vscode_neovim(vim enhanced)配置与使用@通过变量$MYVIMRC来修改vim配置文件

neovim安装

refs@document

用scoop 安装

如果您的网络环境允许,scoop安装时不错的选择
通过nvim可以在终端(powershell)中启动neovim

(注意不是用neovim启动,而是nvim)

     NVIM v0.5.1
~
~                                     Nvim is open source and freely distributable
~                                               https://neovim.io/#chat
~
~                                    type  :help nvim<Enter>       if you are new!
~                                    type  :checkhealth<Enter>     to optimize Nvim
~                                    type  :q<Enter>               to exit
~                                    type  :help<Enter>            for help
~
~                                               Sponsor Vim development!
~                                    type  :help sponsor<Enter>    for information
~

scoop查询neovim安装目录

 PS C:\Users\cxxu> scoop which nvim
D:\exes\neovim\bin\nvim.exe

这里的~表示用户家目录(%userProfile%)

安装vscode extension

introduction/download installation
您需要在插件中指定对应系统下的neovim可执行文件的目录

插件配置

by command palette
- 搜索neovim path
配置时注意区分linux path/windows path

使得配置生效

重启窗口
- ctrl+shift+p:
- reload window

vimrc 配置文件

vimrc 在neovim中的相对应的配置文件是init.vim(或者是init.lua)

:help init.vim

 config init.vim init.lua vimrc exrc
      A file that contains initialization commands is generically called
      a "vimrc" or config file.  It can be a Vimscript or Lua file named
      "init.vim" or "init.lua" respectively.  It is an error to use both at
      the same time.  Each line in a "init.vim" is executed as an Ex command
      line.  See also vimrc-intro and base-directories.
  
      The config file is located at:
              Unix            ~/.config/nvim/init.vim (or init.lua)
              Windows         ~/AppData/Local/nvim/init.vim (or init.lua)
      or if $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is defined:
                              $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/nvim/init.vim (or init.lua)

然而,某些情况下您找不到这个文件,可以手动创建
根据help 提示,在
- %localAppData%\下创建相应的目录nvim
- 并创建文件init.vim
- 这样就可以完成配置
windows下重开一个nvim,可以看到效果

配置文件和$MYVIMRC

neovim配置

:help vim.init

  A file that contains initialization commands is generically called
        a "vimrc" or config file.  It can be a Vimscript or Lua file named
        "init.vim" or "init.lua" respectively.  It is an error to use both at
        the same time.  Each line in a "init.vim" is executed as an Ex command
        line.  See also vimrc-intro and base-directories.
 
        The config file is located at:
                Unix            ~/.config/nvim/init.vim (or init.lua)
                Windows         ~/AppData/Local/nvim/init.vim (or init.lua)

创建init.vim

for windows
- powershell下可以执行:
  - new-item -Type File ~/AppData/Local/nvim/init.vim -Force
for linux
- touch ~/.config/nvim/init.vim

编辑已创建的配置文件

edit $myvimrc(windows下部分大小写)
tab可以补全

vim配置

 . Execute Ex commands, from environment variables and/or files
        An environment variable is read as one Ex command line, where multiple
        commands must be separated with '|' or "<NL>".
                                                                vimrc exrc
        A file that contains initialization commands is called a "vimrc" file.
        Each line in a vimrc file is executed as an Ex command line.  It is
        sometimes also referred to as "exrc" file.  They are the same type of
        file, but "exrc" is what Vi always used, "vimrc" is a Vim specific
        name.  Also see vimrc-intro.
 
        Places for your personal initializations:
                Unix            $HOME/.vimrc or $HOME/.vim/vimrc
                MS-Windows      $HOME/_vimrc, $HOME/vimfiles/vimrc
                                or $VIM/_vimrc
                Amiga           s:.vimrc, home:.vimrc, home:vimfiles:vimrc
                                or $VIM/.vimrc
                Haiku           $HOME/config/settings/vim/vimrc
 
        The files are searched in the order specified above and only the first
        one that is found is read.

:version(👩 for vim)

 Compiled by team+vim@tracker.debian.org
Huge version without GUI.  Features included (+) or not (-):
+acl               +file_in_path      +mouse_urxvt       -tag_any_white
+arabic            +find_in_path      +mouse_xterm       -tcl
+autocmd           +float             +multi_byte        +termguicolors
+autochdir         +folding           +multi_lang        +terminal
-autoservername    -footer            -mzscheme          +terminfo
-balloon_eval      +fork()            +netbeans_intg     +termresponse
+balloon_eval_term +gettext           +num64             +textobjects
-browse            -hangul_input      +packages          +textprop
++builtin_terms    +iconv             +path_extra        +timers
+byte_offset       +insert_expand     -perl              +title
+channel           +ipv6              +persistent_undo   -toolbar
+cindent           +job               +popupwin          +user_commands
-clientserver      +jumplist          +postscript        +vartabs
-clipboard         +keymap            +printer           +vertsplit
+cmdline_compl     +lambda            +profile           +vim9script
+cmdline_hist      +langmap           -python            +viminfo
+cmdline_info      +libcall           +python3           +virtualedit
+comments          +linebreak         +quickfix          +visual
+conceal           +lispindent        +reltime           +visualextra
+cryptv            +listcmds          +rightleft         +vreplace
+cscope            +localmap          -ruby              +wildignore
+cursorbind        -lua               +scrollbind        +wildmenu
+cursorshape       +menu              +signs             +windows
+dialog_con        +mksession         +smartindent       +writebackup
+diff              +modify_fname      +sodium            -X11
+digraphs          +mouse             -sound             -xfontset
-dnd               -mouseshape        +spell             -xim
-ebcdic            +mouse_dec         +startuptime       -xpm
+emacs_tags        +mouse_gpm         +statusline        -xsmp
+eval              -mouse_jsbterm     -sun_workshop      -xterm_clipboard
+ex_extra          +mouse_netterm     +syntax            -xterm_save
+extra_search      +mouse_sgr         +tag_binary
-farsi             -mouse_sysmouse    -tag_old_static
   system vimrc file: "$VIM/vimrc"
     user vimrc file: "$HOME/.vimrc"
 2nd user vimrc file: "~/.vim/vimrc"
      user exrc file: "$HOME/.exrc"
       defaults file: "$VIMRUNTIME/defaults.vim"
  fall-back for $VIM: "/usr/share/vim"
Compilation: gcc -c -I. -Iproto -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -Wdate-time -g -O2 -ffile-prefix-map=/build/vim-8W0Acv/vim-8.2.3995=. -flto=auto -ffat-lto-objects -flto=auto -ffat-lto-objects -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -D_REENTRANT -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=1
Linking: gcc -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -flto=auto -ffat-lto-objects -flto=auto -Wl,-z,relro
-Wl,-z,now -Wl,--as-needed -o vim -lm -ltinfo -lselinux -lsodium -lacl -lattr -lgpm -L/usr/lib/python3.10/config-3.10-x86_64-linux-gnu -lpython3.10 -lcrypt -ldl -lm -lm

配置文件信息

    system vimrc file: "$VIM/vimrc"
     user vimrc file: "$HOME/.vimrc"
 2nd user vimrc file: "~/.vim/vimrc"
      user exrc file: "$HOME/.exrc"
       defaults file: "$VIMRUNTIME/defaults.vim"
  fall-back for $VIM: "/usr/share/vim"

编辑配置文件

进入到vim普通模式
如果要编辑系统范围内的默认vim配置
:edit $VIM/vimrc
其余配置文件类似操作

配置文件作用域

全局配置文件(linux)

为所有用户配置的默认值
usually by creating /etc/vimrc or /etc/vim/vimrc
- vimrc是文件而不是目录!
Depends on your version of vim and linux/unix
- centos use the former one,the ubuntu use the later one

例如:配置所有用户自动打开行号显示

配置脚本:

 cat /etc/vim/vimrc |tail
sudo tee -a /etc/vim/vimrc <<eof
set nu
eof
 
cat /etc/vim/vimrc |tail

用户个人配置文件(linux)

检查是否存在个人用户配置文件ls ~ -al|grep .vim

 ls ~ -al|grep .vim
-rw------- 1 cxxu_u22 cxxu_u22   7213 Jan  1 13:55 .viminfo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root     root          7 Jan  1 13:52 etcvimrc

如果没有.vimrc文件,手动创建一个
用户的个人配置将覆盖系统的默认配置.

ref docs

使用本地参考文档:

:h vimrc

例如 neovim下执行

  Load user config (execute Ex commands from files, environment, …).
        An environment variable (e.g. $VIMINIT) is read as one Ex command
        line, where multiple commands must be separated with '|' or <NL>.
                                        config init.vim init.lua vimrc exrc
        A file that contains initialization commands is generically called
        a "vimrc" or config file.  It can be a Vimscript or Lua file named
        "init.vim" or "init.lua" respectively.  It is an error to use both at
        the same time.  Each line in a "init.vim" is executed as an Ex command
        line.  See also vimrc-intro and base-directories.
 
        The config file is located at:
                Unix            ~/.config/nvim/init.vim (or init.lua)
                Windows         ~/AppData/Local/nvim/init.vim (or init.lua)
        or if $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is defined:
                                $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/nvim/init.vim (or init.lua)
                                    If Nvim was started with "-u {file}" then {file} is used as the config
        and all initializations until 5. are skipped. $MYVIMRC is not set.
        "nvim -u NORC" can be used to skip these initializations without
        reading a file.  "nvim -u NONE" also skips plugins and syntax
        highlighting.  -u
  If Nvim was started with -es all initializations until 5. are
        skipped.
                                                system-vimrc sysinit.vim
     a. The system vimrc file is read for initializations.  If
        nvim/sysinit.vim file exists in one of $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS, it will be
        used.  Otherwise the system vimrc file is used. The path of this file
        is given by the :version command.  Usually it's "$VIM/sysinit.vim".
 
                                                VIMINIT EXINIT $MYVIMRC
     b. Locations searched for initializations, in order of preference:
        -  $VIMINIT environment variable (Ex command line).
        -  User config: $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/nvim/init.vim.
        -  Other config: {dir}/nvim/init.vim where {dir} is any directory
           in $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS.
        -  $EXINIT environment variable (Ex command line).
        $MYVIMRC is set to the first valid location unless it was already
        set or when using $VIMINIT.
 
     c. If the 'exrc' option is on (which is NOT the default), the current
        directory is searched for two files.  The first that exists is used,
        the others are ignored.
        -  The file ".nvimrc"
        -  The file ".exrc"

编辑$VIMRC效果

创建完对应文件后,就有这样的效果

在线文档(推荐)

posted @ 2021-11-03 08:19 xuchaoxin1375 阅读(12) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报来源

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