linux环境下mysql离线安装
1、首先准备需要用到的MySQL压缩包
百度云链接，版本是8.0.17
链接：http://https😕/pan.baidu.com/s/1f3oz4sfOxXhWWmgdOkw_Qw
提取码：sxjv
2、检查是否有旧版本的mysql包，有的centos镜像会默认携带
rpm -qa | grep mariadb
[root@DTS mysql]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64
有的话要删除，没有的话就可以跳过下面的步骤
[root@DTS mysql]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps
再次查看是否删除成功
[root@DTS mysql]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
[root@DTS mysql]#
3、建立mysql文件夹并上传刚刚准备好的rpm压缩文件
[root@DTS /]# cd /usr/local/
[root@DTS local]# cd mysql/
[root@DTS mysql]#
接下来是上传文件，这里有很多种上传的方式，用xshell的上传，也可以用xftp或者FileZilla client
[root@DTS mysql]# ls
mysql-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
4、解压文件
tar -xvf mysql-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@DTS mysql]# tar -xvf mysql-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-test-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
5、安装common
rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
[root@DTS mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
警告：mysql-community-common-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:mysql-community-common-8.0.17-1.e################################# [100%]
6、安装libs
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
[root@DTS mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
警告：mysql-community-libs-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:mysql-community-libs-8.0.17-1.el7################################# [100%]
7、安装client
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps –
[root@DTS mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
警告：mysql-community-client-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:mysql-community-client-8.0.17-1.e################################# [100%]
8、安装server
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
[root@DTS mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
警告：mysql-community-server-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:mysql-community-server-8.0.17-1.e################################# [100%]
9、查看已安装的mysql安装包
rpm -qa | grep mysql
[root@DTS mysql]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-community-libs-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-common-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-server-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-client-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64
10、对 mysql 数据库进行初始化和相关配置
mysqld --initialize; 初始化mysql
chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql -R; 对操作文件赋予权限
systemctl start mysqld.service; 启动mysql服务
systemctl enable mysqld; 设置开机自启
mysqld --initialize; 初始化mysql
chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql -R; 对操作文件赋予权限
systemctl start mysqld.service; 启动mysql服务
systemctl enable mysqld; 设置开机自启
11、查看生成的默认密码
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
[root@DTS mysql]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
2020-07-02T06:44:39.579110Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: K+e9eX>=>IjQ
12、使用刚才查询到的密码登陆mysql并修改密码
[root@DTS mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
[root@DTS mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.17
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
然后输入
ALTER USER ‘root’@‘localhost’ IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY ‘root’;
修改密码为root，你也可以改成别的，即更换BY后面引号内的内容，之后输入exit退出登录
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'root';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
13、重新登录mysql，进行远程访问授权
输入mysql -uroot -p，然后输入刚才修改的密码root
[root@DTS mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.17 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
通过以下命令，进行远程访问的授权
1、create user ‘root’@’%’ identified with mysql_native_password by ‘root’;
2、grant all privileges on . to ‘root’@’%’ with grant option;
3、flush privileges;
修改后退出MySQL
mysql> create user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'root';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
到这里MySQL就安装完毕了，但是通常这时候远程访问还是访问不到的，因为系统防火墙还没有关闭，下面这个步骤可选，如果工作环境不允许关闭防火墙就需要单独为MySQL开启远程端口，将MySQL端口添加到防火墙白名单
14、关闭防火墙（可选步骤）
systemctl stop firewalld.service 停止防火墙
systemctl disable firewalld.service 禁用防火墙
systemctl mask firewalld.service 禁止开机自启
[root@DTS mysql]# systemctl stop firewalld.service;
[root@DTS mysql]# systemctl disable firewalld.service;
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@DTS mysql]# systemctl mask firewalld.service;
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/firewalld.service to /dev/null.
查看防火墙状态
systemctl status firewalld.service
[root@DTS mysql]# systemctl status firewalld.service;
● firewalld.service
Loaded: masked (/dev/null; bad)
Active: inactive (dead) since 四 2020-07-02 14:48:38 CST; 20s ago
Main PID: 72326 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
7月 02 14:04:49 DTS firewalld[72326]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -t filter -X DOCKER' failed: iptables: No cha...at name.
7月 02 14:04:49 DTS firewalld[72326]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -t filter -F DOCKER-ISOLATION-STAGE-1' failed...at name.
7月 02 14:04:49 DTS firewalld[72326]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -t filter -X DOCKER-ISOLATION-STAGE-1' failed...at name.
7月 02 14:04:49 DTS firewalld[72326]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -t filter -F DOCKER-ISOLATION-STAGE-2' failed...at name.
7月 02 14:04:49 DTS firewalld[72326]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -t filter -X DOCKER-ISOLATION-STAGE-2' failed...at name.
7月 02 14:04:49 DTS firewalld[72326]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -t filter -F DOCKER-ISOLATION' failed: iptabl...at name.
7月 02 14:04:49 DTS firewalld[72326]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -t filter -X DOCKER-ISOLATION' failed: iptabl...at name.
7月 02 14:04:49 DTS firewalld[72326]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -D FORWARD -i docker0 -o docker0 -j DROP' fai...chain?).
7月 02 14:48:37 DTS systemd[1]: Stopping firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
7月 02 14:48:38 DTS systemd[1]: Stopped firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
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