Nginx
Nginx
一款轻量级的Web 服务器/反向代理服务器及电子邮件（IMAP/POP3）代理服务器，特点：占有内存少，并发能力强（epoll）。
一、下载Nginx：进入 http://nginx.org/en/download.html ，下载最新的Nginx（nginx-1.3.15.tar.gz）并解压。
二、安装开发工具提供编译环境
yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
三、通过源代码安装Nginx，指定安装路径：/usr/local/nginx。
[root@bogon ~]# cd nginx-1.3.15/ [root@bogon nginx-1.3.15]# ls auto CHANGES.ru configure html Makefile objs src CHANGES conf contrib LICENSE man README [root@bogon nginx-1.3.15]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
如果有提示缺少库，可通过YUM安装。如 PCRE 的库：
[root@bogon nginx-1.3.15]# yum list | grep pcre pcre.x86_64 7.8-6.el6 @base pcre-devel.x86_64 7.8-6.el6 @base mingw32-pcre.noarch 8.10-2.el6.5 base pcre.i686 7.8-6.el6 base pcre-devel.i686 7.8-6.el6 base pcre-static.x86_64 7.8-6.el6 base [root@bogon nginx-1.3.15]# yum install pcre-devel
安装成功提示信息：
creating objs/Makefile Configuration summary + using system PCRE library + OpenSSL library is not used + using builtin md5 code + sha1 library is not found + using system zlib library nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx" nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf" nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf" nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid" nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log" nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log" nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp" nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp" nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp" nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp" nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"
四、编译
[root@bogon nginx-1.3.15]# make [root@bogon nginx-1.3.15]# make install
五、启动Nginx
[root@bogon nginx-1.3.15]# cd /usr/local/nginx/ [root@bogon nginx]# cd sbin [root@bogon sbin]# ./nginx
查看进程，可看出 Nginx 的结构：一个主进程和多个工作进程，工作进程是单线程的。
[root@bogon sbin]# ps aux | grep nginx root 18346 0.0 0.0 20196 580 ? Ss 21:29 0:00 nginx: master process ./nginx nobody 18347 0.1 0.1 20592 1304 ? S 21:29 0:03 nginx: worker process root 19554 0.0 0.0 103240 828 pts/0 S+ 22:13 0:00 grep nginx
查看监控
[root@bogon sbin]# netstat -tupln | grep 80 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 18346/nginx
六、停止Nginx，向 Nginx 主进程发送信号。
[root@bogon sbin]# kill -s QUIT 18346
Nginx 配置文件
[root@bogon nginx]# cat conf/nginx.conf
#user nobody; worker_processes 1; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ \.php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443; # server_name localhost; # ssl on; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1; # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} }
Nginx 主页：http://127.0.0.1/，访问的路径：/usr/local/nginx/html/index.html。
七、通过 httpd，测试 Nginx 性能：启动一个并发，10000次请求。
[root@bogon nginx]# yum install -y httpd [root@bogon nginx]# ab -c 1 -n 10000 http://127.0.0.1/index.html
在打印的日志中，通过 Requests per second: 7391.48 [#/sec] (mean) 可看到每秒完成 4627 个请求。
apache命令行启动
通过命令行开关来控制Apache服务：
启动Apache服务：httpd -k start
停止Apache服务：httpd -k stop 或 httpd -k shutdown
重启Apache服务，强制它重新读取配置文件：httpd -k restart
