this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.TRUE);// 标记增强为TRUE,表示需要增强实现
         // 生成增强代理类 28 Object proxy = createProxy( 29 bean.getClass(), beanName, specificInterceptors, new SingletonTargetSource(bean)); 30 this.proxyTypes.put(cacheKey, proxy.getClass()); 31 return proxy; 32 } 33      // 如果不存在增强,标记false,作为缓存,再次进入提高效率,第16行利用缓存先校验 34 this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE); 35 return bean; 36 }
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下面看核心方法createProxy如下:

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 1     protected Object createProxy(
 2             Class<?> beanClass, String beanName, Object[] specificInterceptors, TargetSource targetSource) {
 3      // 如果是ConfigurableListableBeanFactory接口(咱们DefaultListableBeanFactory就是该接口的实现类)则,暴露目标类
 4         if (this.beanFactory instanceof ConfigurableListableBeanFactory) {
         //给beanFactory->beanDefinition定义一个属性:k=AutoProxyUtils.originalTargetClass,v=需要被代理的bean class 5 AutoProxyUtils.exposeTargetClass((ConfigurableListableBeanFactory) this.beanFactory, beanName, beanClass); 6 } 7 8 ProxyFactory proxyFactory = new ProxyFactory(); 9 proxyFactory.copyFrom(this); 10      //如果不是代理目标类 11 if (!proxyFactory.isProxyTargetClass()) {//如果beanFactory定义了代理目标类(CGLIB) 12 if (shouldProxyTargetClass(beanClass, beanName)) { 13 proxyFactory.setProxyTargetClass(true);//代理工厂设置代理目标类 14 } 15 else {//否则设置代理接口(JDK) 16 evaluateProxyInterfaces(beanClass, proxyFactory); 17 } 18 } 19      //把拦截器包装成增强(通知) 20 Advisor[] advisors = buildAdvisors(beanName, specificInterceptors); 21 proxyFactory.addAdvisors(advisors);//设置进代理工厂 22 proxyFactory.setTargetSource(targetSource); 23 customizeProxyFactory(proxyFactory);//空方法,留给子类拓展用,典型的spring的风格,喜欢处处留后路 24      //用于控制代理工厂是否还允许再次添加通知,默认为false(表示不允许) 25 proxyFactory.setFrozen(this.freezeProxy); 26 if (advisorsPreFiltered()) {//默认false,上面已经前置过滤了匹配的增强Advisor 27 proxyFactory.setPreFiltered(true); 28 } 29 //代理工厂获取代理对象的核心方法 30 return proxyFactory.getProxy(getProxyClassLoader()); 31 }
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最终我们生成的是CGLIB代理类.到此为止我们分析完了代理类的构造过程。

ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration

下面来看ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration:

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 1 @Configuration
 2 public class ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration extends AbstractTransactionManagementConfiguration {
 3 
 4     @Bean(name = TransactionManagementConfigUtils.TRANSACTION_ADVISOR_BEAN_NAME)
 5     @Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE)//定义事务增强器
 6     public BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor transactionAdvisor() {
 7         BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor j = new BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor();
 8         advisor.setTransactionAttributeSource(transactionAttributeSource());
 9         advisor.setAdvice(transactionInterceptor());
10         advisor.setOrder(this.enableTx.<Integer>getNumber("order"));
11         return advisor;
12     }
13 
14     @Bean
15     @Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE)//定义基于注解的事务属性资源
16     public TransactionAttributeSource transactionAttributeSource() {
17         return new AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource();
18     }
19 
20     @Bean
21     @Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE)//定义事务拦截器
22     public TransactionInterceptor transactionInterceptor() {
23         TransactionInterceptor interceptor = new TransactionInterceptor();
24         interceptor.setTransactionAttributeSource(transactionAttributeSource());
25         if (this.txManager != null) {
26             interceptor.setTransactionManager(this.txManager);
27         }
28         return interceptor;
29     }
30 
31 }
复制代码

核心方法:transactionAdvisor()事务织入

定义了一个advisor,设置事务属性、设置事务拦截器TransactionInterceptor、设置顺序。核心就是事务拦截器TransactionInterceptor。

TransactionInterceptor使用通用的spring事务基础架构实现“声明式事务”,继承自TransactionAspectSupport类(该类包含与Spring的底层事务API的集成),实现了MethodInterceptor接口。spring类图如下:

事务拦截器的拦截功能就是依靠实现了MethodInterceptor接口,熟悉spring的同学肯定很熟悉MethodInterceptor了,这个是spring的方法拦截器,主要看invoke方法:

复制代码
 1 @Override
 2     public Object invoke(final MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
 3         // Work out the target class: may be {@code null}.
 4         // The TransactionAttributeSource should be passed the target class
 5         // as well as the method, which may be from an interface.
 6         Class<?> targetClass = (invocation.getThis() != null ? AopUtils.getTargetClass(invocation.getThis()) : null);
 7 
 8         // 调用TransactionAspectSupport的 invokeWithinTransaction方法
 9         return invokeWithinTransaction(invocation.getMethod(), targetClass, new InvocationCallback() {
10             @Override
11             public Object proceedWithInvocation() throws Throwable {
12                 return invocation.proceed();
13             }
14         });
15     }
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如上图TransactionInterceptor复写MethodInterceptor接口的invoke方法,并在invoke方法中调用了父类TransactionAspectSupport的invokeWithinTransaction()方法,源码如下:

复制代码
 1 protected Object invokeWithinTransaction(Method method, Class<?> targetClass, final InvocationCallback invocation)
 2             throws Throwable {  
 3 
 4         // 如果transaction attribute为空,该方法就是非事务(非编程式事务)
 5         final TransactionAttribute txAttr = getTransactionAttributeSource().getTransactionAttribute(method, targetClass);
 6         final PlatformTransactionManager tm = determineTransactionManager(txAttr);
 7         final String joinpointIdentification = methodIdentification(method, targetClass, txAttr);
 8      // 标准声明式事务:如果事务属性为空 或者 非回调偏向的事务管理器
 9         if (txAttr == null || !(tm instanceof CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager)) {
10             // Standard transaction demarcation with getTransaction and commit/rollback calls.
11             TransactionInfo txInfo = createTransactionIfNecessary(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification);
12             Object retVal = null;
13             try {
14                 // 这里就是一个环绕增强,在这个proceed前后可以自己定义增强实现
15                 // 方法执行
16                 retVal = invocation.proceedWithInvocation();
17             }
18             catch (Throwable ex) {
19                 // 根据事务定义的,该异常需要回滚就回滚,否则提交事务
20                 completeTransactionAfterThrowing(txInfo, ex);
21                 throw ex;
22             }
23             finally {//清空当前事务信息,重置为老的
24                 cleanupTransactionInfo(txInfo);
25             }//返回结果之前提交事务
26             commitTransactionAfterReturning(txInfo);
27             return retVal;
28         }
29      // 编程式事务:(回调偏向)
30         else {
31             final ThrowableHolder throwableHolder = new ThrowableHolder();
32 
33             // It's a CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager: pass a TransactionCallback in.
34             try {
35                 Object result = ((CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager) tm).execute(txAttr,
36                         new TransactionCallback<Object>() {
37                             @Override
38                             public Object doInTransaction(TransactionStatus status) {
39                                 TransactionInfo txInfo = prepareTransactionInfo(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification, status);
40                                 try {
41                                     return invocation.proceedWithInvocation();
42                                 }
43                                 catch (Throwable ex) {// 如果该异常需要回滚
44                                     if (txAttr.rollbackOn(ex)) {
45                                         // 如果是运行时异常返回
46                                         if (ex instanceof RuntimeException) {
47                                             throw (RuntimeException) ex;
48                                         }// 如果是其它异常都抛ThrowableHolderException
49                                         else {
50                                             throw new ThrowableHolderException(ex);
51                                         }
52                                     }// 如果不需要回滚
53                                     else {
54                                         // 定义异常,最终就直接提交事务了
55                                         throwableHolder.throwable = ex;
56                                         return null;
57                                     }
58                                 }
59                                 finally {//清空当前事务信息,重置为老的
60                                     cleanupTransactionInfo(txInfo);
61                                 }
62                             }
63                         });
64 
65                 // 上抛异常
66                 if (throwableHolder.throwable != null) {
67                     throw throwableHolder.throwable;
68                 }
69                 return result;
70             }
71             catch (ThrowableHolderException ex) {
72                 throw ex.getCause();
73             }
74             catch (TransactionSystemException ex2) {
75                 if (throwableHolder.throwable != null) {
76                     logger.error("Application exception overridden by commit exception", throwableHolder.throwable);
77                     ex2.initApplicationException(throwableHolder.throwable);
78                 }
79                 throw ex2;
80             }
81             catch (Throwable ex2) {
82                 if (throwableHolder.throwable != null) {
83                     logger.error("Application exception overridden by commit exception", throwableHolder.throwable);
84                 }
85                 throw ex2;
86             }
87         }
88     }
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 如上图,我们主要看第一个分支,申明式事务,核心流程如下:

1.createTransactionIfNecessary():如果有必要,创建事务

2.InvocationCallback的proceedWithInvocation():InvocationCallback是父类的内部回调接口,子类中实现该接口供父类调用,子类TransactionInterceptor中invocation.proceed()。回调方法执行

3.异常回滚completeTransactionAfterThrowing()

1.createTransactionIfNecessary():

复制代码
 1 protected TransactionInfo createTransactionIfNecessary(
 2             PlatformTransactionManager tm, TransactionAttribute txAttr, final String joinpointIdentification) {
 3 
 4         // 如果还没有定义名字,把连接点的ID定义成事务的名称
 5         if (txAttr != null && txAttr.getName() == null) {
 6             txAttr = new DelegatingTransactionAttribute(txAttr) {
 7                 @Override
 8                 public String getName() {
 9                     return joinpointIdentification;
10                 }
11             };
12         }
13 
14         TransactionStatus status = null;
15         if (txAttr != null) {
16             if (tm != null) {
17                 status = tm.getTransaction(txAttr);
18             }
19             else {
20                 if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
21                     logger.debug("Skipping transactional joinpoint [" + joinpointIdentification +
22                             "] because no transaction manager has been configured");
23                 }
24             }
25         }
26         return prepareTransactionInfo(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification, status);
27     }
复制代码

核心就是:

1)getTransaction(),根据事务属性获取事务TransactionStatus,大道归一,都是调用PlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(),源码见3.3.1。
2)prepareTransactionInfo(),构造一个TransactionInfo事务信息对象,绑定当前线程:ThreadLocal<TransactionInfo>。

2.invocation.proceed()回调业务方法:

最终实现类是ReflectiveMethodInvocation,类图如下:

如上图,ReflectiveMethodInvocation类实现了ProxyMethodInvocation接口,但是ProxyMethodInvocation继承了3层接口...ProxyMethodInvocation->MethodInvocation->Invocation->Joinpoint

Joinpoint:连接点接口,定义了执行接口:Object proceed() throws Throwable; 执行当前连接点,并跳到拦截器链上的下一个拦截器。

Invocation:调用接口,继承自Joinpoint,定义了获取参数接口: Object[] getArguments();是一个带参数的、可被拦截器拦截的连接点。

MethodInvocation:方法调用接口,继承自Invocation,定义了获取方法接口:Method getMethod(); 是一个带参数的可被拦截的连接点方法。

ProxyMethodInvocation:代理方法调用接口,继承自MethodInvocation,定义了获取代理对象接口:Object getProxy();是一个由代理类执行的方法调用连接点方法。

ReflectiveMethodInvocation:实现了ProxyMethodInvocation接口,自然就实现了父类接口的的所有接口。获取代理类,获取方法,获取参数,用代理类执行这个方法并且自动跳到下一个连接点。

下面看一下proceed方法源码:

复制代码
 1 @Override
 2     public Object proceed() throws Throwable {
 3         //    启动时索引为-1,唤醒连接点,后续递增
 4         if (this.currentInterceptorIndex == this.interceptorsAndDynamicMethodMatchers.size() - 1) {
 5             return invokeJoinpoint();
 6         }
 7 
 8         Object interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice =
 9                 this.interceptorsAndDynamicMethodMatchers.get(++this.currentInterceptorIndex);
10         if (interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice instanceof InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher) {
11             // 这里进行动态方法匹配校验,静态的方法匹配早已经校验过了(MethodMatcher接口有两种典型:动态/静态校验)
13             InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher dm =
14                     (InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher) interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice;
15             if (dm.methodMatcher.matches(this.method, this.targetClass, this.arguments)) {
16                 return dm.interceptor.invoke(this);
17             }
18             else {
19                 // 动态匹配失败,跳过当前拦截,进入下一个(拦截器链)
21                 return proceed();
22             }
23         }
24         else {
25             // 它是一个拦截器,所以我们只调用它:在构造这个对象之前,切入点将被静态地计算。
27             return ((MethodInterceptor) interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice).invoke(this);
28         }
29     }
复制代码

咱们这里最终调用的是((MethodInterceptor) interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice).invoke(this);就是TransactionInterceptor事务拦截器回调 目标业务方法(addUserBalanceAndUser)。

3.completeTransactionAfterThrowing()

最终调用AbstractPlatformTransactionManager的rollback(),提交事务commitTransactionAfterReturning()最终调用AbstractPlatformTransactionManager的commit(),源码见3.3.3

总结:

可见不管是编程式事务,还是声明式事务,最终源码都是调用事务管理器的PlatformTransactionManager接口的3个方法:

  1. getTransaction
  2. commit
  3. rollback

下一节我们就来看看这个事务管理如何实现这3个方法。

 

三、事务核心源码

咱们看一下核心类图:

如上提所示,PlatformTransactionManager顶级接口定义了最核心的事务管理方法,下面一层是AbstractPlatformTransactionManager抽象类,实现了PlatformTransactionManager接口的方法并定义了一些抽象方法,供子类拓展。最后下面一层是2个经典事务管理器:

1.DataSourceTransactionmanager,即JDBC单数据库事务管理器,基于Connection实现,

2.JtaTransactionManager,即多数据库事务管理器(又叫做分布式事务管理器),其实现了JTA规范,使用XA协议进行两阶段提交。

我们这里只看基于JDBC connection的DataSourceTransactionmanager源码。

PlatformTransactionManager接口:

复制代码
1 public interface PlatformTransactionManager {
2     // 获取事务状态
3     TransactionStatus getTransaction(TransactionDefinition definition) throws TransactionException;
4   // 事务提交
5     void commit(TransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException;
6   // 事务回滚
7     void rollback(TransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException;
8 }
复制代码

1. getTransaction获取事务

AbstractPlatformTransactionManager实现了getTransaction()方法如下:

复制代码
 1     @Override
 2     public final TransactionStatus getTransaction(TransactionDefinition definition) throws TransactionException {
 3         Object transaction = doGetTransaction();
 4 
 5         // Cache debug flag to avoid repeated checks.
 6         boolean debugEnabled = logger.isDebugEnabled();
 7 
 8         if (definition == null) {
 9             // Use defaults if no transaction definition given.
10             definition = new DefaultTransactionDefinition();
11         }
12       // 如果当前已经存在事务
13         if (isExistingTransaction(transaction)) {
14             // 根据不同传播机制不同处理
15             return handleExistingTransaction(definition, transaction, debugEnabled);
16         }
17 
18         // 超时不能小于默认值
19         if (definition.getTimeout() < TransactionDefinition.TIMEOUT_DEFAULT) {
20             throw new InvalidTimeoutException("Invalid transaction timeout", definition.getTimeout());
21         }
22 
23         // 当前不存在事务,传播机制=MANDATORY(支持当前事务,没事务报错),报错
24         if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_MANDATORY) {
25             throw new IllegalTransactionStateException(
26                     "No existing transaction found for transaction marked with propagation 'mandatory'");
27         }// 当前不存在事务,传播机制=REQUIRED/REQUIRED_NEW/NESTED,这三种情况,需要新开启事务,且加上事务同步
28         else if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED ||
29                 definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW ||
30                 definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NESTED) {
31             SuspendedResourcesHolder suspendedResources = suspend(null);
32             if (debugEnabled) {
33                 logger.debug("Creating new transaction with name [" + definition.getName() + "]: " + definition);
34             }
35             try {// 是否需要新开启同步// 开启// 开启
36                 boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER);
37                 DefaultTransactionStatus status = newTransactionStatus(
38                         definition, transaction, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, suspendedResources);
39                 doBegin(transaction, definition);// 开启新事务
40                 prepareSynchronization(status, definition);//预备同步
41                 return status;
42             }
43             catch (RuntimeException ex) {
44                 resume(null, suspendedResources);
45                 throw ex;
46             }
47             catch (Error err) {
48                 resume(null, suspendedResources);
49                 throw err;
50             }
51         }
52         else {
53             // 当前不存在事务当前不存在事务,且传播机制=PROPAGATION_SUPPORTS/PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED/PROPAGATION_NEVER,这三种情况,创建“空”事务:没有实际事务,但可能是同步。警告:定义了隔离级别,但并没有真实的事务初始化,隔离级别被忽略有隔离级别但是并没有定义实际的事务初始化,有隔离级别但是并没有定义实际的事务初始化,
54             if (definition.getIsolationLevel() != TransactionDefinition.ISOLATION_DEFAULT && logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
55                 logger.warn("Custom isolation level specified but no actual transaction initiated; " +
56                         "isolation level will effectively be ignored: " + definition);
57             }
58             boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() == SYNCHRONIZATION_ALWAYS);
59             return prepareTransactionStatus(definition, null, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, null);
60         }
61     }
复制代码

 如上图,源码分成了2条处理线,

1.当前已存在事务:isExistingTransaction()判断是否存在事务,存在事务handleExistingTransaction()根据不同传播机制不同处理

2.当前不存在事务: 不同传播机制不同处理

handleExistingTransaction()源码如下:

复制代码
 1 private TransactionStatus handleExistingTransaction(
 2             TransactionDefinition definition, Object transaction, boolean debugEnabled)
 3             throws TransactionException {
 4      // 1.NERVER(不支持当前事务;如果当前事务存在,抛出异常)报错
 5         if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NEVER) {
 6             throw new IllegalTransactionStateException(
 7                     "Existing transaction found for transaction marked with propagation 'never'");
 8         }
 9       // 2.NOT_SUPPORTED(不支持当前事务,现有同步将被挂起)挂起当前事务
10         if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED) {
11             if (debugEnabled) {
12                 logger.debug("Suspending current transaction");
13             }
14             Object suspendedResources = suspend(transaction);
15             boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() == SYNCHRONIZATION_ALWAYS);
16             return prepareTransactionStatus(
17                     definition, null, false, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, suspendedResources);
18         }
19       // 3.REQUIRES_NEW挂起当前事务,创建新事务
20         if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW) {
21             if (debugEnabled) {
22                 logger.debug("Suspending current transaction, creating new transaction with name [" +
23                         definition.getName() + "]");
24             }// 挂起当前事务
25             SuspendedResourcesHolder suspendedResources = suspend(transaction);
26             try {// 创建新事务
27                 boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER);
28                 DefaultTransactionStatus status = newTransactionStatus(
29                         definition, transaction, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, suspendedResources);
30                 doBegin(transaction, definition);
31                 prepareSynchronization(status, definition);
32                 return status;
33             }
34             catch (RuntimeException beginEx) {
35                 resumeAfterBeginException(transaction, suspendedResources, beginEx);
36                 throw beginEx;
37             }
38             catch (Error beginErr) {
39                 resumeAfterBeginException(transaction, suspendedResources, beginErr);
40                 throw beginErr;
41             }
42         }
43      // 4.NESTED嵌套事务
44         if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NESTED) {
45             if (!isNestedTransactionAllowed()) {
46                 throw new NestedTransactionNotSupportedException(
47                         "Transaction manager does not allow nested transactions by default - " +
48                         "specify 'nestedTransactionAllowed' property with value 'true'");
49             }
50             if (debugEnabled) {
51                 logger.debug("Creating nested transaction with name [" + definition.getName() + "]");
52             }// 是否支持保存点:非JTA事务走这个分支。AbstractPlatformTransactionManager默认是true,JtaTransactionManager复写了该方法false,DataSourceTransactionmanager没有复写,还是true,
53             if (useSavepointForNestedTransaction()) { 
54                 // Usually uses JDBC 3.0 savepoints. Never activates Spring synchronization.
55                 DefaultTransactionStatus status =
56                         prepareTransactionStatus(definition, transaction, false, false, debugEnabled, null);
57                 status.createAndHoldSavepoint();// 创建保存点
58                 return status;
59             }
60             else {
61                 // JTA事务走这个分支,创建新事务
62                 boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER);
63                 DefaultTransactionStatus status = newTransactionStatus(
64                         definition, transaction, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, null);
65                 doBegin(transaction, definition);
66                 prepareSynchronization(status, definition);
67                 return status;
68             }
69         }
70 
71         
72         if (debugEnabled) {
73             logger.debug("Participating in existing transaction");
74         }
75         if (isValidateExistingTransaction()) {
76             if (definition.getIsolationLevel() != TransactionDefinition.ISOLATION_DEFAULT) {
77                 Integer currentIsolationLevel = TransactionSynchronizationManager.getCurrentTransactionIsolationLevel();
78                 if (currentIsolationLevel == null || currentIsolationLevel != definition.getIsolationLevel()) {
79                     Constants isoConstants = DefaultTransactionDefinition.constants;
80                     throw new IllegalTransactionStateException("Participating transaction with definition [" +
81                             definition + "] specifies isolation level which is incompatible with existing transaction: " +
82                             (currentIsolationLevel != null ?
83                                     isoConstants.toCode(currentIsolationLevel, DefaultTransactionDefinition.PREFIX_ISOLATION) :
84                                     "(unknown)"));
85                 }
86             }
87             if (!definition.isReadOnly()) {
88                 if (TransactionSynchronizationManager.isCurrentTransactionReadOnly()) {
89                     throw new IllegalTransactionStateException("Participating transaction with definition [" +
90                             definition + "] is not marked as read-only but existing transaction is");
91                 }
92             }
93         }// 到这里PROPAGATION_SUPPORTS 或 PROPAGATION_REQUIRED或PROPAGATION_MANDATORY,存在事务加入事务即可,prepareTransactionStatus第三个参数就是是否需要新事务。false代表不需要新事物
94         boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER);
95         return prepareTransactionStatus(definition, transaction, false, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, null);
96     }
复制代码

如上图,当前线程已存在事务情况下,新的不同隔离级别处理情况:

1.NERVER:不支持当前事务;如果当前事务存在,抛出异常:"Existing transaction found for transaction marked with propagation 'never'"
2.NOT_SUPPORTED:不支持当前事务,现有同步将被挂起:suspend()
3.REQUIRES_NEW挂起当前事务,创建新事务:

  1)suspend()

  2)doBegin()
4.NESTED嵌套事务

  1)非JTA事务:createAndHoldSavepoint()创建JDBC3.0保存点,不需要同步

  2) JTA事务:开启新事务,doBegin()+prepareSynchronization()需要同步

 这里有几个核心方法:挂起当前事务suspend()、开启新事务doBegin()。

suspend()源码如下:

复制代码
 1 protected final SuspendedResourcesHolder suspend(Object transaction) throws TransactionException {
 2         if (TransactionSynchronizationManager.isSynchronizationActive()) {// 1.当前存在同步,
 3             List<TransactionSynchronization> suspendedSynchronizations = doSuspendSynchronization();
 4             try {
 5                 Object suspendedResources = null;
 6                 if (transaction != null) {// 事务不为空,挂起事务
 7                     suspendedResources = doSuspend(transaction);
 8                 }// 解除绑定当前事务各种属性:名称、只读、隔离级别、是否是真实的事务.
 9                 String name = TransactionSynchronizationManager.getCurrentTransactionName();
10                 TransactionSynchronizationManager.setCurrentTransactionName(null);
11                 boolean readOnly = TransactionSynchronizationManager.isCurrentTransactionReadOnly();
12                 TransactionSynchronizationManager.setCurrentTransactionReadOnly(false);
13                 Integer isolationLevel = TransactionSynchronizationManager.getCurrentTransactionIsolationLevel();
14                 TransactionSynchronizationManager.setCurrentTransactionIsolationLevel(null);
15                 boolean wasActive = TransactionSynchronizationManager.isActualTransactionActive();
16                 TransactionSynchronizationManager.setActualTransactionActive(false);
17                 return new SuspendedResourcesHolder(
18                         suspendedResources, suspendedSynchronizations, name, readOnly, isolationLevel, wasActive);
19             }
20             catch (RuntimeException ex) {
21                 // doSuspend failed - original transaction is still active...
22                 doResumeSynchronization(suspendedSynchronizations);
23                 throw ex;
24             }
25             catch (Error err) {
26                 // doSuspend failed - original transaction is still active...
27                 doResumeSynchronization(suspendedSynchronizations);
28                 throw err;
29             }
30         }// 2.没有同步但,事务不为空,挂起事务
31         else if (transaction != null) {
32             // Transaction active but no synchronization active.
33             Object suspendedResources = doSuspend(transaction);
34             return new SuspendedResourcesHolder(suspendedResources);
35         }// 2.没有同步但,事务为空,什么都不用做
36         else {
37             // Neither transaction nor synchronization active.
38             return null;
39         }
40     }
复制代码

doSuspend(),挂起事务,AbstractPlatformTransactionManager抽象类doSuspend()会报错:不支持挂起,如果具体事务执行器支持就复写doSuspend(),DataSourceTransactionManager实现如下:

1 @Override
2     protected Object doSuspend(Object transaction) {
3         DataSourceTransactionObject txObject = (DataSourceTransactionObject) transaction;
4         txObject.setConnectionHolder(null);
5         return TransactionSynchronizationManager.unbindResource(this.dataSource);
6     }

挂起DataSourceTransactionManager事务的核心操作就是:

1.把当前事务的connectionHolder数据库连接持有者清空。

2.当前线程解绑datasource.其实就是ThreadLocal移除对应变量(TransactionSynchronizationManager类中定义的private static final ThreadLocal<Map<Object, Object>> resources = new NamedThreadLocal<Map<Object, Object>>("Transactional resources");)

TransactionSynchronizationManager事务同步管理器,该类维护了多个线程本地变量ThreadLocal,如下图:

复制代码
 1 public abstract class TransactionSynchronizationManager {
 2 
 3     private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(TransactionSynchronizationManager.class);
 4     // 事务资源:map<k,v> 两种数据对。1.会话工厂和会话k=SqlsessionFactory v=SqlSessionHolder 2.数据源和连接k=DataSource v=ConnectionHolder
 5     private static final ThreadLocal<Map<Object, Object>> resources =
 6             new NamedThreadLocal<Map<Object, Object>>("Transactional resources");
 7     // 事务同步
 8     private static final ThreadLocal<Set<TransactionSynchronization>> synchronizations =
 9             new NamedThreadLocal<Set<TransactionSynchronization>>("Transaction synchronizations");
10   // 当前事务名称
11     private static final ThreadLocal<String> currentTransactionName =
12             new NamedThreadLocal<String>("Current transaction name");
13   // 当前事务的只读属性
14     private static final ThreadLocal<Boolean> currentTransactionReadOnly =
15             new NamedThreadLocal<Boolean>("Current transaction read-only status");
16   // 当前事务的隔离级别
17     private static final ThreadLocal<Integer> currentTransactionIsolationLevel =
18             new NamedThreadLocal<Integer>("Current transaction isolation level");
19   // 是否存在事务
20     private static final ThreadLocal<Boolean> actualTransactionActive =
21             new NamedThreadLocal<Boolean>("Actual transaction active");
22 。。。
23 }
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doBegin()源码如下:

复制代码
 1 @Override
 2     protected void doBegin(Object transaction, TransactionDefinition definition) {
 3         DataSourceTransactionObject txObject = (DataSourceTransactionObject) transaction;
 4         Connection con = null;
 5 
 6         try {// 如果事务还没有connection或者connection在事务同步状态,重置新的connectionHolder
 7             if (!txObject.hasConnectionHolder() ||
 8                     txObject.getConnectionHolder().isSynchronizedWithTransaction()) {
 9                 Connection newCon = this.dataSource.getConnection();
10                 if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
11                     logger.debug("Acquired Connection [" + newCon + "] for JDBC transaction");
12                 }// 重置新的connectionHolder
13                 txObject.setConnectionHolder(new ConnectionHolder(newCon), true);
14             }
15        //设置新的连接为事务同步中
16             txObject.getConnectionHolder().setSynchronizedWithTransaction(true);
17             con = txObject.getConnectionHolder().getConnection();
18          //conn设置事务隔离级别,只读
19             Integer previousIsolationLevel = DataSourceUtils.prepareConnectionForTransaction(con, definition);
20             txObject.setPreviousIsolationLevel(previousIsolationLevel);//DataSourceTransactionObject设置事务隔离级别
21 
22             // 如果是自动提交切换到手动提交
23             // so we don't want to do it unnecessarily (for example if we've explicitly
24             // configured the connection pool to set it already).
25             if (con.getAutoCommit()) {
26                 txObject.setMustRestoreAutoCommit(true);
27                 if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
28                     logger.debug("Switching JDBC Connection [" + con + "] to manual commit");
29                 }
30                 con.setAutoCommit(false);
31             }
32        // 如果只读,执行sql设置事务只读
33             prepareTransactionalConnection(con, definition);
34             txObject.getConnectionHolder().setTransactionActive(true);// 设置connection持有者的事务开启状态
35 
36             int timeout = determineTimeout(definition);
37             if (timeout != TransactionDefinition.TIMEOUT_DEFAULT) {
38                 txObject.getConnectionHolder().setTimeoutInSeconds(timeout);// 设置超时秒数
39             }
40 
41             // 绑定connection持有者到当前线程
42             if (txObject.isNewConnectionHolder()) {
43                 TransactionSynchronizationManager.bindResource(getDataSource(), txObject.getConnectionHolder());
44             }
45         }
46 
47         catch (Throwable ex) {
48             if (txObject.isNewConnectionHolder()) {
49                 DataSourceUtils.releaseConnection(con, this.dataSource);
50                 txObject.setConnectionHolder(null, false);
51             }
52             throw new CannotCreateTransactionException("Could not open JDBC Connection for transaction", ex);
53         }
54     }
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如上图,开启新事务的准备工作doBegin()的核心操作就是:

1.DataSourceTransactionObject“数据源事务对象”,设置ConnectionHolder,再给ConnectionHolder设置各种属性:自动提交、超时、事务开启、隔离级别。

2.给当前线程绑定一个线程本地变量,key=DataSource数据源  v=ConnectionHolder数据库连接。

 

2. commit提交事务

一、讲解源码之前先看一下资源管理类:

SqlSessionSynchronization是SqlSessionUtils的一个内部类,继承自TransactionSynchronizationAdapter抽象类,实现了事务同步接口TransactionSynchronization。

类图如下:

TransactionSynchronization接口定义了事务操作时的对应资源的(JDBC事务那么就是SqlSessionSynchronization)管理方法:

复制代码
 1     // 挂起事务   
2   void suspend(); 3 // 唤醒事务    4   void resume(); 5 6 void flush(); 7 8 // 提交事务前 9 void beforeCommit(boolean readOnly); 10 11 // 提交事务完成前 12 void beforeCompletion(); 13 14 // 提交事务后 15 void afterCommit(); 16 17 // 提交事务完成后 18 void afterCompletion(int status);
复制代码

后续很多都是使用这些接口管理事务。

二、 commit提交事务

 

AbstractPlatformTransactionManager的commit源码如下:

复制代码
 1 @Override
 2     public final void commit(TransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException {
 3         if (status.isCompleted()) {// 如果事务已完结,报错无法再次提交
 4             throw new IllegalTransactionStateException(
 5                     "Transaction is already completed - do not call commit or rollback more than once per transaction");
 6         }
 7 
 8         DefaultTransactionStatus defStatus = (DefaultTransactionStatus) status;
 9         if (defStatus.isLocalRollbackOnly()) {// 如果事务明确标记为回滚,
10             if (defStatus.isDebug()) {
11                 logger.debug("Transactional code has requested rollback");
12             }
13             processRollback(defStatus);//执行回滚
14             return;
15         }//如果不需要全局回滚时提交 且 全局回滚
16         if (!shouldCommitOnGlobalRollbackOnly() && defStatus.isGlobalRollbackOnly()) {
17             if (defStatus.isDebug()) {
18                 logger.debug("Global transaction is marked as rollback-only but transactional code requested commit");
19             }//执行回滚
20             processRollback(defStatus);
21             // 仅在最外层事务边界(新事务)或显式地请求时抛出“未期望的回滚异常”
23             if (status.isNewTransaction() || isFailEarlyOnGlobalRollbackOnly()) {
24                 throw new UnexpectedRollbackException(
25                         "Transaction rolled back because it has been marked as rollback-only");
26             }
27             return;
28         }
29      // 执行提交事务
30         processCommit(defStatus);
31     }
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如上图,各种判断:

  • 1.如果事务明确标记为本地回滚,-》执行回滚
  • 2.如果不需要全局回滚时提交 且 全局回滚-》执行回滚
  • 3.提交事务,核心方法processCommit()

processCommit如下:

复制代码
 1 private void processCommit(DefaultTransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException {
 2         try {
 3             boolean beforeCompletionInvoked = false;
 4             try {//3个前置操作
 5                 prepareForCommit(status);
 6                 triggerBeforeCommit(status);
 7                 triggerBeforeCompletion(status);
 8                 beforeCompletionInvoked = true;//3个前置操作已调用
 9                 boolean globalRollbackOnly = false;//新事务 或 全局回滚失败
10                 if (status.isNewTransaction() || isFailEarlyOnGlobalRollbackOnly()) {
11                     globalRollbackOnly = status.isGlobalRollbackOnly();
12                 }//1.有保存点,即嵌套事务
13                 if (status.hasSavepoint()) {
14                     if (status.isDebug()) {
15                         logger.debug("Releasing transaction savepoint");
16                     }//释放保存点
17                     status.releaseHeldSavepoint();
18                 }//2.新事务
19                 else if (status.isNewTransaction()) {
20                     if (status.isDebug()) {
21                         logger.debug("Initiating transaction commit");
22                     }//调用事务处理器提交事务
23                     doCommit(status);
24                 }
25                 // 3.非新事务,且全局回滚失败,但是提交时没有得到异常,抛出异常
27                 if (globalRollbackOnly) {
28                     throw new UnexpectedRollbackException(
29                             "Transaction silently rolled back because it has been marked as rollback-only");
30                 }
31             }
32             catch (UnexpectedRollbackException ex) {
33                 // 触发完成后事务同步,状态为回滚
34                 triggerAfterCompletion(status, TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_ROLLED_BACK);
35                 throw ex;
36             }// 事务异常
37             catch (TransactionException ex) {
38                 // 提交失败回滚
39                 if (isRollbackOnCommitFailure()) {
40                     doRollbackOnCommitException(status, ex);
41                 }// 触发完成后回调,事务同步状态为未知
42                 else {
43                     triggerAfterCompletion(status, TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_UNKNOWN);
44                 }
45                 throw ex;
46             }// 运行时异常
47             catch (RuntimeException ex) {
            // 如果3个前置步骤未完成,调用前置的最后一步操作 48 if (!beforeCompletionInvoked) { 49 triggerBeforeCompletion(status); 50 }// 提交异常回滚 51 doRollbackOnCommitException(status, ex); 52 throw ex; 53 }// 其它异常 54 catch (Error err) {  
            // 如果3个前置步骤未完成,调用前置的最后一步操作 55 if (!beforeCompletionInvoked) { 56 triggerBeforeCompletion(status); 57 }// 提交异常回滚 58 doRollbackOnCommitException(status, err); 59 throw err; 60 } 61 62 // Trigger afterCommit callbacks, with an exception thrown there 63 // propagated to callers but the transaction still considered as committed. 64 try { 65 triggerAfterCommit(status); 66 } 67 finally { 68 triggerAfterCompletion(status, TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_COMMITTED); 69 } 70 71 } 72 finally { 73 cleanupAfterCompletion(status); 74 } 75 }
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如上图,commit事务时,有6个核心操作,分别是3个前置操作,3个后置操作,如下:

1.prepareForCommit(status);源码是空的,没有拓展目前。

2.triggerBeforeCommit(status); 提交前触发操作

复制代码
1 protected final void triggerBeforeCommit(DefaultTransactionStatus status) {
2         if (status.isNewSynchronization()) {
3             if (status.isDebug()) {
4                 logger.trace("Triggering beforeCommit synchronization");
5             }
6             TransactionSynchronizationUtils.triggerBeforeCommit(status.isReadOnly());
7         }
8     }
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triggerBeforeCommit源码如下:

1 public static void triggerBeforeCommit(boolean readOnly) {
2         for (TransactionSynchronization synchronization : TransactionSynchronizationManager.getSynchronizations()) {
3             synchronization.beforeCommit(readOnly);
4         }
5     }

 如上图,TransactionSynchronizationManager类定义了多个ThreadLocal(线程本地变量),其中一个用以保存当前线程的事务同步:

private static final ThreadLocal<Set<TransactionSynchronization>> synchronizations = new NamedThreadLocal<Set<TransactionSynchronization>>("Transaction synchronizations");

遍历事务同步器,把每个事务同步器都执行“提交前”操作,比如咱们用的jdbc事务,那么最终就是SqlSessionUtils.beforeCommit()->this.holder.getSqlSession().commit();提交会话。(源码由于是spring管理实务,最终不会执行事务提交,例如是DefaultSqlSession:执行清除缓存、重置状态操作)

3.triggerBeforeCompletion(status);完成前触发操作,如果是jdbc事务,那么最终就是,

SqlSessionUtils.beforeCompletion->

TransactionSynchronizationManager.unbindResource(sessionFactory); 解绑当前线程的会话工厂

this.holder.getSqlSession().close();关闭会话。(源码由于是spring管理实务,最终不会执行事务close操作,例如是DefaultSqlSession,也会执行各种清除收尾操作)

4.triggerAfterCommit(status);提交事务后触发操作。TransactionSynchronizationUtils.triggerAfterCommit();->TransactionSynchronizationUtils.invokeAfterCommit,如下:

复制代码
1 public static void invokeAfterCommit(List<TransactionSynchronization> synchronizations) {
2         if (synchronizations != null) {
3             for (TransactionSynchronization synchronization : synchronizations) {
4                 synchronization.afterCommit();
5             }
6         }
7     }
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好吧,一顿找,最后在TransactionSynchronizationAdapter中复写过,并且是空的....SqlSessionSynchronization继承了TransactionSynchronizationAdapter但是没有复写这个方法。

5. triggerAfterCompletion(status, TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_COMMITTED);

TransactionSynchronizationUtils.TransactionSynchronizationUtils.invokeAfterCompletion,如下:

复制代码
 1 public static void invokeAfterCompletion(List<TransactionSynchronization> synchronizations, int completionStatus) {
 2         if (synchronizations != null) {
 3             for (TransactionSynchronization synchronization : synchronizations) {
 4                 try {
 5                     synchronization.afterCompletion(completionStatus);
 6                 }
 7                 catch (Throwable tsex) {
 8                     logger.error("TransactionSynchronization.afterCompletion threw exception", tsex);
 9                 }
10             }
11         }
12     }
复制代码

afterCompletion:对于JDBC事务来说,最终:

1)如果会话任然活着,关闭会话,

2)重置各种属性:SQL会话同步器(SqlSessionSynchronization)的SQL会话持有者(SqlSessionHolder)的referenceCount引用计数、synchronizedWithTransaction同步事务、rollbackOnly只回滚、deadline超时时间点。

6.cleanupAfterCompletion(status);

1)设置事务状态为已完成。

2)  如果是新的事务同步,解绑当前线程绑定的数据库资源,重置数据库连接

3)如果存在挂起的事务(嵌套事务),唤醒挂起的老事务的各种资源:数据库资源、同步器。

复制代码
 1     private void cleanupAfterCompletion(DefaultTransactionStatus status) {
 2         status.setCompleted();//设置事务状态完成
       //如果是新的同步,清空当前线程绑定的除了资源外的全部线程本地变量:包括事务同步器、事务名称、只读属性、隔离级别、真实的事务激活状态 3 if (status.isNewSynchronization()) { 4 TransactionSynchronizationManager.clear(); 5 }//如果是新的事务同步 6 if (status.isNewTransaction()) { 7 doCleanupAfterCompletion(status.getTransaction()); 8 }//如果存在挂起的资源 9 if (status.getSuspendedResources() != null) { 10 if (status.isDebug()) { 11 logger.debug("Resuming suspended transaction after completion of inner transaction"); 12 }//唤醒挂起的事务和资源(重新绑定之前挂起的数据库资源,唤醒同步器,注册同步器到TransactionSynchronizationManager) 13 resume(status.getTransaction(), (SuspendedResourcesHolder) status.getSuspendedResources()); 14 } 15 }
复制代码

对于DataSourceTransactionManager,doCleanupAfterCompletion源码如下:

复制代码
 1     protected void doCleanupAfterCompletion(Object transaction) {
 2         DataSourceTransactionObject txObject = (DataSourceTransactionObject) transaction;
 3 
 4         // 如果是最新的连接持有者,解绑当前线程绑定的<数据库资源,ConnectionHolder>
 5         if (txObject.isNewConnectionHolder()) {
 6             TransactionSynchronizationManager.unbindResource(this.dataSource);
 7         }
 8 
 9         // 重置数据库连接(隔离级别、只读)
10         Connection con = txObject.getConnectionHolder().getConnection();
11         try {
12             if (txObject.isMustRestoreAutoCommit()) {
13                 con.setAutoCommit(true);
14             }
15             DataSourceUtils.resetConnectionAfterTransaction(con, txObject.getPreviousIsolationLevel());
16         }
17         catch (Throwable ex) {
18             logger.debug("Could not reset JDBC Connection after transaction", ex);
19         }
20 
21         if (txObject.isNewConnectionHolder()) {
22             if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
23                 logger.debug("Releasing JDBC Connection [" + con + "] after transaction");
24             }// 资源引用计数-1,关闭数据库连接
25             DataSourceUtils.releaseConnection(con, this.dataSource);
26         }
27         // 重置连接持有者的全部属性
28         txObject.getConnectionHolder().clear();
29     }
复制代码

 

3. rollback回滚事务

 AbstractPlatformTransactionManager中rollback源码如下:

复制代码
1     public final void rollback(TransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException {
2         if (status.isCompleted()) {
3             throw new IllegalTransactionStateException(
4                     "Transaction is already completed - do not call commit or rollback more than once per transaction");
5         }
6 
7         DefaultTransactionStatus defStatus = (DefaultTransactionStatus) status;
8         processRollback(defStatus);
9     }
复制代码

 processRollback源码如下:

复制代码
 1     private void processRollback(DefaultTransactionStatus status) {
 2         try {
 3             try {// 解绑当前线程绑定的会话工厂,并关闭会话
 4                 triggerBeforeCompletion(status);
 5                 if (status.hasSavepoint()) {// 1.如果有保存点,即嵌套式事务
 6                     if (status.isDebug()) {
 7                         logger.debug("Rolling back transaction to savepoint");
 8                     }//回滚到保存点
 9                     status.rollbackToHeldSavepoint();
10                 }//2.如果就是一个简单事务
11                 else if (status.isNewTransaction()) {
12                     if (status.isDebug()) {
13                         logger.debug("Initiating transaction rollback");
14                     }//回滚核心方法
15                     doRollback(status);
16                 }//3.当前存在事务且没有保存点,即加入当前事务的
17                 else if (status.hasTransaction()) {//如果已经标记为回滚 或 当加入事务失败时全局回滚(默认true)
18                     if (status.isLocalRollbackOnly() || isGlobalRollbackOnParticipationFailure()) {
19                         if (status.isDebug()) {//debug时会打印:加入事务失败-标记已存在事务为回滚
20                             logger.debug("Participating transaction failed - marking existing transaction as rollback-only");
21                         }//设置当前connectionHolder:当加入一个已存在事务时回滚
22                         doSetRollbackOnly(status);
23                     }
24                     else {
25                         if (status.isDebug()) {
26                             logger.debug("Participating transaction failed - letting transaction originator decide on rollback");
27                         }
28                     }
29                 }
30                 else {
31                     logger.debug("Should roll back transaction but cannot - no transaction available");
32                 }
33             }
34             catch (RuntimeException ex) {//关闭会话,重置SqlSessionHolder属性
35                 triggerAfterCompletion(status, TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_UNKNOWN);
36                 throw ex;
37             }
38             catch (Error err) {
39                 triggerAfterCompletion(status, TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_UNKNOWN);
40                 throw err;
41             }
42             triggerAfterCompletion(status, TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_ROLLED_BACK);
43         }
44         finally {、、解绑当前线程
45             cleanupAfterCompletion(status);
46         }
47     }
复制代码

如上图,有几个公共方法和提交事务时一致,就不再重复。

这里主要看doRollback,DataSourceTransactionManager的doRollback()源码如下:

复制代码
 1 protected void doRollback(DefaultTransactionStatus status) {
 2         DataSourceTransactionObject txObject = (DataSourceTransactionObject) status.getTransaction();
 3         Connection con = txObject.getConnectionHolder().getConnection();
 4         if (status.isDebug()) {
 5             logger.debug("Rolling back JDBC transaction on Connection [" + con + "]");
 6         }
 7         try {
 8             con.rollback();
 9         }
10         catch (SQLException ex) {
11             throw new TransactionSystemException("Could not roll back JDBC transaction", ex);
12         }
13     }
复制代码

好吧,一点不复杂,就是Connection的rollback.

 四、时序图

特地整理了时序图(简单的新事务,没有画出保存点等情况)如下:

 

===========参考========

《Spring实战4》第四章 面向切面的Spring  

SpringBoot事务注解@Transactional

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Spring事务实现原理及源码分析

 

流程介绍

主流程介绍

众所周知,Spring事务采用AOP的方式实现,我们从TransactionAspectSupport这个类开始f分析。

  1. 获取事务的属性(@Transactional注解中的配置)
  2. 加载配置中的TransactionManager.
  3. 获取收集事务信息TransactionInfo
  4. 执行目标方法
  5. 出现异常,尝试处理。
  6. 清理事务相关信息
  7. 提交事务
//1. 获取@Transactional注解的相关参数
TransactionAttributeSource tas = getTransactionAttributeSource();
// 2. 获取事务管理器
	final TransactionAttribute txAttr = (tas != null ? tas.getTransactionAttribute(method, targetClass) : null);
	final PlatformTransactionManager tm = determineTransactionManager(txAttr);
	final String joinpointIdentification = methodIdentification(method, targetClass, txAttr);

	if (txAttr == null || !(tm instanceof CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager)) {
		// Standard transaction demarcation with getTransaction and commit/rollback calls.
		// 3. 获取TransactionInfo,包含了tm和TransactionStatus
		TransactionInfo txInfo = createTransactionIfNecessary(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification);
		Object retVal = null;
		try {
			// This is an around advice: Invoke the next interceptor in the chain.
			// This will normally result in a target object being invoked.
			// 4.执行目标方法
			retVal = invocation.proceedWithInvocation();
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
		   //5.回滚
			// target invocation exception
			completeTransactionAfterThrowing(txInfo, ex);
			throw ex;
		}
		finally {
		  // 6. 清理当前线程的事务相关信息
			cleanupTransactionInfo(txInfo);
		}
		// 提交事务
		commitTransactionAfterReturning(txInfo);
		return retVal;
	}

doBegin做了什么

在执行createTransactionIfNecessary获取事务状态时,就准备好了开启事务的所有内容,主要是执行了JDBC的con.setAutoCommit(false)方法。同时处理了很多和数据库连接相关的ThreadLocal变量。

关键对象介绍

PlatformTransactionManager

TransactionManager是做什么的?它保存着当前的数据源连接,对外提供对该数据源的事务提交回滚操作接口,同时实现了事务相关操作的方法。一个数据源DataSource需要一个事务管理器。

属性:DataSource

内部核心方法:
public commit 提交事务
public rollback 回滚事务
public getTransaction 获得当前事务状态

protected doSuspend 挂起事务

protected doBegin 开始事务,主要是执行了JDBC的con.setAutoCommit(false)方法。同时处理了很多和数据库连接相关的ThreadLocal变量。

protected doCommit 提交事务
protected doRollback 回滚事务
protected doGetTransaction() 获取事务信息
final getTransaction 获取事务状态

获取对应的TransactionManager

@Nullable
	protected PlatformTransactionManager determineTransactionManager(@Nullable TransactionAttribute txAttr) {
		// Do not attempt to lookup tx manager if no tx attributes are set
		if (txAttr == null || this.beanFactory == null) {
			return getTransactionManager();
		}

		String qualifier = txAttr.getQualifier();
		//如果指定了Bean则取指定的PlatformTransactionManager类型的Bean
		if (StringUtils.hasText(qualifier)) {
			return determineQualifiedTransactionManager(this.beanFactory, qualifier);
		}
		//如果指定了Bean的名称,则根据bean名称获取对应的bean
		else if (StringUtils.hasText(this.transactionManagerBeanName)) {
			return determineQualifiedTransactionManager(this.beanFactory, this.transactionManagerBeanName);
		}
		else {
		// 默认取一个PlatformTransactionManager类型的Bean
			PlatformTransactionManager defaultTransactionManager = getTransactionManager();
			if (defaultTransactionManager == null) {
				defaultTransactionManager = this.transactionManagerCache.get(DEFAULT_TRANSACTION_MANAGER_KEY);
				if (defaultTransactionManager == null) {
					defaultTransactionManager = this.beanFactory.getBean(PlatformTransactionManager.class);
					this.transactionManagerCache.putIfAbsent(
							DEFAULT_TRANSACTION_MANAGER_KEY, defaultTransactionManager);
				}
			}
			return defaultTransactionManager;
		}
	}

可以看到,如果没有指定TransactionManager参数的话,会使用默认的一个实现,所以当程序中有多个数据库时,事务执行最好是指定事务管理器。

事务的信息TransactionInfo

TransactionInfo是对当前事务的描述,其中记录了事务的状态等信息。它记录了和一个事务所有的相关信息。它没有什么方法,只是对事务相关对象的一个组合。最关键的对象是TransactionStatus,它代表当前正在运行的是哪个事务。

1.核心属性:事务状态TransactionStatus
2.事务管理器
3.事务属性
4.上一个事务信息oldTransactionInfo,REQUIRE_NEW传播级别时,事务挂起后前一个事务的事务信息

在这里插入图片描述

当前事务状态TransactionStatus

通过TransactionManager的getTransaction方法,获取当前事务的状态。
具体是在AbstractPlatformTransactionManager中实现.
TransactionStatus被用来做什么:TransactionManager对事务进行提交或回滚时需要用到该对象
具体方法有:
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作用:

  1. 判断当前事务是否是一个新的事务,否则加入到一个已经存在的事务中。事务传播级别REQUIRED和REQUIRE_NEW有用到。
  2. 当前事务是否携带保存点,嵌套事务用到。
    setRollbackOnly,isRollbackOnly,当子事务回滚时,并不真正回滚事务,而是对子事务设置一个标志位。
  3. 事务是否已经完成,已经提交或者已经回滚。

传播级别

介绍

Spring事务的传播级别描述的是多个使用了@Transactional注解的方法互相调用时,Spring对事务的处理。包涵的传播级别有:

  1. REQUIRED, 如果当前线程已经在一个事务中,则加入该事务,否则新建一个事务。
  2. SUPPORT, 如果当前线程已经在一个事务中,则加入该事务,否则不使用事务。
  3. MANDATORY(强制的),如果当前线程已经在一个事务中,则加入该事务,否则抛出异常。
  4. REQUIRES_NEW,无论如何都会创建一个新的事务,如果当前线程已经在一个事务中,则挂起当前事务,创建一个新的事务。
  5. NOT_SUPPORTED,如果当前线程在一个事务中,则挂起事务。
  6. NEVER,如果当前线程在一个事务中则抛出异常。
  7. NESTED, 执行一个嵌套事务,有点像REQUIRED,但是有些区别,在Mysql中是采用SAVEPOINT来实现的。

挂起事务,指的是将当前事务的属性如事务名称,隔离级别等属性保存在一个变量中,同时将当前线程中所有和事务相关的ThreadLocal变量设置为从未开启过线程一样。Spring维护着一个当前线程的事务状态,用来判断当前线程是否在一个事务中以及在一个什么样的事务中,挂起事务后,当前线程的事务状态就好像没有事务。

现象描述

@Service
public class MyTsA {
    @Resource
    private UserServiceImpl userService;
    @Resource
    private MyTsB myTsB;

    @Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
    public void testNewRollback(){
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(1);
        user.setName("张三");
        userService.save(user);
        myTsB.save();
    }
}
    
@Service
public class MyTsB {
    @Resource
    private UserServiceImpl userService;
    @Transactional(rollbackFor = RuntimeException.class, propagation = ???)
    public void save(){
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(2);
        user.setName(“李四”)
        userService.save(user);
}

如上面所示有两个事务A和事务B,事务A方法中调用了事务B方法,区分两种回滚情况。
A提交,B回滚。
A回滚,B提交。

对于不同的传播级别:
1.当传播级别为为REQUIRED时,第一种情况A和B都会回滚。
2.。当传播级别为RQUIRED_NEW时,第一种情况A可以成功提交,B回滚,第二种情况A回滚,B可以正确提交,二者互不影响。(在A事务捕获B事务异常的情况下,保证A事务提交)
3.当传播级别为NESTED时,第一种情况A可以正常提交,B回滚,第二种情况二者都会回滚。

原理

我们从两个角度看他们的实现原理,一个是刚进入事务时,针对不同的传播级别,它们的行为有什么区别。另一个角度是当事务提交或者回滚时,传播级别对事务行为的影响。

首先在尝试获取事务信息时,如果当前已经存在一个事务,则会根据传播级别做一些处理:

隔离级别对开始事务的影响(获取TransactionStatus)

@Override
public final TransactionStatus getTransaction(@Nullable TransactionDefinition definition) throws TransactionException {
  // 从当前的transactionManager获取DataSource对象
  // 然后以该DataSource对象为Key,
  // 去一个ThreadLocal变量中的map中获取该DataSource的连接
  // 然后设置到DataSourceTransactionObject中返回。
	Object transaction = doGetTransaction();
	// Cache debug flag to avoid repeated checks.
	boolean debugEnabled = logger.isDebugEnabled();
	if (definition == null) {
		// Use defaults if no transaction definition given.
		definition = new DefaultTransactionDefinition();
	}
// 如果当前线程已经在一个事务中了,则需要根据事务的传播级别
//来决定如何处理并获取事务状态对象
	if (isExistingTransaction(transaction)) {
		// Existing transaction found -> check propagation behavior to find out how to behave.
		return handleExistingTransaction(definition, transaction, debugEnabled);
	}
	// Check definition settings for new transaction.
	if (definition.getTimeout() < TransactionDefinition.TIMEOUT_DEFAULT) {
		throw new InvalidTimeoutException("Invalid transaction timeout", definition.getTimeout());
	}
	// No existing transaction found -> check propagation behavior to find out how to proceed.
	if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_MANDATORY) {
		throw new IllegalTransactionStateException(
				"No existing transaction found for transaction marked with propagation 'mandatory'");
	}
	else if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED ||
			definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW ||
			definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NESTED) {
		SuspendedResourcesHolder suspendedResources = suspend(null);
		if (debugEnabled) {
			logger.debug("Creating new transaction with name [" + definition.getName() + "]: " + definition);
		}
		try {
		  //如果当前不在一个事务中,则执行事务的准备操作
			boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER);
			// 构造事务状态对象,注意这里第三个参数为true,代表是一个新事务
			DefaultTransactionStatus status = newTransactionStatus(
					definition, transaction, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, suspendedResources);
			//执行begin操作,核心操作是设置隔离级别,执行   conn.setAutoCommit(false); 同时将数据连接绑定到当前线程
			doBegin(transaction, definition);
			// 针对事务相关属性如隔离级别,是否在事务中,设置绑定到当前线程
			prepareSynchronization(status, definition);
			return status;
		}
		catch (RuntimeException | Error ex) {
			resume(null, suspendedResources);
			throw ex;
		}
	}
	else {
		// Create "empty" transaction: no actual transaction, but potentially synchronization.
		if (definition.getIsolationLevel() != TransactionDefinition.ISOLATION_DEFAULT && logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
			logger.warn("Custom isolation level specified but no actual transaction initiated; " +
					"isolation level will effectively be ignored: " + definition);
		}
		boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() == SYNCHRONIZATION_ALWAYS);
		return prepareTransactionStatus(definition, null, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, null);
	}
}

可以看到,如果当前不存在事务时,创建一个新的TransactionStatus对象,否则进入到handleExistingTransaction。下面来看这个方法

1.如果是NEVER传播级别则抛出异常
2. 如果是不支持,则挂起事务,将当前事务对象设置为null,newTransaction设置为false,把线程的相关Threadlocal变量改的就像当前不存在事务一样
3. 如果是required_NEW的话,则挂起当前事务,同时创建一个新的事务,执行doBegin操作,设置newTransaction为true
4.如果是嵌入事务,则创建一个SAVEPOINT
5.对于REQUIRED传播级别会把newTransaction标志位设置为false

/**
 * Create a TransactionStatus for an existing transaction.
 */
private TransactionStatus handleExistingTransaction(
		TransactionDefinition definition, Object transaction, boolean debugEnabled)
		throws TransactionException {
    //如果是NEVER传播级别则抛出异常
	if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NEVER) {
		throw new IllegalTransactionStateException(
				"Existing transaction found for transaction marked with propagation 'never'");
	}
    // 如果是不支持,则挂起事务
	if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED) {
		if (debugEnabled) {
			logger.debug("Suspending current transaction");
		}
		Object suspendedResources = suspend(transaction);
		boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() == SYNCHRONIZATION_ALWAYS);
		//挂起事务同时将当前事务设置为null,newTransaction设置为false,把线程的相关Threadlocal变量改的就像当前不存在事务一样
		return prepareTransactionStatus(
				definition, null, false, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, suspendedResources);
	}
    //如果是required_NEW的话,则挂起当前事务,同时创建一个新的事务,执行doBegin操作
	if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW) {
		if (debugEnabled) {
			logger.debug("Suspending current transaction, creating new transaction with name [" +
					definition.getName() + "]");
		}
		SuspendedResourcesHolder suspendedResources = suspend(transaction);
		try {
			boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER);
			DefaultTransactionStatus status = newTransactionStatus(
					definition, transaction, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, suspendedResources);
			doBegin(transaction, definition);
			prepareSynchronization(status, definition);
			return status;
		}
		catch (RuntimeException | Error beginEx) {
			resumeAfterBeginException(transaction, suspendedResources, beginEx);
			throw beginEx;
		}
	}
    // 如果是嵌入事务,则创建一个SAVEPOINT
	if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NESTED) {
		if (!isNestedTransactionAllowed()) {
			throw new NestedTransactionNotSupportedException(
					"Transaction manager does not allow nested transactions by default - " +
					"specify 'nestedTransactionAllowed' property with value 'true'");
		}
		if (debugEnabled) {
			logger.debug("Creating nested transaction with name [" + definition.getName() + "]");
		}
		if (useSavepointForNestedTransaction()) {
			// Create savepoint within existing Spring-managed transaction,
			// through the SavepointManager API implemented by TransactionStatus.
			// Usually uses JDBC 3.0 savepoints. Never activates Spring synchronization.
			DefaultTransactionStatus status =
					prepareTransactionStatus(definition, transaction, false, false, debugEnabled, null);
			status.createAndHoldSavepoint();
			return status;
		}
		else {
			// Nested transaction through nested begin and commit/rollback calls.
			// Usually only for JTA: Spring synchronization might get activated here
			// in case of a pre-existing JTA transaction.
			boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER);
			DefaultTransactionStatus status = newTransactionStatus(
					definition, transaction, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, null);
			doBegin(transaction, definition);
			prepareSynchronization(status, definition);
			return status;
		}
	}

	// Assumably PROPAGATION_SUPPORTS or PROPAGATION_REQUIRED.
	if (debugEnabled) {
		logger.debug("Participating in existing transaction");
	}
//这里判断是否需要对已经存在的事务进行校验,这个可以通过AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.setValidateExistingTransaction(boolean)来设置,设置为true后需要校验当前事务的隔离级别和已经存在的事务的隔离级别是否一致 
	if (isValidateExistingTransaction()) {
		if (definition.getIsolationLevel() != TransactionDefinition.ISOLATION_DEFAULT) {
			Integer currentIsolationLevel = TransactionSynchronizationManager.getCurrentTransactionIsolationLevel();
			if (currentIsolationLevel == null || currentIsolationLevel != definition.getIsolationLevel()) {
				Constants isoConstants = DefaultTransactionDefinition.constants;
				throw new IllegalTransactionStateException("Participating transaction with definition [" +
						definition + "] specifies isolation level which is incompatible with existing transaction: " +
						(currentIsolationLevel != null ?
								isoConstants.toCode(currentIsolationLevel, DefaultTransactionDefinition.PREFIX_ISOLATION) :
								"(unknown)"));
			}
		}
		if (!definition.isReadOnly()) {
			if (TransactionSynchronizationManager.isCurrentTransactionReadOnly()) {
				throw new IllegalTransactionStateException("Participating transaction with definition [" +
						definition + "] is not marked as read-only but existing transaction is");
			}
		}
	}
	// 如果不设置是否校验已经存在的事务,则对于REQUIRED传播级别会走到这里来,这里把newTransaction标志位设置为false,
	// 这里用的definition是当前事务的相关属性,所以隔离级别等依然是当前事务的(子事务),而不是已经存在的事务的隔离级别(父事务)
	boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER);
	return prepareTransactionStatus(definition, transaction, false, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, null);
}

隔离级别对回滚事务的影响

  1. 如果newTransaction设置为ture,则真正执行回滚。
  2. 如果有保存点,则回滚到保存点。
  3. 否则不会真正回滚,而是设置回滚标志位。
private void processRollback(DefaultTransactionStatus status, boolean unexpected) {
		try {
			boolean unexpectedRollback = unexpected;
			try {
				triggerBeforeCompletion(status);
				// 如果有保存点
				if (status.hasSavepoint()) {
					if (status.isDebug()) {
						logger.debug("Rolling back transaction to savepoint");
					}
					status.rollbackToHeldSavepoint();
				}
				// 如果是新的事务,当传播级别为RUQUIRED_NEW时会走到这里来
				else if (status.isNewTransaction()) {
					if (status.isDebug()) {
						logger.debug("Initiating transaction rollback");
					}
					doRollback(status);
				}
				else {
				    // 加入到事务中,设置回滚状态,适用于REQUIRED传播级别
				    // 并不会真的回滚,而是设置回滚标志位
					// Participating in larger transaction
					if (status.hasTransaction()) {
						if (status.isLocalRollbackOnly() || isGlobalRollbackOnParticipationFailure()) {
							if (status.isDebug()) {
								logger.debug("Participating transaction failed - marking existing transaction as rollback-only");
							}
							doSetRollbackOnly(status);
						}
						else {
							if (status.isDebug()) {
								logger.debug("Participating transaction failed - letting transaction originator decide on rollback");
							}
						}
					}
					else {
						logger.debug("Should roll back transaction but cannot - no transaction available");
					}
					// Unexpected rollback only matters here if we're asked to fail early
					if (!isFailEarlyOnGlobalRollbackOnly()) {
						unexpectedRollback = false;
					}
				}
			}
			catch (RuntimeException | Error ex) {
				triggerAfterCompletion(status, TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_UNKNOWN);
				throw ex;
			}

			triggerAfterCompletion(status, TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_ROLLED_BACK);

			// Raise UnexpectedRollbackException if we had a global rollback-only marker
			if (unexpectedRollback) {
				throw new UnexpectedRollbackException(
						"Transaction rolled back because it has been marked as rollback-only");
			}
		}
		finally {
			cleanupAfterCompletion(status);
		}
	}

隔离级别对提交事务的影响

  1. 就算事务方法没有抛出异常,走到了commit方法中,但是依然有可能回滚事务。
  2. 对于REQUIRED传播级别,即使父事务中没有抛出异常,但是子事务中已经设置了回滚标志,那么父事务依然会回滚
  3. 只有newTransaction标志位为true的事务才会真正执行commit操作。
@Override
public final void commit(TransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException {
	if (status.isCompleted()) {
		throw new IllegalTransactionStateException(
				"Transaction is already completed - do not call commit or rollback more than once per transaction");
	}

	DefaultTransactionStatus defStatus = (DefaultTransactionStatus) status;
	if (defStatus.isLocalRollbackOnly()) {
		if (defStatus.isDebug()) {
			logger.debug("Transactional code has requested rollback");
		}
		processRollback(defStatus, false);
		return;
	}
 // 对于REQUIRED传播级别,即使父事务中没有抛出异常,但是子事务中已经设置了回滚标志,那么父事务依然会回滚
	if (!shouldCommitOnGlobalRollbackOnly() && defStatus.isGlobalRollbackOnly()) {
		if (defStatus.isDebug()) {
			logger.debug("Global transaction is marked as rollback-only but transactional code requested commit");
		}
		processRollback(defStatus, true);
		return;
	}

	processCommit(defStatus);
}

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为什么我的事务不生效

1.如果不是Innodb存储引擎,MyISAM不支持事务。
2.没有指定rollbackFor参数。
3. 没有指定transactionManager参数,默认的transactionManager并不是我期望的,以及一个事务中涉及到了多个数据库。
4. 如果AOP使用了JDK动态代理,对象内部方法互相调用不会被Spring的AOP拦截,@Transactional注解无效。
5. 如果AOP使用了CGLIB代理,事务方法或者类不是public,无法被外部包访问到,或者是final无法继承,@transactional注解无效。

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

posted on 2020-11-16 21:30  秦羽的思考  阅读(327)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报