android recycleView 简单使用二---分割线

转自:https://www.jianshu.com/p/b46a4ff7c10a

RecyclerView没有像之前ListView提供divider属性,而是提供了方法

recyclerView.addItemDecoration()

其中ItemDecoration需要我们自己去定制重写,一开始可能有人会觉得麻烦不好用,最后你会发现这种可插拔设计不仅好用,而且功能强大。

ItemDecoration类主要是三个方法:

public void onDraw(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent, State state)
public void onDrawOver(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent, State state)
public void getItemOffsets(Rect outRect, View view, RecyclerView parent, State state)

官方源码虽然都写的很清楚,但还不少小伙伴不知道怎么理解,怎么用或用哪个方法,下面我画个简单的图来帮你们理解一下。

 

首先我们假设绿色区域代表的是我们的内容,红色区域代表我们自己绘制的装饰,可以看到:

图1:代表了getItemOffsets(),可以实现类似padding的效果

图2:代表了onDraw(),可以实现类似绘制背景的效果,内容在上面

图3:代表了onDrawOver(),可以绘制在内容的上面,覆盖内容

注意上面是我个人从应用角度的看法,事实上实现上面的效果可能三个方法每个方法都可以实现。只不过这种方法更好理解。

下面是我们没有添加任何ItemDecoration的界面

 

padding

从前面的图可以看到实现这个效果,需要重写getItemOffsets方法。

//分割线
public class DividerItemDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration {
    @Override
    public void getItemOffsets(Rect outRect, View view, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
        super.getItemOffsets(outRect, view, parent, state);
        //outRect.bottom、left,right,top设置为int值
        outRect.bottom =100 ;
        outRect.left =50 ;
    }
}

分割线

分割线在app中是经常用到的,用ItemDecoration怎么实现呢,其实上面padding改成1dp就实现了分割线的效果,但是分割线的颜色只能是背景灰色,所以不能用这种方法。

要实现分割线效果需要 getItemOffsets()和 onDraw()2个方法,首先用 getItemOffsets给item下方空出一定高度的空间(例子中是1dp),然后用onDraw绘制这个空间

//分割线
public class DividerItemDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration {

    private Context mContext;   //上下文
    private int dividerHeight;  //分割线的高度
    private Paint mPaint;   //画笔

    //自定义构造方法,在构造方法中初始化一些变量
    public DividerItemDecoration(Context context){
        mContext = context;
        dividerHeight = 2;   //context.getResources().getDimensionPixelSize(R.dimen.divider_height);
        mPaint = new Paint();
        mPaint.setColor(context.getResources().getColor(R.color.colorAccent));  //设置颜色
    }

    //设置padding
    @Override
    public void getItemOffsets(Rect outRect, View view, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
        super.getItemOffsets(outRect, view, parent, state);
        //outRect.bottom、left,right,top设置为int值,设置每一项的padding
        outRect.bottom =dividerHeight ;
    }

    //画图
    @Override
    public void onDraw(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
        super.onDraw(c, parent, state);
        
        //获取item个数
        int childCount = parent.getChildCount();
        //左右是固定的
        int left = parent.getPaddingLeft();
        int right = parent.getWidth() - parent.getPaddingRight() ;
        //高度
        for (int i = 0; i < childCount - 1; i++) {
            View view = parent.getChildAt(i);
            float top = view.getBottom();
            float bottom = view.getBottom() + dividerHeight;
            //画图
            c.drawRect(left, top, right, bottom, mPaint);
        }

    }
}

效果如下:

标签

现在很多电商app会给商品加上一个标签,比如“推荐”,“热卖”,“秒杀”等等,可以看到这些标签都是覆盖在内容之上的,这就可以用onDrawOver()来实现,我们这里简单实现一个有趣的标签

public class LeftAndRightTagDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration {

    private int tagWidth;  //标签的宽度
    private Paint leftPaint;  //左边的画笔
    private Paint rightPaint;  //右边的画笔
    public LeftAndRightTagDecoration(Context context){
        leftPaint =new Paint();
        leftPaint.setColor(context.getResources().getColor(R.color.colorPrimary));
        rightPaint = new Paint();
        rightPaint.setColor(context.getResources().getColor(R.color.colorOrange));
     //上面是画笔的初始化,和设置颜色,下面是标签宽度的获取 tagWidth
= context.getResources().getDimensionPixelSize(R.dimen.tag_width); } //绘制标签 @Override public void onDrawOver(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) { super.onDrawOver(c, parent, state);        int childCount = parent.getChildCount(); for(int i=0;i<childCount;i++){ View child = parent.getChildAt(i); int pos = parent.getChildAdapterPosition(child); boolean isLeft = pos%2==0; if(isLeft){ float left = child.getLeft(); float right = left+tagWidth; float top = child.getTop(); float bottom =child.getBottom(); c.drawRect(left,top,right,bottom,leftPaint); }else{ float right = child.getRight(); float left = right-tagWidth; float top = child.getTop(); float bottom =child.getBottom(); c.drawRect(left,top,right,bottom,rightPaint); } } } }

效果如下

 

组合

不要忘记的是ItemDecoration是可以叠加的

//ItemDecoration分割线
 mRecycleView.addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(this));
//标签
 mRecycleView.addItemDecoration(new LeftAndRightTagDecoration(this));

效果如下:

 

section

这个是什么呢,先看下我们实现的效果

 

一看这个就很熟悉吧,手机上面的通讯录联系人,知乎日报都是这样效果,可以叫分组,也可以叫section分块 先不管它叫什么。

这个怎么实现呢? 其实和实现分割线是一样的道理 ,只是不是所有的item都需要分割线,只有同组的第一个需要。

我们首先定义一个接口给activity进行回调用来进行数据分组和获取首字母

public interface DecorationCallback {

        long getGroupId(int position);

        String getGroupFirstLine(int position);
    }

然后再来看我们的ItemDecoration

public class SectionDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration {

    private DecorationCallback callback;
    private TextPaint textPaint;  //文字画笔
    private Paint paint;  //普通画笔
    private int topGap;  //padding_top
    private Paint.FontMetrics fontMetrics;

    //自定义构造函数
    public SectionDecoration(Context context, DecorationCallback decorationCallback) {
        Resources res = context.getResources();
        this.callback = decorationCallback;

        //画笔
        paint = new Paint();
        paint.setColor(res.getColor(R.color.colorPrimary));

        //文字画笔,样式设置
        textPaint = new TextPaint();
        textPaint.setTypeface(Typeface.DEFAULT_BOLD);  //加粗
        textPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
        textPaint.setTextSize(70);  //字体大小
        textPaint.setColor(Color.BLACK);  //字体颜色
        textPaint.getFontMetrics(fontMetrics);  //字体的材质
        textPaint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.LEFT);  //字体的向左对齐

        fontMetrics = new Paint.FontMetrics();
        topGap = res.getDimensionPixelSize(R.dimen.sectioned_top);//32dp Padding——top的值

    }

    @Override
    public void getItemOffsets(Rect outRect, View view, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
        super.getItemOffsets(outRect, view, parent, state);

        //视图的位置
        int pos = parent.getChildAdapterPosition(view);
        long groupId = callback.getGroupId(pos);
        if (groupId < 0) return;
        if (pos == 0 || isFirstInGroup(pos)) {//同组的第一个才添加padding
            outRect.top = topGap;
        } else {
            outRect.top = 0;
        }

    }

    @Override
    public void onDraw(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
        super.onDraw(c, parent, state);
        
        
        int left = parent.getPaddingLeft();
        int right = parent.getWidth() - parent.getPaddingRight();
        int childCount = parent.getChildCount();
        for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
            View view = parent.getChildAt(i);
            int position = parent.getChildAdapterPosition(view);
            long groupId = callback.getGroupId(position);
            if (groupId < 0) return;
            //分组的文本
            String textLine = callback.getGroupFirstLine(position).toUpperCase();
            if (position == 0 || isFirstInGroup(position)) {
                float top = view.getTop() - topGap;
                float bottom = view.getTop();
                c.drawRect(left, top, right, bottom, paint);//绘制矩形
                c.drawText(textLine, left, bottom, textPaint);//绘制文本
            }
        }
    }

    //是否是一个组
    private boolean isFirstInGroup(int pos) {
        if (pos == 0) {
            return true;
        } else {
            long prevGroupId = callback.getGroupId(pos - 1);
            long groupId = callback.getGroupId(pos);
            return prevGroupId != groupId;
        }
    }
    //接口实现分组的依据
    public interface DecorationCallback {

        long getGroupId(int position);

        String getGroupFirstLine(int position);
    }
}

可以看到和divider实现一样,都是重写getItemOffsets()和onDraw()2个方法,不同的是根据数据做了处理。

在Activity中使用

mRecycleView.addItemDecoration(new SectionDecoration(this, new SectionDecoration.DecorationCallback() {
@Override
public long getGroupId(int position) {
return Character.toUpperCase(homeAdapter.mTitles[position].charAt(0));
}

@Override
public String getGroupFirstLine(int position) {
return homeAdapter.mTitles[position].substring(0, 1).toUpperCase();
}
}));

干净舒服,不少github类似的库都是去adapter进行处理 侵入性太强 或许ItemDecoration是个更好的选择,可插拔,可替换。

到这里细心的人就会发现了,header不会动啊,我手机上的通讯录可是会随的滑动而变动呢,这个可以实现么?

StickyHeader

这个东西怎么叫我也不知道啊 粘性头部?英文也有叫 pinned section 取名字真是个麻烦事。

先看下我们简单实现的效果

 
stickyheader

首先一看到图,我们就应该想到header不动肯定是要绘制item内容之上的,需要重写onDrawOver()方法,其他地方和section实现一样。

public class PinnedSectionDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration {
    private static final String TAG = "PinnedSectionDecoration";

    private DecorationCallback callback;
    private TextPaint textPaint;
    private Paint paint;
    private int topGap;
    private Paint.FontMetrics fontMetrics;


    public PinnedSectionDecoration(Context context, DecorationCallback decorationCallback) {
        Resources res = context.getResources();
        this.callback = decorationCallback;

        paint = new Paint();
        paint.setColor(res.getColor(R.color.colorAccent));

        textPaint = new TextPaint();
        textPaint.setTypeface(Typeface.DEFAULT_BOLD);
        textPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
        textPaint.setTextSize(80);
        textPaint.setColor(Color.BLACK);
        textPaint.getFontMetrics(fontMetrics);
        textPaint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.LEFT);
        fontMetrics = new Paint.FontMetrics();
        topGap = res.getDimensionPixelSize(R.dimen.sectioned_top);


    }


    @Override
    public void getItemOffsets(Rect outRect, View view, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
        super.getItemOffsets(outRect, view, parent, state);
        int pos = parent.getChildAdapterPosition(view);
        long groupId = callback.getGroupId(pos);
        if (groupId < 0) return;
        if (pos == 0 || isFirstInGroup(pos)) {
            outRect.top = topGap;
        } else {
            outRect.top = 0;
        }
    }


    @Override
    public void onDrawOver(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
        super.onDrawOver(c, parent, state);
        int itemCount = state.getItemCount();
        int childCount = parent.getChildCount();
        int left = parent.getPaddingLeft();
        int right = parent.getWidth() - parent.getPaddingRight();
        float lineHeight = textPaint.getTextSize() + fontMetrics.descent;

        long preGroupId, groupId = -1;
        for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
            View view = parent.getChildAt(i);
            int position = parent.getChildAdapterPosition(view);

            preGroupId = groupId;
            groupId = callback.getGroupId(position);
            if (groupId < 0 || groupId == preGroupId) continue;

            String textLine = callback.getGroupFirstLine(position).toUpperCase();
            if (TextUtils.isEmpty(textLine)) continue;

            int viewBottom = view.getBottom();
            float textY = Math.max(topGap, view.getTop());
            if (position + 1 < itemCount) { //下一个和当前不一样移动当前
                long nextGroupId = callback.getGroupId(position + 1);
                if (nextGroupId != groupId && viewBottom < textY ) {//组内最后一个view进入了header
                    textY = viewBottom;
                }
            }
            c.drawRect(left, textY - topGap, right, textY, paint);
            c.drawText(textLine, left, textY, textPaint);
        }

    }

}

好了,现在发现ItemDecoration有多强大了吧! 当然还有更多就需要你自己去发现了。

posted @ 2018-10-16 16:15  FeelRose  阅读(1585)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报