假设待去括号的表达式为 (m1 op1 n1) op (m2 op2 n2) 这里m1、n1、m2、m2可能自身就是个表达式，也可能是数字，op、op1、op2为运算符
1、若op为'/'，则 (m2 op2 n2)的括号必须保留；
2、若op为'*'或'-'，如果op2为'+'或'-'，则(m2 op2 n2)的括号必须保留；
3、若op为'*'或'/'，如果op1为'+'或'-'，则(m1 op1 n1)的括号必须保留；
4、除此之外，去掉括号不影响表达式的计算顺序。
3. 判断是否正确：（int 输入=String结果）涉及String转换为int ：int n=Integer.parseInt(结果); 输入=n.
4. 完成时间
代码：
package yunsuan04;
import java.util.*;//swing.//JOptionPane;
public class Test
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
System.out.println("欢迎使用本系统，本系统自动产生四则运算表达式.");
//JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"欢迎使用本系统，本系统自动产生四则运算表达式。");
int count1=0;//答对的题目个数
int count2=0;//答错的题目个数
boolean flag;//判断答案的对错*/
double time1=System.currentTimeMillis();
BinaryTree bTree;
for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
bTree = new BinaryTree(2);
bTree.createBTree();
String result = bTree.CalAndVal();
int n=Integer.parseInt(result);
System.out.println(bTree.toString() + "=" + "答案:");//result);
Scanner in=new Scanner(System.in);
int d=in.nextInt();
if(d==n)
{
flag=true;
System.out.println("恭喜你，答对啦！");
++count1;
}
else{
flag=false;
++count2;
System.out.println("答错啦，再努力！");
}
}
double time2=System.currentTimeMillis();
int time=(int)((time2-time1)/1000);
if(count1>count2){
System.out.println("成绩不错，继续保持！");
}
else{
System.out.println("该努力啦，加油~~！");
}
System.out.println("答对的题有："+count1+"个"+"\n"+"答错的题有："+count2+"个"+"\n"+"所用时间为："+time+"秒");//最后统计答对题数答错的题目的个数
}
}
package yunsuan04;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class BinaryTree
{
private TreeNode root;
private int num;
private ArrayList<TreeNode> opeList = new ArrayList<TreeNode>();
public BinaryTree(int num){
this.num = num;
}
public int getNum(){
return num;
}
public void setNum(int num){
this.num = num;
}
public void setTreeNode(TreeNode root){
this.root = root;
}
/**
* 获取最终的表达式，必须在CalAndVal()方法后调用
*
* @return str
*/
public String toString(){
String str = root.toString();
str = str.substring(1, str.length()-1);
return str;
}
/**
* 计算并验证表达式
*
* @return result
*/
public String CalAndVal(){
return root.getResult();
}
/**
* 计算二叉树的深度(层数)
*
* @return deep
*/
public int getDeep(){
int i = this.num;
int deep = 2;
while(i/2 > 0){
deep++;
i /= 2;
}
return deep;
}
/**
* 生成二叉树
*
*/
public void createBTree(){
TreeNode lchild, rchild, lnode, rnode;
if(num == 1){
lchild = new TreeNode(String.valueOf(Ran.getNumber(10)), null, null);
rchild = new TreeNode(String.valueOf(Ran.getNumber(10)), null, null);
root = new TreeNode(String.valueOf(Ran.getOperator()), lchild, rchild);
}
else{
int num1 = 0;
int n = getDeep() - 3;
boolean[] place = Ran.getChildPlace(num);
root = new TreeNode(String.valueOf(Ran.getOperator()), null, null);
opeList.add(root);
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
for(int j = 0; j < (int)Math.pow(2, i); j++, num1++){
lchild = new TreeNode(String.valueOf(Ran.getOperator()), null, null);
rchild = new TreeNode(String.valueOf(Ran.getOperator()), null, null);
opeList.get(j + num1).setChild(lchild, rchild);
opeList.add(lchild);
opeList.add(rchild);
}
}
for(int i = 0; i < place.length; i++){
if(place[i]){
lnode = new TreeNode(String.valueOf(Ran.getNumber(10)), null, null);
rnode = new TreeNode(String.valueOf(Ran.getNumber(10)), null, null);
if(i%2 == 0){
lchild = new TreeNode(String.valueOf(Ran.getOperator()), lnode, rnode);
opeList.add(lchild);
opeList.get(num1).setLchild(lchild);
}
else{
rchild = new TreeNode(String.valueOf(Ran.getOperator()), lnode, rnode);
opeList.add(rchild);
opeList.get(num1).setRchild(rchild);
}
}
else{
if(i%2 == 0){
lchild = new TreeNode(String.valueOf(Ran.getNumber(10)), null, null);
opeList.get(num1).setLchild(lchild);
}
else{
rchild = new TreeNode(String.valueOf(Ran.getNumber(10)), null, null);
opeList.get(num1).setRchild(rchild);
}
}
num1 = num1 + i%2;
}
}
}
}
2
package yunsuan04;
import java.util.Random;
public class Ran {
/* 获取随机的符号
* @return operator
*/
public static char getOperator(){
char operator = 0;
Random ran = new Random();
int i = ran.nextInt(4);
switch(i){
case 0:
operator = '+';
break;
case 1:
operator = '-';
break;
case 2:
operator = '*';
break;
case 3:
operator = '/';
break;
}
return operator;
}
/**
* 根据输入的范围获取随机数
*
* @param max
* @return number
*/
public static int getNumber(int max){
int number = 0;
Random ran = new Random();
number = ran.nextInt(max+1);
return number;
}
/**
* 根据运算符的个数随机产生子节点的位置
*
* @param num
* @return childPlace
*/
public static boolean[] getChildPlace(int num){
int d = 0;
int size = 0, j=1;
while(num >= (int)Math.pow(2, j)){
j++;
}
d = (int)Math.pow(2, j) - 1 - num;
size = (int)Math.pow(2, j-1);
boolean[] k = new boolean[size];
for(int i = 0; i < size; i++){
k[i] = true;
}
for(int i = 0; i < d; i++){
Random ran = new Random();
int f = ran.nextInt(size);
while(k[f] == false)
{
f = ran.nextInt(size);
}
k[f] = false;
}
return k;
}
}
3
package yunsuan04;
public class TreeNode {
private String str;
private TreeNode rchild = null;
private TreeNode lchild = null;
public TreeNode(String str){
this.str = str;
}
public TreeNode(String str, TreeNode lchild, TreeNode rchild){
this.str = str;
this.rchild = rchild;
this.lchild = lchild;
}
public void setChild(TreeNode lchild, TreeNode rchild){
this.lchild = lchild;
this.rchild = rchild;
}
public TreeNode getRchild() {
return rchild;
}
public void setRchild(TreeNode rchild) {
this.rchild = rchild;
}
public TreeNode getLchild() {
return lchild;
}
public void setLchild(TreeNode lchild) {
this.lchild = lchild;
}
public String getStr(){
return str;
}
/**
* 获取每个节点的运算结果，并检验除法
* 1)除数为0
* 2)不能整除
* 出现以上两种情况的话将该运算符转换成其他三种运算符
*
* @return result
*/
public String getResult(){
if(hasChild()){
switch(str){
case "+":
return String.valueOf(Integer.parseInt(getLchild().getResult()) + Integer.parseInt(getRchild().getResult()));
case "-":
return String.valueOf(Integer.parseInt(getLchild().getResult()) - Integer.parseInt(getRchild().getResult()));
case "*":
return String.valueOf(Integer.parseInt(getLchild().getResult()) * Integer.parseInt(getRchild().getResult()));
case "/":
if(getRchild().getResult().equals("0")){
while(str.equals("/")){
str = String.valueOf(Ran.getOperator());
}
return this.getResult();
}
else if(Integer.parseInt(getLchild().getResult()) % Integer.parseInt(getRchild().getResult()) != 0){
while(str.equals("/")){
str = String.valueOf(Ran.getOperator());
}
return this.getResult();
}
else
return String.valueOf(Integer.parseInt(getLchild().getResult()) / Integer.parseInt(getRchild().getResult()));
}
}
return str;
}
/**
* 先对每个运算式添加括号，然后根据去括号法则，去掉多余的子式的括号
*
* @return string
*/
public String toString(){
String Lstr = "", Rstr = "", Str = "";
if(hasChild()){
//右子树如果有孩子，说明右子树是一个表达式，而不是数字节点。
if(getRchild().hasChild()){
//判断左邻括号的运算符是否为'/'
if(str.equals("/")){
//获取右子树的表达式，保留括号
Rstr = getRchild().toString();
}
//判断左邻括号的运算符是否为'*'或'-'
else if(str.equals("*") || str.equals("-")){
//判断op是否为'+'或'-'
if(getRchild().str.equals("+") || getRchild().str.equals("-")){
Rstr = getRchild().toString();
}
else{
//获取右子树的表达式，并且去括号
Rstr = getRchild().toString().substring(1, getRchild().toString().length()-1);
}
}
else{
//右子树除此之外都是可以去括号的。
Rstr = getRchild().toString().substring(1, getRchild().toString().length()-1);
}
}
else{
Rstr = getRchild().str;
}
//左子树的情况同右子树类似
if(getLchild().hasChild()){
if(str.equals("*") || str.equals("/")){
if(getLchild().str.equals("+") || getLchild().str.equals("-")){
Lstr = getLchild().toString();
}
else{
Lstr = getLchild().toString().substring(1, getLchild().toString().length()-1);
}
}
else{
Lstr = getLchild().toString().substring(1, getLchild().toString().length()-1);
}
}
else{
Lstr = getLchild().str;
}
//获取当前的运算式，并加上括号
Str = "(" + Lstr + str + Rstr + ")";
}
else{
//若没有孩子，说明是数字节点，直接返回数字
Str = str;
}
return Str;
}
public boolean hasChild(){
if(lchild == null && rchild == null)
return false;
else
return true;
}
}
截图：
