Scoop - 在Windows命令行上进行程序安装
2019-01-28 22:49:21
资料来源自Scoop官方网站以及github上的帮助文档
Scoop -- A command-line installer for Windows
是开发人员用来安装程序用的,使用命令行进行操作。
安装前提(所需要的环境):
操作环境:win10。
确保你的 PowerShell 版本 >= 3. win7或许低于3,得升级。
PowerShell在哪里?以下三种方法可找到:
1. win + R 打开运行后输入powershell然后确定;(和环境变量有关)
2. cmd中输入powershell然后回车;(和环境变量有关)
3. 在开始菜单中查找;
如何查看自己的PowerShell 版本呢?在PowerShell中输入如下内容:
$psversiontable.psversion.major
本人电脑上显示如下:
1 PS C:\Users\user> $psversiontable.psversion.major 2 5
然后确保你允许PowerShell执行本地脚本,在PowerShell中输入如下内容,已完成执行策略的更改:
set-executionpolicy remotesigned -scope currentuser
遇到提示,输入Y即可。
开始安装Scoop.
在PowerShell中输入如下内容(将会安装到默认目录C:\Users\user(自己的用户名)\scoop,也可指定安装目录):
iex (new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://get.scoop.sh')
想要指定安装目录,在PowerShell中输入如下内容(代码中的D:\Applications\Scoop为指定的目录):
[environment]::setEnvironmentVariable('SCOOP','D:\Applications\Scoop','User') $env:SCOOP='D:\Applications\Scoop' iex (new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://get.scoop.sh')
等待安装完成。。。
使用Scoop(在cmd和PowerShell中输入以下命令均可,因为已经为Scoop自动设置了环境变量)。
输入以下命令查看Scoop命令的概述:
scoop help
结果显示如下:
1 PS C:\Users\15991> scoop help 2 Usage: scoop <command> [<args>] 3 4 Some useful commands are: 5 6 alias Manage scoop aliases 7 bucket Manage Scoop buckets 8 cache Show or clear the download cache 9 checkup Check for potential problems 10 cleanup Cleanup apps by removing old versions 11 config Get or set configuration values 12 create Create a custom app manifest 13 depends List dependencies for an app 14 export Exports (an importable) list of installed apps 15 help Show help for a command 16 home Opens the app homepage 17 info Display information about an app 18 install Install apps 19 list List installed apps 20 prefix Returns the path to the specified app 21 reset Reset an app to resolve conflicts 22 search Search available apps 23 status Show status and check for new app versions 24 uninstall Uninstall an app 25 update Update apps, or Scoop itself 26 virustotal Look for app's hash on virustotal.com 27 which Locate a shim/executable (similar to 'which' on Linux) 28 29 30 Type 'scoop help <command>' to get help for a specific command.
输入'scoop help <command>'可以查看具体的某个命令的用法,如下所示:
scoop help install
显示结果如下:
1 PS C:\Users\15991> scoop help install 2 Usage: scoop install <app> [options] 3 4 e.g. The usual way to install an app (uses your local 'buckets'): 5 scoop install git 6 7 To install an app from a manifest at a URL: 8 scoop install https://raw.github.com/lukesampson/scoop/master/bucket/runat.json 9 10 To install an app from a manifest on your computer 11 scoop install \path\to\app.json 12 13 When installing from your computer, you can leave the .json extension off if you like. 14 15 Options: 16 -g, --global Install the app globally 17 -i, --independent Don't install dependencies automatically 18 -k, --no-cache Don't use the download cache 19 -s, --skip Skip hash validation (use with caution!) 20 -a, --arch <32bit|64bit> Use the specified architecture, if the app supports it
查找要安装的程序,如gradle:
scoop search gradle
显示结果如下:
1 PS C:\Users\15991> scoop search gradle 2 'main' bucket: 3 gradle-bin (5.1.1) 4 gradle (5.1.1)
查找所有可用程序:
scoop search
安装程序,如gradle,默认会安装到Scoop安装目录下的apps目录:
scoop install gradle
显示结果如下:
1 PS C:\Users\15991> scoop install gradle 2 Installing 'gradle' (5.1.1) [32bit] 3 gradle-5.1.1-all.zip (124.7 MB) [> ] 1%
也可将程序安装到指定目录,如F:\GlobalScoopApps:
[environment]::setEnvironmentVariable('SCOOP_GLOBAL','F:\GlobalScoopApps','Machine') $env:SCOOP_GLOBAL='F:\GlobalScoopApps' scoop install -g <app>
对Scoop进行版本更新:
scoop update
对Scoop安装的所有程序进行更新(也可指定某个程序进行更新):
scoop update *