Centos7安装Jenkins详解；

1.什么是Jenkins？

jenkins官方的描述作为领先的开源自动化服务器，Jenkins 提供了数百个插件来支持构建、部署和自动化任何项目。
jenkins是一个开源提供友好界面的持续集成工具，是由Java开发。它本身不做什么事情，所有的工作都是通过插件的方式来完成调度与工作；

2.Jenkins的安装

官方地址: https://www.jenkins.io/download/
清华大学镜像站: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/redhat/

2.1下载Jenkins的rpm包

目前最新版本2.346.3
安装jenkins2.346.3
通过rpm包安装Jenkins

# 通过清华大学源来安装，因为国外速度太慢。
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/redhat/jenkins-2.346-1.1.noarch.rpm --no-check-certificate

2.2关闭防火墙selinux

[root@localhost /]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.

一定要确保字符集为 LANG="en_US.UTF-8"否则Jenkins汉化会汉化一部分；
[root@localhost /]# LANG="en_US.UTF-8"

2.3安装java-jdk

# 安装java
[root@localhost ~]# yum install java-11-openjdk-devel -y
# 查看java版本
[root@localhost ~]# java --version
openjdk 11.0.16 2022-07-19 LTS
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (Red_Hat-11.0.16.0.8-1.el7_9) (build 11.0.16+8-LTS)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (Red_Hat-11.0.16.0.8-1.el7_9) (build 11.0.16+8-LTS, mixed mode, sharing)

2.4 安装Jenkins

[root@localhost ~]# yum localinstall 
anaconda-ks.cfg               .bash_logout                  .bashrc                       jenkins-2.346-1.1.noarch.rpm  
.bash_history                 .bash_profile                 .cshrc                        .tcshrc                       
[root@localhost ~]# yum localinstall jenkins-2.346-1.1.noarch.rpm  -y
已加载插件：fastestmirror
正在检查 jenkins-2.346-1.1.noarch.rpm: jenkins-2.346-1.1.noarch
jenkins-2.346-1.1.noarch.rpm 将被安装
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 jenkins.noarch.0.2.346-1.1 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成

依赖关系解决

====================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                   架构                                     版本                                          源                                                           大小
====================================================================================================================================================================================================
正在安装:
 jenkins                                   noarch                                   2.346-1.1                                     /jenkins-2.346-1.1.noarch                                    87 M

事务概要
====================================================================================================================================================================================================
安装  1 软件包

总计：87 M
安装大小：87 M
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  正在安装    : jenkins-2.346-1.1.noarch                                                                                                                                                        1/1 
  验证中      : jenkins-2.346-1.1.noarch                                                                                                                                                        1/1 

已安装:
  jenkins.noarch 0:2.346-1.1                                                                                                                                                                        

完毕！

2.5配置Jenkins

修改用户Jenkins为root即可

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/jenkins 
JENKINS_USER="root"

2.6启动Jenkins

[root@localhost /]# systemctl start jenkins
[root@localhost /]# systemctl status jenkins
● jenkins.service - LSB: Jenkins Automation Server
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 四 2022-08-25 18:42:46 CST; 4s ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 11659 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 11431 (code=exited, status=143)
   CGroup: /system.slice/jenkins.service
           └─11687 /etc/alternatives/java -Dcom.sun.akuma.Daemon=daemonized -Djava.awt.headless=true -DJENKINS_HOME=/var/lib/jenkins -jar /usr/lib/jenkins/jenkins.war --logfile=/var/log/jenkins...

8月 25 18:42:46 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Jenkins Automation Server...
8月 25 18:42:46 localhost.localdomain runuser[11664]: pam_unix(runuser:session): session opened for user root by (uid=0)
8月 25 18:42:46 localhost.localdomain runuser[11664]: pam_unix(runuser:session): session closed for user root
8月 25 18:42:46 localhost.localdomain jenkins[11659]: Starting Jenkins [  确定  ]
8月 25 18:42:46 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started LSB: Jenkins Automation Server.

2.7确认服务是没有问题的

这里打开有一点慢稍微等一下。

2.8 解锁Jenkins

通过cat查看Jenkins解锁密码
[root@localhost /]# cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
2fec9c61b9ec474eaa0b3105c5xxxxx

2.9 安装插件；

这里选择推荐的插件安装的话，因为源是在国外的，所以安装非常慢，可以选择第二个；

2.10 设置管理员

这里选择使用admin账户继续

2.11设置站点

保存完成即可

2.12完成安装