Python操作MySQL案例
最近都在学习Python代码,希望学会Python后,能给我带来更高的工作效率,所以每天坚持学习和拷代码,下面是一个Python操作MySQL的一个实例,该实例可以让更多的人更好了解MySQLdb模块的使用。我是Python菜鸟,通过学习别人的实例来让自己学到更多Python知识。
案例:用Python实现银行转账
一、在MySQL创建一张表account表,然后在里面插入两条数据:
mysql> show create table account\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Table: account Create Table: CREATE TABLE `account` ( `userid` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '账号ID', `money` int(11) DEFAULT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin 1 row in set (0.02 sec) mysql>
当前数据:
mysql> select * from account; +--------+-------+ | userid | money | +--------+-------+ | 1 | 200 | | 2 | 200 | +--------+-------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
编辑脚本money.py文件,运行些脚本需要安装MySQLdb模块,详细安装和基本的使用可以参考我的博客:http://www.cnblogs.com/xuanzhi201111/p/5144982.html
#!/usr/bin/env python #coding:utf-8 #name:money.py import sys import MySQLdb class TransferMoney(object): def __init__(self,conn): self.conn = conn #用于检查是否存在转账用户或者被转账用户 def check_user_exist(self, userid): cursor = self.conn.cursor() try: sql = "select * from account where userid = %s" % userid cursor.execute(sql) print "\033[;32m验证用户是否存在: \033[0m" + sql except Exception,e: raise Exception('执行sql错误:%s' % e) else: rs = cursor.fetchall() if len(rs) != 1: raise Exception ("账号%s不存在" % userid) finally: cursor.close() #用于检查是用户是否有足够的钱转给别人 def has_enough_money(self,source_userid,money): cursor = self.conn.cursor() try: sql = "select * from account where userid = %s and money > %s" % (source_userid,money) cursor.execute(sql) print "\033[;32m检查是否有足够的钱: \033[0m" + sql except Exception,e: raise Exception('执行sql错误:%s' % e) else: rs = cursor.fetchall() if len(rs) != 1: raise Exception ("账号%s余额不足" % source_userid) finally: cursor.close() #用于减去转掉的部份金额 def reduce_money(self,source_userid,money): cursor = self.conn.cursor() try: sql = "update account set money = money - %s where userid=%s" % (money,source_userid) cursor.execute(sql) print "\033[;32m从源账户%s里扣掉对应的金额: \033[0m" % (source_userid) + sql except Exception,e: raise Exception('执行sql错误:%s' % e) else: rs = cursor.rowcount if rs!=1: raise Exception("账号%s减款失败" % source_userid) finally: cursor.close() #用于把别人转过来的钱加到目标用户的金额上 def add_money(self,target_userid,money): cursor=self.conn.cursor() try: sql="update account set money = money + %s where userid=%s" % (money,target_userid) cursor.execute(sql) print '\033[;32m目标账户%s加上转过来的金额:\033[0m' % (target_userid) + sql except Exception,e: raise Exception('执行sql错误:%s' % e) else: rs=cursor.rowcount if rs!=1: raise Exception("账号%s加钱失败" % target_userid) finally: cursor.close() #用于转账后的查询账号的金额 def check_money(self,source_userid): cursor=self.conn.cursor() try: sql="select * from account where userid=%s" % (source_userid) cursor.execute(sql) except Exception,e: raise Exception('执行sql错误:%s' % e) else: rs = cursor.fetchall() for row in rs: print "userid=%d, 现在的金额=%d" % row finally: cursor.close() #主函数,调用以上的函数形成一个事务 def transfer(self, source_userid, target_userid, money): try: self.check_user_exist(source_userid) self.check_user_exist(target_userid) self.has_enough_money(source_userid,money) self.reduce_money(source_userid,money) self.add_money(target_userid,money) self.conn.commit() self.check_money(source_userid) self.check_money(target_userid) except Exception as e: self.conn.rollback() raise e if __name__ == '__main__': source_userid = sys.argv[1] target_userid = sys.argv[2] money = sys.argv[3] conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='123456',port=3306,db='python') tr_money = TransferMoney(conn) try: tr_money.transfer(source_userid,target_userid,money) except Exception as e: print "\033[;31m出现问题:\033[0m" + str(e) finally: conn.close()
代码验证:
从账号1 转账100块给账号 2:
[root@Python test]# python money.py 1 2 100 验证用户是否存在: select * from account where userid = 1 验证用户是否存在: select * from account where userid = 2 检查是否有足够的钱: select * from account where userid = 1 and money > 100 从源账户1里扣掉对应的金额: update account set money = money - 100 where userid=1 目标账户2加上转过来的金额:update account set money = money + 100 where userid=2 userid=1, 现在的金额=100 userid=2, 现在的金额=300
从账号 1 转500给账号 2,会出现余额不足
[root@Python test]# python money.py 1 2 500 验证用户是否存在: select * from account where userid = 1 验证用户是否存在: select * from account where userid = 2 检查是否有足够的钱: select * from account where userid = 1 and money > 500 出现问题:账号1余额不足
从账号 2 转账200块给账号 1
[root@Python test]# python money.py 2 1 200 验证用户是否存在: select * from account where userid = 2 验证用户是否存在: select * from account where userid = 1 检查是否有足够的钱: select * from account where userid = 2 and money > 200 从源账户2里扣掉对应的金额: update account set money = money - 200 where userid=2 目标账户1加上转过来的金额:update account set money = money + 200 where userid=1 userid=2, 现在的金额=100 userid=1, 现在的金额=300
可以看到正常的转账了,初学Python,还有很多需要优化的地方,希望大家指出我的不足,让我更好更快的成长,同时也希望大家一起把Python学好
参考资料:
作者:陆炫志 出处:xuanzhi的博客 http://www.cnblogs.com/xuanzhi201111 您的支持是对博主最大的鼓励,感谢您的认真阅读。本文版权归作者所有,欢迎转载,但请保留该声明。
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